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"Be Just to Great Britain" don Says American Journal (From Christian Scienca Monitor.) ccora ng to a statement issued by Acco the British. Government, a debt ment was made arly this week pH pnt of that nation to the United tates Treasu of 34,339 000. of this amount 928,000, 000 is for repay- ment ol principal, while the balance represents interest. Since the fund- ing >f che British war debt. that na- tion has paid to th» United States $1,285,750,000, of which $202,000,000 represents repayment of principal. Rougi:ly speaking, therefore, - Great Britain has paid the United States as interest something over $1,000,000,000. * If one is interested enough to look up the Treasury figures regarding these payments it will ba found that' Great Dritain jays in interest ap- proximately 3,306 per cent. The rates vary during different portions of the sixty-two-year period in which the in- debtedness is to be discharged. It will be learned at the same time that France puys appruximately 1.640 p.c., of incapacity to pay. It urged no Si siderations of war-time fellowship in a common undertaking. Animated by that sense of commercial honor which may fairly be ascribed to the British public as a whole, the British Govern. ment cheerfully accepted its obliga- tions and entered into an agfeement with the United States for thir dis- charge. As a result, the spectacle is pre- sented of Great Britain paying on its obligations to the United States a rate of interest more than double that paid by Belgium or France, and some- thing like eight times as much as that exacted of Italy. The reward »f com- ! mercial honor Joes not seem io have i been quite adequate. Today innumerable plans are being proposed for the utilization of the sums paid to the United States as in- terest on the war dabts for various purposes advantageous to the coun- although France is now recognized as' the most prosperous nation of Eur- ope, if not indeed the most prosperous nation in the world. Belgium pays. 1,790 per cent. and Italy, the last of the whilom chief allies, 0.405 per cent. It is needless now to go into the' justice of these different rates of in- terest charged against the former as- sociates of the United States in the World War. tries making the payments. America is asked to repeat to a degree its bene- volent gesture toward China when the whole amount of the Boxer in- | demnity was remitted, the revenues to be employed in the education of Chi- rese students. Doubtless a certain un- rest on the part of the American con- science is responsible for the sugges- tion of like action with reference to war indebledness, and probably ir They were fixed at the time out of that will proceed some time of the various refunding agree- | measure for the revision and perhaps ments in accordance with what was lessening of the nation's claims. believed by the representatives of the United States to bé the capacity of the debtor countries to pay. The British agreement alone was not affected by any such conditions. That nation, first of "all, approached the United States with the proposition to fund its debt, and assumed honor- ably the staggering burden of inter- But pending that general action, it would appear to be a proper recogni- tion of the honorable action of a worthy ally should the United States now reduce the rate of interest charg- d on the British debt to that, let us say, paid by France, There seems to be no just objection to this proposition, while innumerable considerations jus- est payrients thereon. It made no pleai tify such action. Lay Traps For Prey Many Varieties Lure Insects by Fragrance, Catch Them in Snare and Devour Them (By Marion Fairfield Nickell, in The New York Times.) There is a group of plants now at the Ne 7 York Botanical Garden which are cloaked in beauty and innocence, whose fragrance and honeys are a lure to all kinds of tiny insects. But their appearance and attractions are only a snare and a delusion, for they are carnivorous, and the bit of animal life which yields to their spell is caught in a trap from: which there is no escape. These meat-eating plants have been gathered from all parts of the world. Here are' bright green Venus fly- traps, thumb-nail size, with cruel, sharp spikes along the rims of their two-lobed leaves which are always ready to snap, together, to crush and to devour unwary flies. As soon a3 edible prey comes in contact with the of the three filaments placed in the form of a triangle on each leaf, the dinner bell is rung. Like super- intelligent burglar alarms, they get instant action. The spikes