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but not less than 5,01 The slaves still to be emancipai * than the negroes emancipated by the 'proclamation of President Lincoln. | Even within the British Empire there are survivals, of slavery, one of which --that in Sierra Leono--is provoking Seriquy controversy. China and Abyssinia. By RE The 'chief piavenolding, countries whith it 1s estimated that th 2. 000,000 persons are held in: hondage, It 1s only fair to add that in China Eid 'the evils the less serious of the two. 5, Her slaves are probably but ome in| 150 of the whole national population. In Abyssinia the slave is numerically es one in five of her inhabitants. Slavery \s so u that one Government 1 Cantonesse--has thought it well to = apply the term "adopted children" to women captured or sold into bondage. it we ignore the camouflage, however, we can hardly doubt the statement that China's chronic dissensions and - the resultant confusion of authority have been favorable to the traffic not only in opium but also in human be- ings. The very fact that the muni cipal authorities of a city like Fat- shan have issued an crder prohibiting - the direct sale and purchase of slaves is significant. L A Abyssinian Ruler Opposed. According to Dr. Thomas Jesse Jones of the Phelps Stokes Fund, Ras 'affari, Regent of Abyssinia, is per- sonally opposed to the-.deep-seated slavery that prevails throughout the country. But the Regent has to ad- mit the evil, nor is the evil confined to<Abyssinia itself, The one-African State that has survived into modern times as an independent sovereignty {oo is to-day the stronghold not only of the slave owner but also of the slave raider and the slave trader. The markets are still open and a British colony like Kenya has to pend $200,000 a year in protecting x the nations from bandits whose base : of operations is the ancient Kingdom of Ethiopia. In recent years many thousands of Africans have been ab- oS ducted by Africans under the cruel conditions associated with the old- time slave gang. The record of Great Britain as an agent in the suppression of the slave trade has been excellent. Within the last few years the Maharajah of Le- pal, her ally, has emancipated 83,000 of his subjects held in servitude, and in Burmah. slaves to the number of 5,000 have been set free at a cost of $16 apiece. In mandated territory around Lake Tanganyka, no fewer than 185,000" slaves, taken over from German sovereignty, have. heen liber- ated. The. Slerra Leone Brobjom: But in 'Sierra Leone Great. Britain herself has been caught napping. Her territories in that region are held in part as a protectorate over native chieftains who are responsible for th actual exercise of authority. These chieftains, ruling over villages, claim | 8 right over slaves which fesembles mewhat the ownership of serfs by feud udal landlords in Europe. During thirty years of sovereignty Great Britain has acquisced In this piri law. Precisely how many are held under it cannot be said. bow r. The highest is 215,000. er figure is 150,000, 'of whom one-third, or 50,000, have freed them- selves by marrying their masters' daughters, But at the lowest esti mate there are 100,000 human beings held as chattel slaves in a compara- , vey obscure "province of West Afri To "End. in a Generation. the year 1927 are more numefous | are China and -Abyssinia, in each of It 'meant 'that suddenly Great Britain, in this twentieth century, has been confronted by the very problem of the fugitive slave which Harriet Beecher , Stowe dramatized in {*"Unele Tom's Cabin." A recaptured slave appealed to the courts and charged his master with assault. It was, of/ course, a test case, 'and in the lower court the slave won. But on appeal the \Supreme Court of Sferra Leone, by the vote of two Judges to one, decided against the slave, the decision stating that "reasonable force" might. be used to Tetaks him, At present this is the Ww The dissenting Jndge! did mot mince his 'words, He said; + "Slavery is. repugnant to matural Justice, equity and good conscience. and the Court should not support the Institution in any shape "or form, whether the Legislature expressly forbids it or not." Present Status Untenable. Sir John Simon, now 'regarded as Great Britain's foremost lawyer, has stated in trenchant terms that the case cannot be left where it now rests. There 18 no question here of the contented slave, considerately treated by a kind and indulgent mas- ter, and with no desire to obtain a greater freedom. The slave is not contented with his lot when he risks lite and limb in a dash for liberty. The issue so raised affects not only 4 the British Empire but also Great Britain's position on the League of Nations. That the decision of the two Judges will be challenged in Par- liament goes without saying. Indeed, it may be taken for granted that the Government will itself anticipate such criticism. * Jhroughout Northern Africa and the Near East there is a good deal more, of slavery than is usually real- ized. In Egypt, where a negro em- ployed let us say at a hotel need only go to the police station and claim his freedom, the, servitude has been ameliorated until it is scarcely -dis- tinguishable in many cases from per- manent occupation. In the Soudan slave