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BE y Jos Eo hot and the cold winds which er a poultry range during late U er and early fall, will do consid- erable injury'to the young birds, and 80 shade and protection are very es- sential. The late-hatched chicks must be rig- idly culled in the fall. It is probably best to sell all the cockerels as broil- oy as soon as they reach broiler age. earlier hatched cockerels make larger and more vigorous breeders in our experience, sspesiall if they are to be mated with year-old hens about the _ first of January for early hatching eggs. We do not like to keep late- hatched cockerels into the cold weather except for home use, and even those are out of the way by the Christ- mas holidays. The late hatched pullets need severe culling to remove every bird that will not stand a show of laying by the first of January. "There is no money jn keeping under- | size pullets over winter when they are physically unable to lay until well along into the next spring. A Mediter- ranean pullet should be in a laying condition at six months of age and the heavier breeds should lay at eight months, There. is no use in trying to make them lay before that * age as they _ need that. much time to reach their . natural development. If they do not ay by that age, there is something : Safest Investment CANADA'S 62% n Vi Due 1922, 1927, 1937 PRICE 99% AND INT. Nesbit Thomson & Company * Ynvestment Bankers, Limited tile Trust Bldg. Hamilton 1222 St. James Street Montreal ~ FARMERS Big Prizes Fe , THE . TORONTO FAT STOCK SHOW will this year offer large pre- miums for classes of 8 steers; must be fed ninety days by owner. . rs to Premium List ready August For further particulars write Union Stock Secretary, c/o , Toronto, SMOKE TUCKET TS JORINOCO AGARET TE i = Hi giiite fir gggi chicks as cheaply as possible. - it results in underfed stock. the kind that never pay for the little that they do get. The wunderfed late-hatched "pullet is bound to cut down profits. ~ They are suf- ficlently cut already. : ---- pen QI hry Dehorning Calves. Many dairymen object to the horns on dairy cattle, and practice dehorn- | Mothers and daughters fall department. n las a 1 just before she letter, n" here is a better chance then sta 'and envelope is | to get some money back that has been ~~ Address all correspondence for invested; the calf is worth something. Woodbine Ave. Toronto. And then again she can be taken care of and one can get the full benefits, ® th Mrs. E. C. C.: To remove freckles try the following lotion: bismiuth sub- nitrate, 2 drams; unguentum simplex, ilk flow, enough so that to get her to| 2 ounces. Mix and apply to the skin do her best, one would have to wait & night, and remove in the morning, until she freshens again. previous to washing, with a little cold If one buys a cow that is fresh or cream. When troubled with chronic about to freshen there is less chance €czema, one should avoid fats, that she is an aborter. Purchasing a starches and coffee. To ease a pinch- cow that has had her calf for some ed finger, plunge it into water as hot months, of one that has had her salf 38 can be borne, as this will lessen the which will develop, that the buyer!just sold (?) makes the risk of getting Pain and prevent the throbbing. makes the mistake when purchasing. a cow that has abortion greater, Once _ Roxina: There is no excuse for ic- There seems to be only one way that | abortion gets into a herd, it is hard to, IN cakes at all now. Every day we one can protect himself when he is get it out. There is no test for abor- are being reminded more and more buying strange cows; that is to know | tion. It sometimes takes years to get buy from a reliable owner the chances Party all the better if you make her cheap it does mot pay to take &|are lessened, but one cannot be too Understand that in having a cake with chance getting an untested cow from ' careful. {no icing she is adding her mite to the strangers. And then, if a cow is sold] When one buys a cow that is perfect food supply of the little French and too cheaply, then is the time to sus-|in every way, that is the time to "look Belgian children. pect that there must be something | out." She may be a "sucker," or per-: Picnicker: No, you cannot take wrong somewhere, or she would not be ' haps she is "breechy," that is, jump, sandwiches to your picnic. It is sold cheap! | fences like a deer. - Or maybe she will | 8gainst the law to serve them in the One thing that T always do when I kick you off the seool when she has middle of the day am looking a eow over that is for sale, to be milked. houses and exactly the same applies is to feel her udder all over. I Really, the only right way to build | to. picnics, teas and all other enter- bought a cow once that I neglected to up a herd is to raise your own stock | tainments. ! do that to; and after, getting her home from.a pure-bred bull. Then you| Farm Girl: All I can say in answer I found there were lumps in her udder. know somewhere near what you are to your question is--eat more fish! While I never have had any bother doing. But to go out and buy a good Don't get cheap fish and fish that is from them, I do not think that it is | cow, now-a-days is a "game of cheap mixed up in your mind. There ly. Unless one is getting a cow very | |is a considerable difference. Too many Initials only will be lished with means of identification, but cil name a ad Write on one side of paper only. : forcibly that sugar must be saved.! that the cow has been tested recent- it out of a herd. Of course, if one can Your little girl will enjoy her birthday, in public eating, ing the cattle they are to keep in their, Well to buy a cow with such; they may , chance," even to the experienced. | | women associate "cheap fish" with! ctory Bonds herds. The horns are of no value, and may be a source of injury to the cattle themselves and to the care taker. J