interlock rat-trap wise. There is no escape. These treacherous Dionaeas come only from Eastern North Carolina and | are strictly American in design. Their youngest leaves are the hungriest, covered as they ara with minute glands of a red or purplish color which have the power of digestive absorp- tion. Active only in warm weather, Venus fly-traps have certain food pre- ferences, béetles coming before caviar. "Tall darlingtonias also, with leaves curled in mottled, maroon heads--our | 4 largest = native pitcher-plants--are here. Fabulous tales formerly were told of darlingtonia when first discov- ered in the mountains of California --that this pitcher catches the larger animals, not confining itself to insects; that rodents, even young rabbits and baby deer, sometimes are its victims. 'SNAKE-LIKE DARLINGTONIAS But botanists say the plant has been falsely charged. The greenhouse clusters at the New York Botanical Garden are much too slight for such voracious feats. Even the tenderest and the youngest darlingtonias, though, i ave a menacing aspect with their curling, transparent green heads, forked green flaps resembling fangs-- the whole looking like the heads of poisanous serpents. The largest darl- ingtonias are but two and a half to threa feet long. American pitcher-plants, or sar- racenias, sometimes known as hunts- man's cup, are characterized by ver- tical pitchers, usually with a flap pro- jecting over the top. The stalk, grow- ing directly from the soil, is short. Most of these pitchers, which jump the dry desert regions of the Wes, are found east of the Mississippi from New England to Florida. They like the bogs and swamps, growing best apparently, under evergreens, The trapping apparatus on all the piteher-plants is essentially the same. First, there is a long, hollow, folded leaf-stalk, whose lower portions, form-. ing the actual stomach, have the di- gestive glands 'and juices. Above a smooth, shiny surface, very steep, very slippery. Further above are min. ute ha'zs po sinting: down. And around | _ tha pitcher's brim 'are honey glands | to attract snd 'eo intoxicate their ft | prey. Meat-Eating Plants garden?" asks the pitcher of the fly. "Now, will you walk into my Tall, slender lily-like, yellow flava , from ["lovida sre seen at the green- i house of the Dotawec:l Garden, as are sunning little warcon parrot pitshors £0 "rom that State--springine in ra:attes, They grow about two to thr2e inches long. Then, too, there ar» purpurea, so called from their red- dish purple shape--medium-sized -- perhaps a foot in length, and native to New York, but also met from La- brador to the Gulf. Our North American pitchers show a curious seasonal behavior, going . through the same routine as hibernat inz animals, remaining dormant in the cold weather. Tropical pitchers, on the other hand, are active all the time, ever on the alert for prey. Like all plants, also, the pitchers have a day and night behavior, the breathing ap- paratus or stomata that open in the day to take In carbon dioxide and to give out oxygen--just the opnos'ia of man--close at night and ive out car- bon dioxide. A PLANT OF THE JUNGLE. South American pitcher plants, al- though separated from their cousins by salt water and with no near rela- tives within 1,500 miles, are probab'y related to the northern varieties, bot- anists say. Most are found in steam- ing jungles and in the hot lowlands on one isolated mountain. Mountain | Roraima, near the borderland of | Brazil, Venezuela and British Guiana, | says Dr. H. A. Gleason, curator at the Botanical Garden, who has made a special study of this variety. Here, high up, above a 4,000-foot level of forest, the heliamphora, mean- ing "pitcher of the swamp," was firs} discovered in 1840. The only place it has been cultivated for long outsido its native habitat is the Botanical Garden of Edinburgh, where it never feels a temperature higher than 60 egrees, and whre it has grown con- tentedly for half a century. Specimens of this South American pitcher-plant are to be seen in the herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden Museum. Again, two of the more modest varieties of nepenthes, the brilliant, showy Asiatic pitcher-plant often used by florists are also found in a conservatory of the Manhattan insti- tution. Awake and ready, these pit- chers, green with maroon trimmings, swing vertically on tendrils from firm, glossy leaves, their tiny trap-doors in- vitingly open. Crimson, pale green, and richer, darker reds--these Oriental plants grow well in their transplanted state. rr fe Merger of Canadian Chemiets Ottawa.