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THE ( SHAWA DAILY IM... THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 13, 1928 Premier Bruce Places Labor on Defensive in Australia Elections... Supremacy of Law Over). Avarchy Overshadows Tariff and Other lssues-- Government Confident Can! Australia, Nov, 15.-- The na Al hiounnl | Aust election ca! n Saturday with the writs returnable for the meeting of the new parliament not later than Feb. 6, 1929, will probab- ly go down in history as the hard- oat fought political struggle since federation. It can be safely said that no democracy in the last de- cade has been asked to register a decigion on so many diverse ques- tions of public policy--all of them burning issues. Yet curiously en- ough, the Nationalist-Country party coalition government, under the teadership of. Premier 8. M. Bruce and Hon, Dr. Earle C. Page, fed- eral treasurer, is making its prin- cipal appeal for preturm to power on a single problem; paramount in its connotations to the public in- terest: law and order and indus- trial peace. Coalition Majority . The Bruce-Page government in 1925 obtained a coalition majority of '52 in the house of representa- tives whose total membership is 75, and a majority of 26 in the senate whose total number of seats is 36, on the basis of radical tendencies in the Labor. party g out of a pre-election shipping strike, A similar waterside workers' strike in September and October of this year precipitated a general - election, with Messrs, Bruce and Page ask- ing the country to velterate its condemnation of violenop and dis- order and disregard of Federal Ar- bitration Court awards, Between 1925 and 1928 Mr, Bruce's govern- ment had lost considerable popular support for a variety of reasons to be recounted in this article, but what the federal government views as the disrogard by Labor of the public interest in the waterside- workers' strike, and a dramatic Here's a Tastier Recipe 1 cup boiled rice 14 cup Eagle Brand Condensed Milk 1 teaspoon vanilla 1 egg 34 cup water 14 teaspoon nutmeg Mix Eagle Brand and water together thoroughly, Beat egg and blend with the milk and vanilla, Add this mixture tothe rice (boiled) and mix well, buttered pan and Pour .into sprinkle top with the nutmeg, Place pan in a dish of water (as - for a custard) and bake in a slow oven until 8 golden brown, Serve hot or cold,' Eagle Bren eams ,) and iid : your coffee deliciously FX half the usual cost, \ ~ FAGCLE TAY OF DB D8 CONDENS THE BORDEN CO, LIMITED MONTREAL Send me FREE Recipe Book' NAME. BRAND MILK ED shipowners obtained an order from the Arbitration Court enabling them to employ strike breakers hecause a "state of industrial unrest" exis. ted, and this at once precipitated armed clashea between the two for- ces, Ultimatum Mr, Bruce issued an ultimatum to the federation that he "Gov ernment will do its utmost to main. tain law and order prosecuting those who unlawfully interfere with the peaceful carrying on of the transport industry of the common. wealth," and proceeded to press through parliament the Transport Workers' Bill over the voeiferous opposition of Labor, This measure questioned as to its comstitutional- ity, authorized the Gavernor-Gems | eral to make "regulations--with respect to the employment of trans. port workers, and for regulating or prohibiting the engagement, service and discharge of transport workers, and the licensing of persons as transport workers, and for regulat- ing or prohibiting the employment of unlicensed persons as transport workers, and' for the protection of transport workers." The govern. ment now had power literally to wipe 'out the Waterside-Workers' Federation and as a result the strike was crushed at the end of October, Feeling Bitter The writs for the election were issued, and although feeling over the strike was still bitter, it was expected the issues presented by the upheaval (not new hy any means, they have played a part in very Australian election for the last 10 years) could be discussed more calmly, On Novemher 2, however, 1,000 wharf laborers, shut aut by the shipping Interests pitched upon "volunteer workers" on the quays of Sydney, and a battle vnsuad in which the police were {involved Dozens of persons were thrown into the harbor waters, hundreds of per- sons bruised, and three shot, Law over Anarchy, If thre had heen expectations that any other issues but those of industrial peace would be discussed in the campaign, they now went hy the board, Mr, Bruce in his "policy speech' of Oct, 9 at Dandenong in Victoria had djscussed the tariff and the necessity of dumping dut- ies to protect the dried fruit indus- try, the uniforny railway gauge pro- blem, unemployment insurance, im- migration, etc. But after the reeru- descence of the stevedores' strike, virtually everything but the Trans. port Workers' Act, the Crimes Act (under which the government ean move against industrial agitators) the communism of labor, and the supremacy of the public interest in industrial peace were suppressed by government parties in their cam. paign speeches, The election was now put 'on the best possible ter. rian, that of the absolute necessity for the supremecy of law over an- archy,"" The present situation is partien. larly signifeant when it is remem- bered the train of events betweeh 1026 and 1928 conspired to vob the Bruce-Page Coalition of its popular appeal, Defeated