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THURSDAY, JANUARY 6, 1938 4 ' if paid in advance; ; address in the United States payable in advance; ) ff not so paid. Advertising Rates on application to this office. The Russell Leader RUSSELL, ONTARIO. Established 1899 The Only Newspaper In Russell County Published Every Thursday GARLAND HALL, Manager. Telephone 38. Subscription Rates--$1.00 to any address in Canada, $1.50 if not so paid. $1.50 tony iia hA .shorn of their power NEW HORIZONS NEEDED IN ANGLO-SAXON WORLD. New Year soundoffs by prominent men in all walks of life across the American news front recently have contained un- varied reference to the need of effecting social justice for the millions of ill-kept humans below the border line of a decent standard of living and the growing menace of Fascism which appears to be gaining support in still other classes. President Roosevelt told Congress at its opening Monday that "misuse of the powers of capital" must be ended, that the minority monopolistic monarchs must be "or the capitalistic system will destroy itself through its own abuses." He projected a plan to correct this undue and unhealthy sway of a half dozen families, to the benefit of business as a whole, and the body politic. He was not an enemy of business, declared the U.S. leader, "as these minority combines try to paint me," but was vitally concerned with policies which would benefit the majority of businessmen, workers, and farmers. Coincident with President Roosevelt's Star. _qasuu' policy came a stirring appeal from a leading Catholic Church authority, Cardinal Mundelein, who called on 1,000,- 000 Catholics in the Chicago archdiocese, to take up the cudgels of the working man. "Selfish employers of labor have flatter- ed the church by calling it the greatest conservative force, and then called upon it to act as a police force while they paid but a pittance of wage to those who worked for them. There is danger of Communism but don't let others use it as a cloak to cover corrupt practices when they cry out against Communism and they themselves practice social injustice; when they fight against.a minimum wage and we find girls and women trying to live on 10 and 15 cents an hour. This lip-service hypocrisy .nust be stopped." Canada does not need to look across the line to find the wisdom in such words, and the recently enacted minimum wage laws of Quebec are only in time to nip the growth of a great Nationalistic and Fas- cistic movement in that Old World pro- vince. The elements of revolt are clearly present in our banner Prairie provinces, particularly Saskatchewan, where skilled and professional workers are living at a very much lower standard than is accorded those on relief in the most stringent On- tario municipality. Ontario workers, on the whole, have very little reason for complaint at existing wage levels, although there is room for dis- cussion on the total amount of money they may receive in any twelve-month period, yet even in this air of self-satisfaction and contentment with lot without thought to the other parties' burdens, we may look for the germ of Fascism to spread. Pos- sibly, particularly in this group. And Fascism is the greatest curse and enemy facing the world today. One of the most stirring clarion calls to a new evaluation of the worth of demo- cracy and a timely warning that Anglo- Saxons may lose their perspective by seek- ing for new horizons or any virtues in the doctrine of Communism or Fascism, was contained in an editorial by Wilbur M. Philpott in a recent issue of Liberty. After reviewing the mistakes and uncer- tainties of the past year, Mr. Philpott sees democracy and freedom standing on trial this year on the most colossal scale in his- tory, as barbarous ways of living chal- lenge a new way of life. He hears the thunder of the enemy at the gates of liberty of thought, speech and action: "How well are we safeguarding that noble franchise of freedom, bought and paid for by generations of martyrs whose blood enriches the warp and woof the British dream? "To what extent do we possess those en- during values by which all human progress must be weighed? Many have fallen prey to the heresies of our prize false prophets, who would have us believe that the only way to preserve our liberty is to surrender it. Thus has been acquired such a deflated valuation of freedem's franchise that disciples of these de- structive creeds would waive all rights to it in exchange for the latest variety 'of imported isms. It is a foolhardy delusion that freedom can be plowed under in the hope that it may revive again a few generations hence. '"Democracy's real destroyers are the Huns and Vandals who work within our gates-- false prophets who would superimpose the labels of Communism or Fascism upon our native culture. To follow them is but to cast a vote for voluntary