In the case of pure-bred cattle in- tended for show purposes it is advis- able to leave well-shaped horns on the animals, as the horns add to the appearence of their heads. In some develop into something serious. A scheme that I have when I want I do not remember of ever reading to buy a cow is as follows® I go into in any book about trying a cow's the barn of the owner of a cow that teats, to see if she milks easy. Iis for sale. I look her over carefully have learned that to have a hard milk- and let him tell his story. I feel, er, is trying on one's patience. So 1 though, that he is selling the cow that always try each teat to see if they he thinks is the poorest in his herd. I are easy to get the milk out of. {look over the other cows and ask about Of course, there are supposed tobe them. Generally I can find ope or upon whether or not they have horns. In dehorning dairy animals the de- crease in milk flow is not $0 great as commonly believed. In the case of one herd of 25 cows in milk which were dehorned, the milk flow was low- ered for three days, but after this time became normal, and at the end of the first week after dehorning was slightly higher than the previous week, as shown by the daily milk sheet." The greatest difficulty in de- horning is getting the animal secure- ly tied. : For this purpose a strong chute or cattle stocks should be used. It is best not to dehorn cows heavy in calf, as they may injure themselves in the chute. When the animal is securely tied the horns can be taken off by means of a special horn clipper, or sawed off with a sharp saw. In order to get a well-shaped poll and to insure against the horn growing again, one have a ring of hair when it is re- moved. cases Sales of animals might depend, should so cut the horn that it will. ways to tell how old a cow is by look- "two that look pretty good to me. The ing for the rings on her horns. The chances are that they are the ones first ring is supposed to mean three that he does not want to sell. Then I years and each other one represents Teel that if he wants to keep them another year. But there has to be they must be all right and I try to get more or less judgment used with this him to set a price. I try to buy one method, I have found. Especially if of them. Even at a better price, they the horns have been broken or worn a are generally worth more. Ireason lot. Then again, there are many cows', that the seller wants money. He that are without horns. I always look ! picks out the poorest tow to sell, as at the front teeth, which, if nice and cheap as*he can. If I offer a good even, I would be more apt to feel that price for a good cow and he needs she was not very old, as old cows the money, I may get a good cow rath- sometimes have teeth that are well er than take chances on the cheap one. worn off or broken. But with all|I have succeeded many times in get- these ways to tell, one must do a lot of | ting nice animals by trading this way. "gizing up" also, one old farmer told | I would rather pay more and be sure me he did when he bought cows. Ido'than take chances and perphas lose. GOOD ROADS SAVED FRANCE. State of Highways of Importance Both in War and Peace. Good roads have twice saved France in the present war. for the radiating road system main- tained by the French Government, the Wise Brother Billy. Should the animal bleed | too freely, this can generally be Successfully stopped by using pine tar and cotton. It is best to dehorn in the early spring or late fall, thus avoiding the danger that flies may cause to open wounds. A more simple and humane method is to kill the horns on the young calf by means of caustic potash or caustic soda. ' This will also give the cattle a better shaped head. In using this method the calves must be treated before they are two weeks old, or at least while the little button-like growths are still very small and soft. GPoulin's Chickens of a size should flock to~ gether, else the larger and stronger because the "survival of the fittest" is a law which aeperatés among chick- ens that along in'the summer, when young stock has been a considerable er should cull out the small, inferior, unthrifty birds. There are always such in a flock of any size. He rive at the expense of the weak. It Sports and games and exercises; period on free range, the poultry-keep-| should give them a coop and run by, |themselves and feed them fairly. "It is not likely that any of these, Brother Billy shows no liking ! the d j f "hiking"; For the dusty juve o feing"s the. Marne and reached Paris. The Germans had calculated on only three divisions being sent out from Paris to stop: the invasion. Instead, the ex- cellent system of highways made it possible for five divisions to be sent to this front. Again, shortly after the battle 'of Verdun started, the French railroad which was to furnish many of the sup- plies to the troops was destroyed. The French Government, however, had a macadam road 32 feet wide on which four limes of traffic, two in tT et through | either direction, were maintained. Day But Fug, york, and must gel g and night 14,000 motor trucks carried A men and equipment. Do you think him odd and silly? The traffic never stopped. wro ur brother Billy, 2 hole was made in the Toad a man [len you ng Yo Tother y i! with a shovelful of rock slipped in : i | between the lines of trucks and threw 1t js not that he despises the rock into the hole, then jumped aside to let the trucks roll the rock | His condithon's not alarming-- down. i Then Saather man would : ' $Ner: 'ollow his example, and so on until the a js simply that he's farming; hole was filled. Trucks that broke And his garden--see it yonder?