--Significant of present-day manufacturing trends and a matter of direct.concern to all Canadlan process industries, numbering more than 85, is the step taken by Canadiafi chem- ists and chemical industrialists who, meeting in Ottawa, merged existing Canadian chemical socleties to form for the first time a nation-wide federa tion, the Canadian Chemical Assocla~ tion. This association will be com cerned with development in all the chemical industries, with scientific and technical education and scientific research, and its membership em braces such varylng manufacturing methods as ceramics, foodstuffs, dyes orm. | and textiles, J. R. Donald, of Mont- real, chemical engineer, is president, and J. Houston Wilson, of Toronto, secretary. Client: PSERRERY SRE "Yes--never mind that. ws 'probably my husband's first wife, I know all about her." Doctor of Literature i Miss Evangeline D. Edwards, teacher at school of oriental studies, London, England, is first woman upon whom an English university has conferred the degree of doctor of literature in oriental Inuguagey. Radio Trains Those who travel by the 10.10 a.m. train from London to Leeds, or by the 65.30 p.m. from Leeds to London, are able to while away the hours of the ! journey by listening to broadcast pro- grams, Every carriage is fitted with sockets connected by wires to a receiv- ing set in the guard's van. On pay- ment of a quarter, a pair of telephones cin be hired from the train attendant. All the passenger then has to do is to plug in and listen, The receiving set travels in a pad-| ded wooden case to protect it from | jolts and jars. The aerial is a wire | 30 feet in length, suspended over the roof of the van ing the first ex- perimental run exce tion was obtained. One point noticed is that the strength of signals dies down consid- erably when the train is passing! the earth acts as a screen from the pwireless waves. eed Autos in Make-Balieve Some old roller skates, an empty wooden box, a couple of tin cans and | perhaps some paint or crayon are! enough to make the speedy foot- | driven automobiles that are popular with New York's street urchins. The | skates are the wheels; the box is the body; the cans are used for head- lights: Color makes the car more gorgeous in appearance--If not in the most approved taste--and sometimes a real hand-worked horn, or tiny siren, 1s employed to clear the way. With such contraptions, boys tear through the streets regardless of the competition of taxicabs, ------ o>» - Flu Epidemic In Britain Sweeping Over Country London.--The wave of influenza which has been sweeping England and Wales, became more widespread last week, according to official figures made public on Feb. 19th. Deaths from influenza increased during the week by 125 as compared with the previous week, totalling 456 in London and the great towns. The number of deaths since the first of January was 1,685, against 434 for the same period last year in the same towns. There were 116 deaths from influ- through a turinel'or a deep cutting, for) | area enza in London alone last week. Miners Offer To Sell Diamonds For a Quarter Georgetown, British G'iana.--Tales of rough diamonds selliug for $3 a carat and the sellers being unable to find a willing purchaser, even at that price, are being brought here by dia- mond miners returning from the rich Mazaruni and Cuyuni districts. , The steamer Basra arrived here from Bartica with 264 starving. min- ers aboard, all of whom had been evacuated from the affected region by the government, The miners reported that storekeepers in the mine fields refusd to pay for the diar:onds even in food, or if payment was made in food tke diamond miners were unable to earn more than $2 or $3 a week. Prices quoted by shopkeepers in the diamond fields are reported by miners reaching here to range from 26 to 60 cents for a quarter carat stone on up to $7 for two-carat stones. Formerly a quarter-carat stone sold for 36 and a carat stone brought a considerable sum. As a result, hun- miners are now reported to be deserting the mining region for the coast, and the government has arrang- ed for free transportation from Bar- tica to Georgetown. 