enslavement. And those who vote for chains ought to wear them! "Construetive change 'under either system? "° Vicious nonsense! The basic difference be- tween the old Russian grand duke and the new Soviet commissar is a slightly more discrimi- nating taste in champagnes. The only dis- cernible difference between Germany's cld despotism and the new dictatorship is in a different style of mustaches." He dismisses the appeal of Communism as one of transient conversion, one whose evils can be too clearly perceived by all classes, and in the other finds the more evil and subtle strength of attraction: "Fascism is our gravest menace, and grow- ing greater day by day. Fascism, with its deepest roots in religious bigotries and racial intolerances. It is unthinkable in Canada, where the birth of our nation was achieved by the welding of two races, languages, and civil codes. The cornerstone of national greatness was squared and set within the lofty mold of racial and religious faith and freedom--a tra- dition that has been Canada's guiding star of destiny for centuries." The only weakness in Mr. Philpott's reasoning in this paragraph is that "it is unthinkable in Canada', for its very adop- tion in the control of a free press has al- ready been inaugurated in Quebec and Al- berta. their peoples so casually let it go. They have become careless of their heritage in the dying hours of this golden age of free- dom. And so with us all, who talk merely of recovery instead of renaissance. As others are being taught to be hard and self-sacrificing for dictatorship, should we not be equally zealous in behalf of our democracy? One cannot meet the blood purge of Italy and Germany without a complete mental purge of our indifference, nor the implications back of the Orient's philosophy with a spirit of passive pacifism. "We must draw upon that mighty reservoir which has nourished the memorable continuity of freedom for our race. Our roots are not of yesterday, nor of the day before. They have been fed, throughout the centuries, by the spiritual discipline of a common cause: The preservation of faith and freedom. And we are but the degenerate sons and daughters of valiant crusaders in the cause of human pro- gress if we do not fight in the teeth of these savage doctrines which unleash new tides of hatred in our midst. They are creeds that were old, tired, and burned out long before the first New Year, A.D. "You still point with pride to progress under dictatorship? Then remember this: A certain type of progress is always fastest downhill." NOTES AND COMMENT James D. Mooney, General Motors' effi- ciency expert, cut sharply to a deep funda- mental the other day with: "My idea is to make everybody work like hell and then pay them more than they could get any- where else." Many theorists today believe that that isn't good, healthy fun. Eastern Ontario was treated to an un- usual blizzard of no mean proportions on New Year's Eve, but up in a little town out of North Bay they report it was so cold and blustery that night that Mr. Stork, who had a scheduled call to make, laid off and sent a Penguin in his stead.--W ith apolo- gies to Bob "Robin" Burns. In business circles there is considerable speculation as to the inspiration for Mr. Hepburn's gloomy outlook on world busi- ness, as revealed in correspondence recent- ly in connection with the St. Lawrence Waterways-Niagara power squabble. In a letter dated Nov. 25th last, Mr .Hepburn remarks that European and Asiatic coun- tries will collapse with the continued dis- sipation of gold reserves for armament purposes, and that this continent, will, as a consequence, "witness an era of depression comparable with the one through which we - But the premier does : have just passed." not say when it will come, which sounds quite Wall Streetish and quite Amateurish for a man in the position Mr. Hepburn is. Tales of hardship and privation among Saskatchewan school teachers were many at the annual conference of that federa- tion Christmas week, and they indicated that stories related by many of the fine new settlers recently come into Eastern Ontario from that Prairie province have not been exaggerated. Instances were cited of teachers repairing shoes with cardboard soles; of possessing but one pair of much-mended trousers, many with even the patches patched; of receiving as little as $35 for five months' work and of many taking on the janitor's job in order to earn an extra dollar a week. And these in- stances were not from backwoods' schools but from those having attendances of over 50 and 100 pupils. We wonder how our legislators can look forward to election times with equanimity and sleep at nights with peace of mind. Former Attorney-General Arthur Roe- . buck and many prominent clergymen of the Queen City are leading a movement to have the Provincial Government curtail the hours for vending