raiding has been stopped and the system 1s to be regarded only as a lokal survival, more obvious in some districts than in others. Checked But Not Stopped. From Turkey, Momcco, Tunis and Algiers the sensations of slavery have been perhaps eliminated but the thing itself has still to be completely eradi- cated, The hideous massacres of the Armenians left many thousands of survivors in a state of slavery, from which some have been liberated by the efforts of sympathizers in West: ern countries, ~ but there are many who have not been thus rescued. Hence the importance of the fact that by the convention of "St. Ger- main, signed in 1919, it is declared that "slavery in all forms"--a very far-reaching and significant phrase-- shall be suppressed by the signatory powers. This may be regarded as the Magna Carta of the world, now rapid- ly developing into a new era for man. kind, A mere declaration of principle is Mot, however, enough. It was the Irish orator, John Philpot Curran, who sald that "eternal vigilance is the price of liberty"--a sentiment which he repeated more than once, This is the principle that has been applied by the League of Nations to the abolition of slavery. Not only has there been signed at Geneva an anti-slavery con- vention which has been ratified by more countries than any other con- vention adopted hitherto, but further, by a provision wisely inserted at the suggestion of Dr. Nansen, all coun- tries where slavery exists must report annually to the League and state how far suppression has proceeded. Slave Trade Continues. . 'With. slay as with armaments, a distinction to be drawn between the by a country and the traffic Sapam countries. It is"not 'quite certain, whether the League of Nations has been as successful in the slave trader the igve; inst 'the , Which includes the 188 8 corollary, was not | ors at Villacoublay airdrome. MAMMOTH AIR CRUISER'S BOW France 'has a new armored battle plane, which was shown for the first time fo the American Legion tisit- It is claimed to be the first of its kind, carrying guns and armor plates. Edinburgh. -- Great interest was aroused in Edinburgh when it became known that Sir Joseph Dobbie, a well known Edinburgh oitizen, had been elected president of the Burns Fed- eration at a meeting held recently at London.--The Prince of dressed the American a luncheon given by pire Service Langue Legion and at whi Wales ad om tish the British and ich he p the ided. T! as fol "| Derby. Sir Joseph Dobble ia aff Ayr- | full text of the spfech was ollows: shire man, and, which makes it seem | "Although it is my p: rivlegs 12 patron particularly fitting, was born at Allo- [of the British Pd i the British way, the scene of Tam O'Shanter's midnight revels. Sir Robert Bruce, in his retiring ad- dress, said that Tam O'Shanter would probably have found himself in un- congenial company now at the annual federation luncheons for these, for two years now, had been run on a tee- total basis. Sir Robert attributed the change of custom in some degree to the fact that women were now mem- bers of Burns clubs, and had even formed clubs of their own, but he claimed that the federation policy had been the chief factor In lifting the cult out of its old reputation-- that the annual celebrations were more concerned with drink than with Empire Service League to preside at this, to us very memorable gathering and to propose two big toasts, the King and the President of the United States, which I am about to propose. I hall Jeave the more important speeches to Earl Halg and Lady Ed. ward Spencer-Churchfll. They both do a great deal of hard work for the British Legion. It may be that I am more the fellow who travels about and gets the 'hand.' For this reason then I must not be mean and say too much ahead of them, but I do want person- ally to welcome you all, our comrades in arms from the United States and the members of the American Wo- men's Auxiliary most heartily to our There is servitude for debt. There is contract labor. A Daily Reminder America and France have thelr ? |devotion to the "immortal memory." "The cult," he sald, "is now mov- ing forward ehoulder to shoulder with all these other agencies that are tofl- country, That so many of you have paid us the compliment of including Great Britain in your visit to Europe In fact, with the whole world sub- jected to a rapid material develop: ment; in which old customs are every- where yielding to new conditions; with knowledge everywhere exercis- ing an authority over ignorance; with strength everywhere controlling weak ness, there are all the elements avail able for the elaboration of a slavery in the future not less oppressive than the slaveries of the past. What does make a difference is the fact that for the first time there has been sét up a world-wide organization | that is immediately sensitive to the appearance anywhere of these abuses. It has no power to abolish them, but it has the power to expose them to the light of day. The most influential of nations can be brought to the bar of international opinion and can be agked to explain its treatment of its humbler citizens. It may be, hoped that this initial right of information, if firmly maintained for a few years, will become an effective guardianship, strong enough to