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Voice of the Press Canada, The Empire and The World at Large CANADA Lausanne Marks Time It appears unlikely that Britain's plea for complete cancellation of war debts and reparations will be accepted at Lausanne--even within the limits of the powers of that conference. The greatest obstacle in the way of final and full agreement at Lausanne is the uncertainty over the attitude of the United States. The Government of the latter country has already served notice that the Hoover mora- torium will not be extended beyond July 1 of this year. While there is a general spspicion that that attitude is dictated mc-e by the exigencies of the political situation in the United States than by determined permanent policy, it effectively precludes serious final discussion of the whole question until after the Presidential election. No one imagines that the Continent- al *European nations will attempt to resume payment ' to Washington un- less and until Germany resumes pay- ment to them. Britain has already de- clared that she will resume payments, regardless of receipts from her own debtors, if the United States so de- mands. But there is a vast difference between willingness to pay and ability to pay in the face of virtual tempor- ary world bankruptay. It is noteworthy that, while the Hoover moratorium officially ends on July 1st, no further instalments on war-debt accounts are due at Wash- ington until December. Before then the Presidential election will be over. The chief Executive of the United States will then be able to act, in ac- cord with common sense, without fear of having his action made a campaign- ing footbhall.---Toronto Globe. One-Eyed Car Traflic police are checking up close- ly on motorists whose cars lack pro- per lights. A "one-eyed" car on the highway at night is a menace.--Lon- don Advertiser. Perils of a Tanker If man can learn anything from such a catastrophe it is the necessity of eternal! visilance. The money loss is very great, but the loss of precious lives of devoted and innocent work- men, and the implied peril for the future, are of more importance, and this should not be lost on those in charge of such enterprises. The Montreal disaster, following within a few days after a mysterious explosion on a smaller tanker in Tor- onto Harbor, adds to the anxiety which must be felt by those engaged in handling such a dangerous sub- stance as oil.--The Toronto Globe. Planting Canadian Trees During the last twelve years more than 33,000,000 Canadian trees have been planted in Great Britain, most of them coming from British Columbia. -- Vancouver Province. Canada Growing The most encouraging feature about the Dominion's population figures just issued by the Bureau of Statistics at Ottawa is the rapid growth of the western provinces. The total popula- tion of the Dominion showed an in- crease of 1,586,427 during the ten-year period from 1920 to 1931, and of that total the four western provinces--Bri- tish Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba--were responsible for no less than 567,128, Quebec account- ing for the largest individual increase with 513,680.--Mintreal Star. Swat the Fly Flies are prolific, breeding a new generation every two weeks, while the offspring of a pair of flies will number 5,600,000,000 descendants in a single summer, Thus it is readily seen that by swatting the first arrivals that bil- lions may be prevented from invading your surroundings. Every Inch a King An incident at Royal Ascot, Eng- _ land's famous race-course, revealed another reason why King George is revered by all his subects. One of the King's horses won an important event, and afterward, amid the plaudits of a great multitude of his people, the Royal owner "led in" the winner. Little won * .r Kiug George is popular. He is in close touch with his people; interested in all their activities, and participating in many of them. He is the wise ruler, the wellinformed statesman, and the genuine sports man: a democratic King. While thrones in other lands have toppled and disappeared, the British Monarchy has increased its hold on the affec- tions of the people. Hence it is that when the King's horse wins a race all the King's subjects are delighted. -- Toronto Mail and Empire. EMPIRE : Empire Markets Best The foreign markets of Great Bri- tain are declining steadily. ceive ourselves by arrangi exhibitions abroad is as futile per Increasingly with the years.