liquor just prior to holidays. Premier Hepburn's order to allow liquor "stores two hours longer for business New Year's Eve and beverage rooms full sway on New Year's Day has only added fuel to the agitation. The Christmas record in Toronto, both in the courts and in the morgues, is unenviable. But Toronto the Good's 1987 Christmas his- tory, which we imagine will be a hard job to live down, is not duplicated in any other Ontario centre "not so good", and we have a sneaking idea that Premier Hepburn was only paying out a little more of the pro- verbial rope used at certain "necking par-. ties" and that he hasn't any great concern: « "whether the Tory Quéen City performs the | deed herself or not. However, it is a situation that calls for greater thought by all temperant and serious-minded persons. The real tragedy is that most of fore governments, |] dian affairs. The Ottawa Spotlight By Spectator Ottawa, January 4.--The coming year may well go down into history as one of the eventful periods. In the opinion of many Canadian ob- servers, Confederation is on trial. There are forces making for unity, recovery, and adjustment to modern demands. Other forces appear to be of a disintegrating nature. In the tug between these, a new Canaud may well be born. The original Confederation, so historians say, was the product of a trouonlous pariod of internal dissension, threat of ex- ternal aggression, hunger for ex- panding markets, fear of loss of ex- isting markets. 'Out of the unpro- mising era of the 1860's came the be- ginnings of the modern Canada; it is quite possible that out of the welter of these days may emerge a Do- minion more noted than now for its equity, its tolerance, its cooperation and its justice. : Not 'a bad New Year's resolution for Canadians, that in the coming year we shall bend our efforts to re- move the causes of inequity, distress and dissension! An Opportunity The Royal Commission on De- minion-Provincial Relations is pro- viding an opportunity for the vari- ous interests and representative groups across Canada to make sug- gestions looking toward a happier state of affairs. The provinces of Manitoba and Saskatchewan have already laid their case before the commission. Other provinces are busily engaged in preparing briefs, and a great deal of work is being done by private associations and or- ganizations for same purpose. Be the Commission concludes its hearings six months from now, it 1s hope to have before it an adequate cross-section of Canadian sentiment, bolstered up by an impressive body of facts on the current situation. In the light of this accumulation of facts, supplemented by research being undertaken by notable au- thorities, the Royal Commission will seek to draw the plans for a more satisfactory division of taxing po- wers and social responsibilities. Beginning January 17th, the Ro- val Commission will sit at Ottawa for several days, 'hearing from about a score of national organiza- tions and associations, representing the interests of the farmer, the la- bour unions, the construction asso ciations, bankers, doctors, tax asso- ciation, ete. The program then calls for a visit to the Maritimes. Later on, the Commissions will go to the far west and sit at Edmonton and Victoria. On their return there will be hear- ings at Toronto and Quebec City. Gathering at Ottawa Some time early in the summer there. will be, it is expected an 1m- portant gathering at Ottawa, of rep- resentatives of the nine provincial and. of the federal government. By that time the pro- vincial cases will all have been air- ed, each province will know what the other is asking, and what it is prepared to give up. All govern- ment bodies will have the oppor- tunity of supplementing their early representations, or of correcting any inaccurate impressions which they may feel have been permitted to 2row up- The Dominion-Provincial can hardly help enjoying some his- toric prominence, in view of the magnitude of the issues involved. Then will come the difficult task of writing a report. The Commis- sioners will, according to the in- structions, recommend what in their opinion should be done to re-allocate the taxing powers and legislative responsibilities of all governments in Canada, in such a way as to bring about the wisest and best division. The report, of course, will have no executive authority. It will, ra- ther provide a basis for discussion and negotiation between Dominion and Provincial statesmen. When adequate opportunity has been given for its perusal, some sort of Constitutional Convention--a not- able gathering of our great wmen--- will very likely be called in an ef- fort to draft a new order of Cana- sittings With such events in the offing, 1938 counts as a big year. THAT'S WHAT 1 (CALL A FRIEND One whose grip is a little tighter, One whose smile is 'a little brighter, One 'whose deeds are