3 0! me etm #3 te 600 Miles of Bread Eaten By Londoners London--If the total bread loaves known as half-quartern, were placed end to end tha 25,000,000 eaten in London weekly, would stretch 600 miles. London imported, in a year, nearly 1,500,000 tons of wheat and 218,000 tons of flour In addition to home supplies. To augment breakfast supplies over 140,000 tons of bacon and hams and 73,000 tons of eggs came into towns and 160 tons of butter were added to what was received from home farms. Australia, New Zealand and South America provided 660,000 tons of chilled and frozen meat as well as 111,000 tons of dried frult, currants and ralsins, In response to the "Eat more fruit" campaign London took from over seas 621,000 tons of green fruit and vegetables and canned goods. These purchases, amounting in all to nearly 5,000,000 tons, take no ao- counts of such foodstuffs. as cocoa, rice, sago, honey, jam and marma- lade, Old World Charm Quebec city: can rival any European medieval city for narrow and quaint streets, ag witness this glimpse of the fortressed town, New Speed Records 11931 May See Many Japanese Revere English Seaman World is Gripped by a Conse The people of of Gillingham, Kent,' for Speed The world is speed mad. Britain' cannot hope to retain the world's speed records without challenge, for skilled engineers all over the world are determined to wrest them from us this year. Capt. Malcolm Campbell made an attempt to beat Sir Henry Segrave's record of 231.362 miles per hour, and | Australian motorist has announced Yiis intention to try to win the honor for the Dominion. The world's water record, 98.7 miles an hour, set up by Sir Henry Segrave, is to be challenged by Kaye Don with Miss England II, the boat in which Se- grave lost his life, In aviation, many countries hope to beat the 357 miles per hour achieved by Squadron-Leader Orlebar; an at- tempt will be made to fly higher than the 41,704 feet attained by W. Neven- hofen, the German; and three English- men are likely to make an effort to fly round the world in record time. United States airmen hold the record at the moment. They flew 27,000 miles in 236 flying hours. Several swimmers will try to beat the record English Channel time of 11 hours 5 minutes, held by G. Michel. Both universities have ambitions of improving on the Oxford record of 18 minutes 29 seconds for the Varsity boat roce.--From "Pearson's Weekly." Russia Organizes Work On Island of Sakhalin The Soviet Union, through its newly | organized Company for the Develop- "ment of Sakhalin, is proceeding with the exploitation of that island off the east coast of Siberia. The company is now colonizing 10,000 new settlers, mainly builders, miners and fisher- men, recruited from various parts of the Union. These colonists have raised the population of the island to about 32,500. Special attention agriculture, lumber and the fishing in- dustry. Four large State farms are being organized to produce potatoes | and other vegetables as well as meat and dairy products. Until now these articles were mainly imported from Vladivgstok. In the lumber industry, the company has begun the construc- | tion of two large mills, a veneer fac- tory, a barrel and box factory, and a tle mill. In the fishing industry the 1928-29 output was more than quad-| rupled in 1929-30. Preliminary operations for the ex- ploration of coal and oil deposits on the island are now being undertaken, and some mines are being prepared for exploitation. Other developments include the construction of about 900 | miles of dirt roads New British War Plane Attains 194 Miles Per Hour | tal London made on Feb. had been completed of a new type of fighting airplane which may re- volutionize alr combat, Although the machine single seater biplane, it carries six machine guns, 'controlled {in unison and firing a cone of lead converging a few hundred yards ahead of the ship. Two guns fire through the propeller, the others are set om the wings. Four 20-pound bombs also are car- ried by the fighting craft, which has a surface ceiling of 26,000 feet and a sustained speed of 194 miles an hour, is only a rrr Qs New Feed Product Fort Willlam, Ont.--What is report- ed to be a new and valuable feed pro- duct commonly known as oat groats {s being manufactured at Fort Wil- liam at the rate of about 100 tons per day. Through the use of new ma- chines the oat groats are made by hulling mixed feed oats. These hulled oats are sald to contain about 16 per cent. of protein--almost equal to mid- dlings--and to carry higher percent- ages of fat and lower percentage of fibre than do middlings. -- The Census Ottawa. -- Preparations are under way for the taking of the 1931 census of Canada in which some 15,000 field workers will visit every Canadlan home and take note of the number, sex, religion, nationality and other details of the occupants. The Do- minion Bureau of Statistics, which has the work in hand, will also require the services of soma 700 clerks to sift out and compile the information gath- ered. Examinations are being set to test the capacity «! applicants for such clerical work. a Better Grain Toronto.