--Lon- don Daily Express. Industry On Trial The economics of to-day--as taught by the orthodox--are out of date, be- cause they were meant for a world situation in which famine and scarcity were the normal conditions and in which mankind was engaged in a fierce struggle against the forces of nature, Men had to save and hoard and put by for a rainy day. But now modern science and industry, with bet- ter means of transport and communi- cation, have removed the spectre of famine dnd want. The need now is to spend, consume, and thereby use up the overflowing abundance which every clvilized community can pro- duce. The test of whether our pre- sent civilization will survive depends upon our solving the modern problem of under-consumption in a world ma- terially richer than ever before. Is mankind really to sit down and starve because of lack of leadership and courage in the invisible governments of high finance, or will the common sense of the common people demand that a way out of the apparent im- passe be found? -- Commander J. M. Kenworthy in Current History. Inefficient Schools The revelation of the number of in- efficient and insanitary private schools that remain in this country made in the report of the departmental com- mittee set up by Sir Charles Trevel- yan will surprise those who imagined that the conditions of which Dickens wrote were impossible to-day. The proportion of unsatisfactory schools is not high. The committee puts it at 10 per cent. But the faults, where they exist, i ~» cfter. grave. Education that is no more than a farce and school rooms that are a menace to health still persist. -- Manchester Guardian. Foreign Travel If the French people spoke English, and had the same coinage as the Eng- lish, far fewer English people would wish to spend their summer holidays on the north coast of France. Even the names over the shops the a source of pleasure to the stranger, and the unaccustomed money tells him as he handles it that he is no longer in the dull, workaday world of the half-crown and the shilling. He is not excited by the speech of his fellow-creatures if he goes to Brighton, since he can un- derstand it; but let him go to Dieppe, and the speech of his fellow-creatures, being as a rule little known to him, delights him like a kind of kaleido- scope of sound, at oncd meaningless and beautiful. To be in a country where men are actually called "Al- phonse"--is not that something for which it is well worth braving the ocean?--Y. Y,, in The Statesman and Nation (London). Art and the Home If it became usual for persons about to furnish their houses or to decorate one or two rooms to call in a design- er or a "consultant house decorator," the additional cost would be an insur- ante against the feeling that the din- ing-room walls should not have heen painted dark brown or that something was radically wrong with the decora- tive scheme. The curtains would not then be "a mistake," and life would be worth living. -- Edinburgh Scots- man. Hitler's Success The peculiar strength and virility of the Nazi movement arise out of its connection with pre-war German na- tionalism. It is a rebirth of that na- tionalism in terms of post-war ideal- ism, or, in its degenerate form, senti- mentality. It is like a miltiarist Youth Movement, or like a "hike" that sud- denly turns into army manoeuvres. Hitler may be a fool. Much that he says and writes suggests that he is a fool. At the same time hei has hit on a kind of foolishness that happens to "come off," and he has able men round him who are determined to exploit it to the utmost.--Manchester Guardion. The Health of the Nation Greatest of all the assets of a nation is the health of the people. Health is the basis both of happiness and of efficiency. And to secure and safe- guard the health of its citizens should be the first care of every Government, Most important of all is the health of the children. For physical well-being in childhood is the essential basis of physical well-being in adult lite. It should, in any civilized community, be a tter of , beyond doubt or discussion, that the physical con- ditions of school life are as perfect as possible--London Daily Herald. a - New Irish Port is Planned The Irish Trans-Atlantic Corpora- Mr. and Mrs. Uli Richter of Munich have reached California, com- pleting another leg of their 20,000-mile flight in competition for the Hindenburg prize of 10,000 marks. They plan to stay for the olympics. July and the Animal Parasites On farms where proper precautions have not been taken to control the animal parasites, the infestations of such become very serious in July, A warm and moist summer favors the in- crease of animal parasites. Watch for the signs of lung worm (a husky cough) in lanbs, calves and pigs. Infested animals should be isolated, and given extra care. See bulletins 387 and 340, Ontario