a little whiter, That's what I call a friend. One who'll lend as quick as he'll borrow, \ i One who's the same today as to- 1 morrow, ! ' One who will share your joy--and SOTTOW, : | j That's what I call a friend. One whose thoughts are a little cleaner, ' One whose mind is a little keener; One who avoids those things that are meaner, : That's what I call a friend. One, when you're gone who'll miss you sadly, One who'll weleome you back again gladly. One, who, though angered, speak madly, That's what I call a friend. One who is always willing to aid you, : : will not One whose advice has always paid] vou One who defended when others flayed you, 58% d "That's what I call a friend. One who has been fine when life seemed rotten, Yt 'Ope whose ideals you have not--for- , gotten, One who has given you more than he's gotten, That's what I call ] v a friend. --John Burroughs AND HER FOREIGN POLICY By Claris Edwin Silcox Canada, The Pacific and War: By William Strange: (Toronto: Thomas Nelson & Son). Price, $1.75. World CANADA Currents and Canada's Course: Lectures given at the Canadian Institute on Economes and Politics: (Toronto: Thomas Nelson & Son). Price, $1.59 It is only in recent years that Canada has become conscious of the necessity of some kind of foreign policy. From the standpoint of population, we may not be a great power, but from the standpoint of the total volume of international trade we stand fifth although a large part of this is with the United Kingdom and the United States. Moreover, we have reached our age of 'majority', politically speaking. We do not wish to continue longer as a mere minor tied to our Mo-~ ther's foreign policy, nor to be utter- ly subservient to the foreign policy of our colossal neighbour, the Unit- ed States. How independent we can be is another matter. Often we take refuge in our self-assumed role as the link between the two great English-speaking peoples, but if we are to play that role aright, we must avoid the fate of many would-be mediators and refuse to put our- selves in a position where both the other parties regard us as a nais- ance. In our uncertainty, any books written from a distinctly 'Canadian point of view and primarily for a Canadian clientele which interpret the implications of our relationships with other countries or continents are important and deserve a place in the libraries of all thoughtful citi- zens of the Dominion. These books are remarkably few and most ve- lumes dealing with international af- fairs barely mention Canada, ard few of them even go so far as to mention her "among those also present." Hence Canadians should pe indebted to Thomas Nelson & Sons for publishing these iwo books, and to the organizations which, ozrfi- cially or unofficially, sponsor them, the Canadian Institute of Interna- tional Affairs and the National Council of the Young Men's Chris- tian Association. William |Strange, though a Cana- dian, was born abroad and has lived for some time in the Far East. He is well-known in the Dominion as a literary critic and in the field of ra- dio. Selected to prepare this book by the 'Canadian Institute of Inter- national Affairs which, however, i= not responsible for the opinions of the writer, he has done an excellent piece of work in condensing the vast backgrounds of the Far Eastern question in a few chapters, against which he then proceeds vo deal with what all that means today to Can- ada. Here, indeed, one nay find the whole vexed question of Chinese and Japanese immigration succinctly treated, estimates of the extent of Canadian investments in Far Rast summaries of trade between Japan and Canada, and varions aiternative courses which might be pursued in case Canada could choose. He re- minds us also that Canadian = poli- tical leaders played a significant part in dissuading the British Cabi- net from renewing ithe Anglo-Ja- panese Alliance, and that out of that decision came the Naval Limitations Treaty which has definitely prevemt- ed Great Britain from exerting the influence in the Pacific which :t might otherwise have had. We are reminded that a war on the Pacific would seriously involve Canada, even though the defence of the British Columbia coast might perhaps be chieved, despite our limited 1e- sources, because of the contour of the coast and the province. Mr. Strange finds that Japan's in- dustrialization has been accompanied with an unfortunate re'ention of an internal economy, 'basically feudal" and this makes her economic _sicu- ation quite distinctive. Also, he finds that Japan produces nothing that cannot be secured elsewhere, and this renders her neculiarly vul- nerable, but if she acquires large tracts in China, this fundamental weakness may be corrected. "Where the fortunately placed nations seek markets for surplus production; Ja- pan seeks them in order to keep 2o- ing at all." Again, "economic needs