prevent the grave wrongs by man to man which too often have stained the pages of social history --N. Y. Times. eternal flames which by their clear light keep alive the memory of the sacrifice of the war dead. It is less commonly known that in England a daily ceremony similarly pays tribute to secrificed manhood. Every morning at eleven oclock a solemn ceremony is performed in Can- terbury Cathedral. A selected recruit from a depot of the Buffs, East Kent Regiment, at Canterbury, goes to the Warrior's Chapel In the Cathedral, i where rests the "Book of Life." This ibook contains the names of the men | of the regiment who lost their lives in the war, and the young soldier rever- ently turns over a fresh page each day. Referring to the "Book of Life" at a special memorial service in the "Cathedral, the Dean of Canterbury sald recently: "It is a very beautiful and deeply cherished possgssion, and we in the Cathedral welcome with all our hearts this daily turning over of a fresh page in that 'Book of Life' by a picked recruit from the Buffs' Depot." ~The Outlook. ee es # By doing this job well. I'm just a common workman Drawing down a common wage, But I'm happier than lots of men 'Who occupy life's stage, I give a day's full measure And when that day is done, I'm happier because I know My pay was fairly won, Somehow I haven't time to moan My lot with al! the mob, I guess I'm tuo darned busy Doing thoroughly my job. And something tells me in my heart I've found the magic spell Of happiness, success and peace S-------- Debased Drama Melbourne Australian: No one would dream of claiming for the aver- age New York plays of the moment the redeeming virtues of-thought or art, . They frankly exploit, for box- office purposes, primitive curiosity and emotion. . There is no doubt that people. that we are reaching after. our international relations. 'coming yet for a' that. As evidence since the days has been some apprehension it does with spates of word of standard English, ing for the social amelioration of the It is the realization of the poet's ideal, that brotherhood of man, We want that among ourselves in Industry; we want that socially; we want that in And it is Just think how the poet would have been thrill ed by that part realization of his dreams in the League' of Nations." of the spread of the Burns cult, at Canberra, he said, the new capitol of Australia, it was pro- posed to erect a memorial to the poet. "We have had amazing evidence of a Scottish literary revival, and never of Fergusson and Burns has there been so widespread an interest in the vernacular. Among good friends of the movement there lest broadcasting should become a serfous menace, flooding the country dally as the spoken Personal- ly 1 have not looked upon broddcast: ing in that light any more than I have regarded the dally newspaper as a and the battleflelds is, I can assure you, very much appreciated, Memories Recalled. "I do not believe many of you have been back in Europe since you were over with the American Expedition- ary Force. What wonderful memories and also what sad memories those battlefields must have stirred within you when some of you visited them last month, They must have remind- ed you very vividly of those days when you came over as our comrades in arms to help us in the darkest days of the greatest crisis Europe has ever known. Then during those days you found us without either heart or means to show you that true hos- pitality which is our traditional way of greeting our friends from the oth&# glde. Now eight years later you come as our guests, and I can assure you, you aré as welcome in that way as you were when you were soldiers, and what is more, we are going to do our best to rival the warmth of welcome. which we know your convention re- ceived on the continent. We are very proud of our Legion over here, just in the same way as you are proud of Jealousy Jealousy is a characteristic of little- ness. The biggest and the best men always think of the business as a menace. On the contrary I believe that we might eventually get very considerable practical assistance in our campaign for the preservation of a knowledge of the vernacular from the theatre reflects and reacts upon popular. standards and tastes, and that its conquest by such productions will have a bad effect more particular- yours. Legion Stands for Much. "The British Legion stands for a whole lot in this country. It stands If He Didn't Go Too Far. Motorist (halting at curbstone)-- "Won't you take a little ride with me, girlie?" "Girlle--"Well--er--yes--if you don't go too far." whale and welcome helpful sugge stions from any quartér. The jealous executive in a large enterprise is to- day a misfit. It js-a mistake for any brainy man to shrink from offering worthwhile recommendations because of fear that Jealousy may be incurred. If you havé an idea you are certain is useful, don't be afraid to speak up. Alwas, however, consider the feelings of others and act with due regard to their sensibilities. But act. Make the well-being of your organization the paramount consideration. ----ee i n---- Japan and The U.S.A. 1 Providence Journal: The record of -------- offers you six nickels in payment you will be within our rights by refusing to accept it and in demanding its equivalent in silver because twenty- | five cents is tite limit in nickels as' legal tender but if someone wants to' glve you $5 in nickels you can use your own judgmert, SP -- EE I-- EA iS S "ADAMSON'S ADVENTURES"--By O. Jacobson. If a man owes, you thirty cents and cans and to Japanese that the commer- the last few years, moreover, must bring increasing belief both to Amer!