Department of Agriculture, The best protection against worm infestation, is obtained by the raising ol! the young stock on clean ground, or in clean buildings, away from older animals. Good feed- ing is important, because high vitality is an aid in protecting animals against rarasites. High vitality can only come from the liberal use of feeds contain- ing all the essential food substances. Have you noticed how young animals thrive when pasturing on good grass? Change the young stock to new pas- ture areas as frequently as possible as they like the fresh unsoiled grass and leave trouble behind them every time they are moved. Se rE SR Rome Leads Italian Cities Rome,--Rome, which for mary years ran a neck-and-neck race with Milan and Naples to decide which of the three would first reach 1,000,000 inhabitants, is now firmly established as the greatest Italian city, Milan is still close at Rome's heels, but Naples has been iderakly outdist d On' April 1, the last date for which accurate statistics are available, the population of Rome was 1,021,388; Milan, 995,598, and Naples, 844,744. ain A kAMAP-H orUJl ®t Italy Suffers Locust Plague Rome.--Large sections of the coun- try near Rome have heen devastated by one of the worst invasions of locusts within memory. The swarms cppeared simultaneously in several rural municipalities, among which Anzio, Nettuno, Cisterna and the re- gion of the recently reclaimed Pontife Marshes are the most-severely affect- ed.- Despitd immediate energetic de- fgnse measures, the crops in these areas have been almost totally de- stroyed. Rubber Traffic Posts Please Auto Drivers of Paris Paris.--Owing to the frequency with which motorists crash into iron traf- fic control posts and signals, the po- lice have devised a rubber trafic post, Struck by a misgdided car, the new post will bend without damaging the vehicle, and even if run over it will snap back into place. "I regard the inventor of this traf- fic post as the equal of Gutenberg, Pupin, Faraday or Newton," says one writer. "This kind of post should be used for marking frontiers, because it gives satisfaction to everybody, We implore the League of Nations to investigate this post, which ought to be installed notably along the Danzig corridor and the Manchurian border." Toronto Aviator Taking No Chances on Flight London.--On the flight J. D. M. Gray, Toronto aviator, plans from here to Toronto next month, via Greenland, he is determined not to freeze in his passage over the coid northern climes. In preparations, Gray sat in a re- frigeration chamber for half an hour to test a specially made cold-resisting flying suit. From this ordeal he emerged "as warm as toast." "I leave nothing to chance," said Gray, "I even have a fountain pen filled with ink that won't freeze." ------ Ship Set Record. . What is believed to be a record for discharging and loading cargo at Montreal, was set recently by the Canadian National steamship Corn- wallis, wheh discharged 6,700 tons of cargo and loaded 600 tons of outgoing cargo for the British West Indies in forty-two hours. Australias Camel Corps. Holds First Reunion Since World War Sydney, Australa.--Australia's mem- bers of the Camel Corps, who took part in the desert campaign against the Turks during the World War, have held a reunion, the first since the force was disbanded in 1918. very fine Toronto Cricket Club grounds at Armour Heights furnished the "terra firma." This is the third visit Ontario has received from a tour- ing Australian team, but in view. of the coming of Don Bradman, holder of the world's batting records, never before has such tremendous interest and enthusfasm been manifested. To accommodate the anticipated re- card attendance for a cricket match in Toronto it was necessary to set up stande which provided seating for ever 5000 people. Substantial parking area adjacent to the grounds, without extra charge, special bus service con- 'necting with Yonge Street cars, re: freshment marquees and every pos- sible provision toward catering to the large concourse on hand, if only to see the world famed Bradman bat, was included in the preparations for the stellar event. The most picturesque personality in the brilliant group of Australian cricketers to be.seen during the On- tario tour is, of course, Don Bradman. Regarded in American sports talk as the "Babe Ruth of Cricket," his great- est achievement was the amassing of 452 runs, not out, in 450 minutes, two years ago, when he was but 21 years old. Already; he has created six world's batting records, a dozen test match records and in the refilm of first class cricket he is credited with a score more. The "crowded firmament