--As an id towards the production of bette. :rain at a cheap- er cost, 'the Ontaric Government, in conjunction with the L'sminion Gov- ernment, are offering farmers of the province assistance in the installation and equipment of power seed-cleaning plants. Hon, T, L. Kennedy, Minister is being paid to Official announcement was | 22nd that secret tests | are endeavoring to raise funds for a memorial to a famous son of their county, who was the first British sub- ect to settle in Japan. Not only that, but the Japaness have made him a god! He is a recognized Japanese divinity, and a "fast day" has been dedicated to him. A street in Yeddo li is called after him. | Pilot Major William Adams was {one of the most romantic seamen ad- | venturers of his-day, though his name is unknown to the average English- man. Indeed, it is a source of be- wilderment to the Japanese that the people of our country have not made some signal recognition of him long before this. He was beloved by the Japanese during his life among them, and be- came a friend of the reigning emperor. When he died, a tombstone on a beau- tiful hill near Hemi, a suburb of the thriving seaport of Yokosuka, was erected in commemoration. -- From Pearson's Weekly, i Visiting Crusoe's Island London. -- Twenty-two fortungle British schools ys are shortly to set foot on the most famous of of the world. This is Robinson Crusoe's island, which is one of the ports of call in the sixth Public schools Empire tour. The tour is to the West Indies and British Guiana, and another of the memorable sights which the twenty- wo will see is the famous Kaietenr Waterfall. As a result of these Empire tours numbers of young men have a much more vivid idea of the meaning of Em- pire--and can 'help to make others realize it as well. A somewhat similar scheme, design- led to promote Anglo-American friend- ship, is now being started. Fifty Bri- tish schools--boys', girls', and mixed -- | have been paired with similar schools | in the United States and arc exchang- ing letters, photographs, school maga- zines. It is hoped that eventually ex- changes of teachers and pupils w also be pessible.--*Answers." ni en Predicts Televisicn Will Be General In 1933 : Toronto--Radio television will probably become the general thing in 1933, D. E. Replogle, Acting Director | of the Jenkins Television Laborator- ies, Wask ton, told the Toronto In stitute of Radio Engineers in the Uni- inside of a n receiving | vy dealer's store," ha said | ro stations are 'ts, and having set manufacturers, and vear there will be televis sets in eve Already stations broadeasting eq nent in- | lecture, which discussed the d aspects of television, was also del vered to the Toronto Motion Picture Projectors' Asseciation, Soap-and-Water Baths Now Urged for Plants Plants, like young children, should be washed with soap and water, ac- cording to the Colorado Agricultural College, which recently has found this treatment effective in ridding house plants of certain insect pests. A soft brush or cloth may be used on plants with strong leaves. Plants too tender for this treatment may be inverted and the stems and leaves thoroughly doused in a pail of soapy water, * EE Cows Brought to School For Children's Observation Los Angeles.--The Board of Educa- tion has discovered that 25 per cent. of Los Angeles school children have never seen a cow, and 50 per cent. have not glimpsed a calf, But the board is attending to it. Each day a big truck snorts away from adjacent Meadowland, bearing one cow and two calves bound for pub- lle schools. WIide-eyed puplls stare at the strange horned creatures, and learn all about milk and steaks and things. a le - - Silver Hours Coma, lovely Morning, rich In On Iron, wood and glass; Show all your palns to silverglld Each little blade of grass. frost Come, rich and lovely Winter's Hva That seldom handles gold; And spread your silver sunsets out, In glittering fold nn fold. Come, after sunset; come, Oh come-- Your clear and frosty Night: Dig up your flelds of diamonds, till The Heavens all dance in light! ~W. H. Davies, In The Observer. all the' small islands dotted about the oceans' versity of Toronto Mining Building recently. "This fall will see enoug vision | bro: adeasting on the air to rest the of Agriculture, announces that assist- ance will be given In the form of grants amounting to 60 per cent, of the invoice cost of cleaning machines, plus freight to the local station, the grant not to exceed $500, ey an' chicken bofe am sho' costin' a heap jes' mow." "Huh, it ain't de cos' ob fowls dat worries me, hit's