- cial and financial ties which bind the two nations together are becoming so strong that no disputes over the racial or the naval question or" any other 'diplomatic controversy are likely to impair a friendship that deepens year Jy _upon the more susceptible mem- | y,;edcagting." for sacrifice and it stands for com- bers sof the public~those in whom radeship, Those are two wonderful the sway of reason and principle is re ss A ee not strong, the young, the uneducated, and the thoughtless. Many question whether such plays do not deserve to be classed with indecent films or post- cards. Their motive and their effect are the same. Ouch! Orange is scoffing at everybody." Banana--'Mr, always after year, = Pear--"A regular mock-orange!" 85,000 U.S. Tourists About Liquor Permits, . Says Report County Automobile Club. mates "conservatively" that these ed Windsor only. majority of the tourists scenic beauties is made by the organ- cently, "Only five per cent. of the visitors asked how liquor permits were obtain- ed, and about one per cent. actually fore starting out on their trips," the report asserts. The statistics showed Ohio, Michi. gan, Illinois and Kentucky lead in the number of automobile tourists, in the order named. There were a number of visitors registered from Alaska. Peace of Balkans * . Again Disturbed Assassination at Prague of Albanian Minister Causes Anxiety London--The peace of the Balkans has again begn disturbed by an as- Bias, e Jugo-Slav-Bulgarian ferment over the murder of ners} Kovachevitch had barely subsid when recently at Prague Teena Bey, Albanian Minister accredited to both | wygng. Jugo-Slavia and Czecho- -Slovakia, was assassinated. Despatches reaching Londow sug. gest that Tsena Bey's assassination might be due to the tension between Albania and Jugo-Slavia, which recent. ly caused European anxiety, also hinted that the incident might be connected with the Macedonian move-. | ment, Entered at Windsor Only Five Per Cent. Asked Detroit, Mich.--During the summer months, following repeal of the On: tario Temperance Act, more than 85, 000 automobilp tourists from the Unl- ted States visited interior Ontario via the Detroit-Essex route alone, accord- ing to statiscis compiled by the Essex The club, which has charge of is suance of automobile touring permits to aliens passing into the interior of the province through Windsor, estl- 'tourists spent more than $2,000,000, The automobile tourists are estimated to have numbered less than a tenth of the total non-touring aliens who visit The interesting observation that a tabulated were attracted to the province by its ization in its report made public re- bought beer or whisky in Windsor be- things, and they became almost in- stinctive during the war, especially at the front. They just scemed to haps pen in our dally lives, but, believe me, they should be part of our daily life and thought, just as much now in peace time and forever. Surely ons doesn't have to be at war to be fight- ing an enemy and killing people to realize how essential those two things are, but in competition and the strug- gles of ordinary routine. life we are all, from whatever country we may come, apt sometimes to forget sacri- fico and comradeship. We shouldn't do so. "So much for what our two Leglons can do within our own countries. Now I belleve that the same thing applies to our relations, as American gnd Bris tish, as one country to another. If outward circumstances seem to have changed ongthis your second visit, the spirit in which we receive you most certainly has not. "We of the British Legion never have, mever will forget the links which those hard days of the war forged between our brethren from the United States and ourselves. It is the duty of the great English-speaking nations of the world to see to it that those links do not become a mere sentimental association, fo see that they remain and continue always as strong and practical ties, to unite us in the big task of maintaining the peace of the world which is realizing that continued peace is absolutely necessary for its very existence, If we use it in the right way, we should in the years of peace be able to repair a lot of the havoe which the war brought to so many of us." . reer The Hero of Hohenzollern! Berlin Morgenpost: (The patronize ing tone of the letter in which the ex. Kaiser congratulated President Hi enberg on the occasion of the unv ing of the Tannenberg memorial, is deeply resented). The heroic spirit of Tannenberg to which the ex-Kaiser appeals has absolutely nothing in common with the state of mind in which 'William the Second and his son made for Holland in those days, A Kaiser who, fn August, 1 gave the injunction to fight to the last breath of man and horse, and who in the darkest hour left the my and hp fu a er was NERNEY not the But wah phrases on the Tem = people, = "Memories are al rit i live It Is lifting tg keepin