of cricket" has never before displayed 50 meteoric a rise in sheer brilliance of batsmanship as this youthful visit or from the Antipodes who as a mem ber of the "goodwill tour" team, hail- ed as a happy band of ambassadors, is also enjoying his honeymoon on this continent. The limelight which has been fo- He ls a uring the victorious tour of England in 1930, and both as a sound bats and brilliant fielder (at "mid off" or "glily point") is incomparable. To 'summarize the special accomplish- 'ments of the remainingsmemb HEE of | even a i in: the present agri rogram for Morocco is fo-mation of fruit orchards. The de- sire is to make another California in French North Africa. Cultivation of oranges, plums, figs, apricots and al- monds is growing fast, At Agadir, b "are being tried, and 'it 'tural p 'the team, Kippax is the "stylist of the cricket world" who bats magnificent- ly and bowls quite effectively; Me- Cabe, only 21 years old, is an out- standing "all-rounder" who can score quickly and bowl in deadly fashion. 'Carter, the wicket-kepeer, is the vet- 'eran of the group of players and still an uncanny artist behind the "sticks" as well as an audacious batsman, fleetwood-Smith and Mailey are, re- spectively, left hand and®right hand bowlers. The former is making, it seems, a name which the latter has already achieved for "googly" bowl- ing. Messrs. Tolhurst, Nutt, Ives, Rofe and Carney are the lesser lights on the team but they have each per- formed prominently in inter-state cricket. : # After the two matches in Toronto, the Australian team journeyed to Guelph for the centenary celebration of the Guelph Cricket Club on July 4th and to St. Catharines, where they play two days on July 6-6. The balance of the tour takes them to Montreal, July 79; Ottawa July 11-12; and there after to New York, Detroit, Chicago, Winipeg, Regina, Moose Jaw, Saska- toon, Edmonton, Calgary, Vancouver and Victoria, The tour will be concluded In Cali- fornia, where Santa Barbara, San Francisco and Hollywood stage matches from August 20 to 28. On the R.M.S. Monowai the team embarks at San Francisco on the return trip of 7000 miles to Sydney, Australia. Cuba's Earthquake * Record Havana,--The Island of Cuba has suffered 229 earthquakes since 1551, only five of which were destructive in any appreciable degree. All of the five occurred in Santiago de Cuba, capital of Orient Province, in 1578, 1678, 1776, 1852 and 1932. Eduardo J, | Montelieu, Chief Engineer of the Bureau of Mines, informed a meeting of the Academy of Science here. Two tremor zones exist in Cuba, acoord- ing to Senor Montelieu; one in the western end of the island, where tre- mors are slight, and the other in Oriente Province, in the extreme east- ern end. --ly . To Revise Mexican Laws Mexico City.--President Ort{z Rubio has advised the Chamber of Commerch of Torreon that the governments of the states of Hidalgo and Vera .Cruz have been notified they must revise their recently enacted expropriation laws. ---- The Smiths Still Lead The most prominent family in the United States apparently maintains its numerical suprematy in about all departments of human activity. Not only does it use more telephones, but it holds more public offices; according to recently published evidence. In the second edition of "Who's Who In Gov- ernment," which has just appeared with biographical data on more than nineteen thousand public office hold- ers in the United States, the Smith family is tlie largest on the public pay- roll.--Providence Journal. tion, Ltd, has been registered as a| public company fn Dublin, Ireland, with the object of constructing at Galway Bay, or eldewhere on the west- SF Sout of Ireland, eep-sea ; #2 a ph port suitable | Guard Fish Streams Against Pollution Dominion Fisheries Inspectors on Watch to Prevent In- jury to County's Fish Life .. Sawdust has its piace, but not in streams frequented by fish, and part v the work of fisheries inspectors under the Dominion Department »f v.ters in their respective territories are not polluted with mill refuse or other substances injurious to fish life, But how does sawdust, for instance, do harm to fish life? 1t has evil effect in two ways: By covering spawning beds it prevents the hatching of live fish from the eggs and, in the second place, it kills live fish by getting into their gills or breathing apparatus. Other kinds of waste--for instance, seepage from certain classes of indus- trial plants--are also injurious %o fish life. It is because ¢: these injurious consequences upon natural resources which it is so important to conserve that the Department of Fisheries re- quire that its officers in areas where tke