point to the mainland. The army is in the saddle. The goal is China." What happens next may, Mr. Strange says "conceivably deter- mige the whole course sf world his- tory." If we may be permitted to make a prophecy, we may see arise the greatest empire the world has ever known; Japan will probably or- ganize 'China in spite of her resis- tance, then seek to conciliate her and bind her closely to herself against all the encroachments, military or financial, of those white races that have dreamed time and again of BOOKS THAT MATTER A Weekly Feature Furnished by the Assoc'n. of Canadian Bookmen and the Weekly Newspapers' Assoc'n. "yellow perils." In supporting Ja- pan, Germany and Italy have prob- ably sealed the fate of European aominance in Asia. But we have only ourselves and the stupidity of the white peoples to thank for it. We taught Japan that in a world domi- nated by occidental civilization, the final arbiter was force, and Jaran learned the lesson thoroughly. When Rabindrath Tagore, in a lec- ture at Tokio, urged Japan not to follow the iOccident in the emulation of force but rather to be true to the spiritual culture of Asia, the Japan- ese newspapers- reported that "Mu. Tagore's poetry is very beautiful, but it is the poetry of a defeated race." Then, at Versailles, the Ja- panese put President Wilson's oraca- lar morality at a disadvantage by raising the "race equality" issue. President Wilson was treed; he could not possibly carry the League of Nations so conditioned in the Southern States with its fear of Negro dominance nor in the West with its addiction to 'he "yellow- peril" scare. The Jananese diplo- mats were 'the real victors at Ver- sailles and outwitted all their rivals However, we shall learn to grant them full racial equality in time -- but too late! : "World 'Currents and Course" contains the most signifi- cant papers given last summer at the Conference at Liake Couchiching. The quality of these conferences has impressed all who have attended them, and those who heard Dr. Hans Simons and Lord Eustace Percy know that the standard set in pre- vious years is being constantly rais- ed. It is perhaps true that the vari- ous lectures have a certain lack of continuity, but it is something to have Lord Eustace Percy's great paper on "The Foreign Policy of the United Kingdom" which, Dr. Hans Simons said, was the finest expost- tion of British foreign volicy which he had ever heard. A considerable section in this book is also devoted to the Far East and Canada's stake in it, to the Europe- an scene in 1937 (being the material presented by that highly objective interpreter Dr. Simons) and to the ideology of Christian Pacifism by Rev. Leighton Richards. Dr. Rich~ ards is always stimulating, even when he fails to convince. A most valuable part of this report contains the addresses made by Leon Mer- cier Gouin and others from Quebec on "The French ICanadians, Their Past, and Their Aspirations." In bringing our --fellow-Canadians of French racial origin within the inner circle at 'Couchiching, the committee has rendered a great service to the whole of Canada, and the [French Canadians were worthily represznt- ed. : Two valuable books which every thoughtful Canadian should master and own! Dr. Dafoe, of Winnipeg, contributes the introduction to Mr. Strange's books, while Sir Robert Falconer, as President of fhe Cana- dian Institute on Economics and Po- litics furnishes the preface for tre other volume. : (Canada's A SPELLING LESSON We'll begin 'with box; the plural is boxes, i But the plural of ox should be oxen, . not oxes. One fowl is a goose, called geese. Yet the plural of moose should never be meese. You may find a lone mouse, or a whole nest of mice. but two are But the plural of house is houses, not hice. f The cow in the plural may be called cows, or kine; But a bow, if repeated, is never called bine; \ And the plural of vow is vows, never vine. If T speak of a foot and :show my two feet, yoo} ; And I give you a boot, would a pair be called beet? | If one is a tooth and a whole set are teeth, Why shouldn't the plural of booth be called beeth? If the singular's this, and the plural is these, : Should the plural of kiss written keese? Then one may be that, and the two would be those, Yet hat in the plural be hose, And the plural of cat cose. We speak of a brother and also of brethren, But though we say mother, never say methren, Then the masculine pronouns are he, his and him," But imagine the feminine she, shis and shim. So that English, I think you all will agree, - Is the funniest language you ever did see.--John O'London's 'Weekly. ever be would never is cats, not we CHOOSE THE ECONOMICAL FORD //\, HOTELS v HOTEL 750 ROOMS--RATES $1.50 to $2.50 | SINGLE 'NO 'HIGHER 9. EASY PARKING FACLMES © Ai MODERN, FIREPROOF HOTELS CONVENIENTLY LOCATED 750 ROOMS--RATES $1.50 to $2.50 SINGLE NO HIGHER