in a national refers endum wherein Bruce asked for wider powers for the Federal In- dustrial arbitration system, strong- ly condemned for obtaining the same powers through a question. able statute, Mr, Bruce could have heen sald to lack the confidence of A -- PAGEFIVE ticularly ted in Great Britain a rapidly we can do these things fis dependent upon the capital avail able for such Julboses ed that in 1921 98 per Australian were of British blood and that the 1931 census would show the same percentage, Moreover, the "White Australia" policy was in no danger, "Friendly ararngements" had been made with South European governments for the restriction of alien migration. An intense depression in the coal industry in New South Wales in- duced the Commonwealth to offer a bounty, provided the miners would accept a reduction In wages, It was proposed to secure a redue- tion of $1 in the price of enal in order to compete with coal brought in from abroad and sold $1.75 per ton less than the New South Wales product, Moreover, Victorian brown coal briquettes were auccesafully competing with the New South Wal- es hard cod! at more favorable prie- es, Industry rose in arms against this "dole" to the coal industry, and labor declined to accept wage re- ductions, The public's confidence in the Government's. ability to deal with this problem was considerably reduced, Tax Scandals Few other things so troubled the Bruce Government as the "Abra- hams tax scandals," A tax ring had succeeded injflefrauding the Com- monwealth vernment and var. fous states out of millions of pounds sterling.by means of rigged tax returns over a number of years. The Commonwealth settled with the defendants for a fixed sum of $2,600,000 and agreed not to pro- secute, Mr, Bruce tried to make fit clear that the federal government, at that, had recaptured more than the States did and that the govern. ment's law officers insisted they had no case, but the scandals lost the coalition support in their own ranks, Having promised the electorate In 1925 that problems of national development hereafter would be put in the hands of experts, Mr, Bruce in the next few years proceeded to create commissions to deal with the Northern Territory, migration, markets, sclence and industry, He promised the people instantaneous results, and instead disputes and quarrels rose over appointments, insufficlent appropriations -- and most seriously over the inexpert- ness of these expert commissions," The question was finally asked what good could these various bod- les with limited authorities accom plish In view of the fact that Fed. eral Australas, unlike most other nations, did not have a national department of agriculture? Pop- v3 Golds = Just rubvon only rife In Austratla but wan par. ular belief tn the commisaion iden |» market. Unemployment Mr, Bruce had promised "nation. al" fusurance to cover umemploy- ment and sickness, Three years of endless discussion culminated fim- port that the Commonwealth could undertake, without undue financial burden, sickness and disablement benefit, child and widows' allow. ances, orphans' and wives' and wid- ows' superannuation and females, "His was thrown on to a e allowances his policy spéech om ber 4 at Richmond Town Hall its leader, J. H, Scullin, aid mot answer the charge that it is making national disorder, He declared however the Labor party would revise the Arbi- tration Act, providing for sound businesslike adminstration to be administered hy men 'of industrial experience in a less costly fashion, The Crimes Act would be appended 80 as to apply to criminats and not to decent working men, he added, Many of the administrative com- missions should be abolished, in- cluding the Federal Capital Com- mission, Tarrif reform was pledged it the Labor Party were returned to power and "breaches in the tar- iff wall" would be repaired in ord- er to prevent manufactured imports from flooding the country to the detriment of local industries, Labor Plank The Labor government would al- so take a referendum on what the labor party considered vital chang- es necessary in the Commonwealth constitution, and would also restore the system of per capita payments to the Commonwealth states, A con- ference with the primary producers on the question of organized mar- keting also was promised, Unifica- ton of Australian railway gauges would be put to the forefront of necessary public works, In the opinion of the Labor party overseas radio communication and broadcasting should be owned and controlled by the Commonwealth, and steps would he taken to remove this from the control of private companies, ' Labor Divided There is another important as- pect of Labor's position, namely, its internal dissensions, With inter- necine warfare in New South Wales and Queensland, it has also failed in its struggle for national unanim- ity, Illness ostensibly caused the recent resignation of Matthew Charlton, leader, and Frank An- stey, deputy leader, of the party, The Nationalists claim they were forced out by radical elements and by a natural reluctance to partic pate in party affairs due to secan- dals arising from the election of E, G. Theodore of Queensland, unques- tionably the outstanding labor fig- ure in the commonwealth, to the federal parliament, At a party eau- cus held to choose successors to Messrs! Charlton and Anstey it: is sald that dissensions nearly destroy- ed the party, Certain it is