fisheries are under federal admin- istration shall make careful inspection of mills, etc,, along streams frequented by fish and check any operators who may thoughtlessly be allowing saw- dust or other refuse to fall into the water, Steps of this kind are of im- portance from the standpoint of fish- eries conservation, and conservation is essential in the interests of commet- cial fishermen and anglers alike, In most cases where refuse from an industrial establishment is reaching a fish stream the condition is willingly and promptly remedied by the opet- ator when the fisheries 'inspecto= draws it to his attention. If this dows not h pen; h yp tions may be instituted under the Fisheries Act which provides that "no person ghall saute or knowingly permit {o pass into, or put or knowing; permit to be put, lime, chemical Bo ' Fisheries is to see to it that such looks as if the experiment will suc- Gharb, the Chaouia and Berkane, All this needs a good deal of water, and 80 a large dam is being built between includes the making of a large lake some ten square miles in extent. This dam is intended to irrigate some 500 square miles of the Cherarda and into fruit orchards. SPANNING SAHARA, 'The Sahara is now spanned by twin highways, one in the air, the other on the ground. The airplane and the tomobile have d desert journeys once thought almost insuper- ably difficult and dangerous. The French have built tracks and aerial landing grounds all across the Sa- hara, so that it is now possible to travel from Algiers to the Niger safe- ly and in reasonable comfort, either by air or by road. Moreover, the auth- orities are gradually converting the desert motor tracks into modérn roads. These may be the forerunner of the trans-Saharan Railway, although it looks as if the Diesel engine will prove the actual conqueror of the des- ert. - Several heavy lorries, with Die- engines running on fuel oil, have ! successfully crossed the Sahara. Some | of them completed the return journey fueling, as the Diesel engine needs comparatively little fuel and water. LEGIONARIES AS BUILDERS. Visitors to Algeria often see men of the French Foreign Legion at work along the railways near Tlemcen and Sidi-Bel-Abbes. In her Foreign Leo- gion France has a cheap and efficient labor force. Owing to the present eigners are flocking to the Legion, and its numerical strength has been large- ly increased. Its efficiency, too, has been increased by a good deal of combing out, and the adoption of a higher physical and mental standard for legionaries. Most trades and pro- i are rep ted in the Le- gion, and many of the new legionaries are skilled mechanics who will event- ually find their way into the engineer and pioneer companies of .the Legion. These companies were formed in 1922 by Marshal Franchet d'Esperey, chief- 1, for work on railway constructidn in North Africa. Thy are destined. to begin . building the Trans-Saharan Railway if the politicians can make up their minds about it. LOCUSTS MUST GO. It is very good news for North Africa that the breeding places of the desert locust have been found in Africa between the tenth and eleventh parallels of north latitude. Regular- ly every year these pests take toll of the vineyards and crops in Algeria and Tunis and Morocco. Large sums of money are spent annually by the various government in anti-locust campaigns, but it has long been rec- ognized that the only way to 'succeed is to carry the war into the enemy's country. To do this international co~ operation is needed to discover the regular locust breeding grounds. Hap- pily France and Italy and Britain are taking united, or at least co-ordinated action; and research is going on in different parts of Africa. » Tou, Ed Chinese Use To Do Fishing Sow of making their fishing easy. In some tiops they breed and train cormor- or drugs, poisonous matter, dead or d leterious substance or thing, whe- ther the same is of a like charactar to the subst; d in this secti 3 a sob, in-any water frequented by | | Cecaying fish, or remnants the {mill rubbish or sawdu t or any St y ants, a web-footed bird similar to the pelican, to do the fishing for them. When they come to the surface the fish are taken from them as woolen strings tied ely around their throats prevent 'the fish, After the | cided that they have em from swallowing cced. Then, too, early vegetables are - being grown in the plains of the Petitjean and Meknes. The scheme Beni-Hassan plains and turn them from Algiers to the Niger without re- / widespread unemployment, many for- © for Them it The Chinese fishermen have a way . The birds dive beneath the water and seize fish in their hooked bills. 3 3 i ot