jes' dey scarceness." Milk Unchanged By Freezing Milk that has frozen and thawed may be a cause of concern on the part of both producers and consum- ers because of its altered physical structure. Consumers are likely to believe that such milk is of poor quality because of its watered or di- luted taste, yet the milk is of exact. ly the same composition as when fit | came from the cow, and its nutritive value remains unimpaired, according to R. G. Connelly of the New Jer- sey Agricultural Extension Service. The small white specks in thawed milk, which also arouse the con- sumers' suspicions, are nothing more than casein, a part of the milk pro- tein, which has been precipitated by freezing and thawing. When milk freezes the cream line is reduced and consumers find am other cause for complaint. In these cases the eye deceives, since the ao | t tual percentage of butter fat in the milk remains unchanged despite am j apparent reduction in the volume of :am, Mr. Connelly says. This is ause the butter fat globules form in closely compacted clumps as the { milk freezes. [ Products who sell the basis of butte observe wide variations in butter-fat tests during the freezing weather, This is because that part of the milk which freezes, while consisting large- ly of water, also may contain a largé their milk on fat content may [amount of cream. Unless this cream is thoroughly distributed throughout | the milk as it is thawed before teste ing for butter fat, inaccuracies will result, Mr. Connelly says. Varia. | tions in the test are also caused by j the. engulfing of small clumps of butter fat globules by casein parti- cles. It is for these 1 ons that | froze n milk should be entirely melted {and mixed thoroguh'y by pouring from one container to another before making a test for butter fat, he con- cludes - aioe A. mmm | Influenza Helps British Mills; -| Cotton Handkerchief Sales Up | London--Even influenza does some | good. The epidemic of {nflienze has | caused a mild boom in the cotton in- ' dustry, it was stated recently at 'White City," where the cotton tox. tile section of British Industry is | ding a fair. "The sale of coton handkerchiefs | has leaped up by thousands during | the present iufluenza outbreak," one | exuibitor declared. "The demand for men's handkerchiefs has been 50 per cent, greater and the demand for women's, too. Women always scrap J Sheet own handkerchiefs as soon as they catch a bad cold and borrow a | sensible size from the men folk." | France t to Raze Ancient | Algerian Fort as Obsolete 1. Oran's ancient $ stole walls and tows wwe looked out over the Medi ean for mora than twenty cen- has been swept aside by the of warfare. 'liament has passed g that the picturesque old fort hills back of thls city is obsolete, so the antique struo- ture is to be razed. Since the early days of the Roman occupation, after the wars against Carthage, the fortress has played a part In the defense of this city. The Moors of the Middle Ages used ft as a base for their invasions of Spain, --p en Blue Jays in the Snow A lovelier thing I do not know Than blue jays flying in the snow, Junco, with your ashen breast, Nuthatch, with your steely crest, Little firendly chickadees, { Crying in the cedar trees; Crow, that never seems so black As upon a Winter track; ' Did you see them going by, whose la bill déclarin on the | | ! = 1e ren | Like small bits of the blue sky, Hidden now behind something Dusky gray like a bird's wing? ... Now my faith i3 strong agaln In dogwood and in cyclamen, And I believe in irls now, And flowers on the applq bough, Aud under the great drifts of snow { see the pale butus grow, Although the wind !s loud and cold And all the es look Yard and old. ~Louisa Driscoll, In "Garden Grace." Relics of Romance There ars many romantic relics im the exhibition of Scottish antiques whioh was opened recently in London. Many women visitors find the baby clothes of Charles I among the most interesting of the exhibits. They In clude a little cap, which might quite well be worn by a modern baby--thres centuries haven't changed this pas ticular fashion so very much. The child who wore the baby clothes was to go down in history as the "Royal martyr," and his fate Is re called by another relic--a crystal locket which contains a clot of blood taken from his scaffold. Other ine teresting exhibits Include the fired Bible printed in Scotland and Sig Walter Scott's own edition of "Waw erley." Naturally, there are many relics off the Jacobite risings, and the as & whole makes some of the stirring and picturesque days of tory coms to life again, a ir A Ce + Tg sph TA