that much furniture was broken--if not heads--for the next day Natlonal- ists on the government benches in the house openly taunted the Labh- orites upon the row, The failure to choose Mr, Theodore for any Im- portant party position, despite his known ability, was evidence of a serious split in the party leader. "hip, The ranks of the party also bad- ly divided. A trenchant political nhrase has heen coined in Australs ia, the "Coolie Crowd' to desig- nate the so-called red" and com- munistie elem>nt that Is held re- ponsible for the mora radical trike activities recemtly, This ele- ment succeeded, it is said, in fore- ing am affiliation between the All 'Australan Trade Union Congress and the Pan-Pacific Trade Union Secsetariat, an allegedly Moscow organization eperating ih the Far East, particularly China DRAMAS OF GHINESE LIF ARE PLANNED Aims to Offset Alleged Mis- representation of His Country Ptking---Nobody ean lo for very long in this country without realiz- ing that there are two Chinas--the real China and the mythical China of the imaginative novelist. The lconsiatent misvepresentation of Chi- na and the Chinese character by foreign dramatist and writers of so-called Oriental fiction is a thing of which patriotic representatives of the Republic frequently, and with justice, complain. / An earnest attempt to offset these distorted impressions by pre- senting to the West "a real picture of the Chinese as they are, and not as they are supposed to be" is be- ing made by a Lendon-educated Chinese, Professor J. Wong-Quin- cey, who 1s head of the department of Western languages and litera. ture at Tsing Hua College, an in- stitution founded here in 1911 as the result of the United States Gov- ernment's action in giving back to China part of its share of the Boxe er Indemnity, Professor Wong- Quincey, who writes his plays in English, is the author of several dramas dealing with eontempor- ary Chinese life, He has just put the finishing touches to a new com- edy in three acts, entitled: 'She Stoops to Compromise," which 1s described as a bitter satire on uni- versity politics in China, One of his best known pieces, an histori- cal tragedy dealing with the stir. ring times which followed Yuan Shih-kai's attempt to restore the monarchy, was produced in Am- erica on the recommendation of Professor George Baker, director of the department of drama at Vale, under whom Professor Wong-Quin- coy studied for a year while on fur- lough from his post in China, Modern Drama In applying Western dramatic technique to the writing of plays dealing with Chinese life I have set hefore myself a twofold alm (Professor Wong-Quincey told an interviewer), First, I desire on a modest scale to pave the way for the creatin of a modern Chinese drama, Secondly, by writing in English, I wish to present to the West a real picture of the Chinese a8 they are, and not as they are supposed to be, I amr mot a pro- nagandist; no true artist can he that, I believe that, like other peoples, the Chinese have vices as well as virtues; and the virtues predominate, otherwise the Chinese could not have survived as a na- tion, I am not afraid of advertis- ing the weaknesses of the Chinese character or the abuses of Chinese life, What I desire is only to pre- sent a true pleture of the Chinese with such slight modiffrations as will make them intelligible to Western audiences, I think that the battle for a falr representation of the Chinese will be long and arduous. Imaginative writers of fiction in the West have built up a picture of the Chinese that is either sensational, depraved, 5 Watch the Windows GE EEEEEEEEEEEEEEE and grotesque, or fantastically ro- mantic and unreal, To correct this false and deep-rooted impression will call for the labor of a genius, But someone must make a begin- nine, however small and weak. It 1s Professor Wong-Quincey's ambition to establish in China a school of the drama, on somewhat similar lines to the one conducted by Professor Baker at Yale, where young Chinese writers, scenic de- signers, costume-makers, Mghting artists and stage mechanics will be taught the best and latest methods of dramatie technique, REPAIRING make it tell the correct time awa Raliroads, 10 King Bt, W, WATCHES OUR SPECIALTY It your Watch is not giving satisfaction we can repair and D. J. 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Your Rexall Store not only offers you just the right thing for that "certain person', but will suggest ways whereby you may SAVE MONEY, Finances National finanées were not ip the best of possible shape, Dr. Page as leader of the Country Party, pledg- ed to retrenchment in Government expenditures, h#ti heen compelled, as Federal Treasurer, to repory budgets of increasing size, Total Commonwealth expenditures in 1922-23 were ~ $850,000,000; fn 1928-24, $415,000,000; in 1024- 25, #$455,000,000; in 1026-26, $505,000,000; in 1026-27, $480, 000,000, The public debt of the Commonwealth had risen from $2, 080,352,545 in 1922 to $2,470,945, 000 in 1928, And to add to it all, in presenting his budget, address on August 30, 1028 for 1928-20 he announced a deficit for the pre. vious year of $13,151,185, In nor. mal times this alone might om. | Baked Stuffed Haddock 'Make good veal stuffing enough for fish required, Stuff haddock, lay in deep pan, now half cover with milk, Bake 20 minutes for each pound. 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