-- down were shoved aside, and repair- i 3 1 ed almost instantly. Had the French Truly iis quite. a wander! depended on their railroad or on poor highways the Germans would have won the battle. There are few places in which good roads will win great military victories. But there are many places in which ! Never do you hear him wishing That he had a day for fishing. Rarely do you see him straying | Where the other bayg.are playing. On the ball ground you will find them, ! But he does not seem to mind them. | | When the others talk of tramping Into woods remote for camping, Billy says, "I'd like to do it, He began it in the Maytime, And it's giving him a gay time. Not a single weed is showing Had it not been| Germans would have won the battle of | | something unpleasant. As a mat- ter of fact, through the efforts of the Canada Food Board, fish of the most excellent quality is now being sold all gver the country at extremely low rates. In Toronto demonstrations of the best means of cooking fish are being put on all over the city. This | example might well "other parts, eat fish. In the year 1883 a London publication contained the following: "This country has got to be largely a fish-eating country for many years to ! come and the fishing industry is go- | ing to be the great stand-by of the na- tion." years ago, how muck truer it is of be followed in, More and more will the! people of Canada be called upon to, If this was true of Britain a5! are cordially invited to write to this ch question and its answer must be given In Answers will be mailed direct if nclosed. is department to Mrs. Helen Law, 233 behind European countries where her animal herds are concerned. As a hog producing country she raises three hogs. in comparison with Germany's fourteen, As a cattle producing coun- try she raises six head of cattle os (against Germany's sixteen and as a ' sheep-raising country she produces |two sheep only as compared with Great Britain's fifty-two and Austra. lia's fifty-eight. But when it comes *o fish no country ~ {in the world has a better supply. It takes time to make people realize this, however, Well-Wisher: Couldn™ you get the local women's organizations stirred vp to inaugurate a community canning centre in your district? It is as- tonishing what can be done when wo- {men get together and make a dead set at some object. Working under the Department of Agriculture in the United States are no fewer than 1,160 trained women who are in the homes of the farmers, teaching them better ways of living and showing them new methods of conservation. Last year these women taught 1,900,000 women and girls how to can and dry vege- tables and fruits. Something of a similar nature might be started in Canada through the agency of the Women's Institutes or some similar organization. Already this body has volunteered to help any community desiring to start a canning centre, as far as Ontario is concerned. The) 'article that appeared on this page last week, entitled "Canning With a Conscience," will show you what can be done to preserve garden products. Of course it merely in- dicates various phases of the canning situation. Full and authoritative in- formation may be obtained by writing to the. Canada Food Board direct for copies (5 cents each) of the new il- lustrated booklet dealing with can- | ning and drying vegetables; or to Mr. | Geo. Putman; Superintendent of Wo- men's Institutes for information about No time to be 1 { community canning. | Tost! Canada to-day! Canada is a long way FE), Ay INTERNATIONAL LESSON AUGUST 4. Lesson V. Christian Growth--Luke 2. 42:52; 2 Peter 1. 5-8. Golden Text, Prov. 4. 18. Luke 2, 42-52 Verse 42. When he was twelve years old--We have no knowledge of [the life of Jesus front his infancy to "this period. At' the age of twelve I the Jewish boy was called "a son of "the law" and began his instruction in the law as to worship, fasting, and the like. It was therefore quite in | place that he now should go up with is parents to the great feast of the Passover, which was one of the three important festivals enjoined by the | law of Moses (Pentecost and Taberna- | cles being the other two). It was the ' educational effect of these festivals which was so important to the grow- ing boy, for in them were crystallized much of the real essence of the Jewish faith. After the custom of the feast --Meaning that 'they followed the / When custom of the annual attendance upon | this feast. 43. When they had fulfilled the days--Seven days, according to Exod. 12. 15: "Seven days shall yet eat un- , leavened bread." The boy Jesus tar- ried behind in Jerusalem; and his par- | ents knew it not--Here is a picture of | the usual mode of traveling to the feast--in caravans, neighbors and friends moving freely back and forth, and the children probably getting to- gether in groups, among their Tela- tives, as they traveled. Thus, as Luke tellé us, the parents supposed their boy was somewhere in the caravan | and_did not worry about him. | 45. Returned to Jerusalem, seeking "for him--A lost child was a serious yf ested and can be marketed p; PE x meat hia 4 | tinuous process in preparation for market. wri mrs-- either pullets or cockerels, will be Where the corn and beans are grow- suitable to keep for laying or breed-! ing} ing purposes, but they will unless! diseased, grow. under the treatment Not an insect, crawling, leaping, = Where the little vines are creeping; Culling should be a persistent, con, Byery bed is kept in order, the first year. Under- Trimmed and graded at {fe border. pen, and crippled: ch % % 32 y marker 2 ¥en She day is dark and rainy, or the: ® Tr lainy. lly never gets complainy. g per agent ick noted. crippled hens! a ' a because A Tt.is just the thing I nesied nough to eat in com on! F ion bed I seeded!" grb Fe Un ve hena : mall eggs and few Eyhry si of The hey ve not ay to, Never has a thought of shirking; i- | . on le ' Here and there you'll see him going, ~Misshapen birds usually be € ere y ee eiclontics In the Weeding, watching, thinning, hoeing, produgtive functions. = Culls of these oy stling sometimes Tip . sorts should be penned by themselves Wisi] Mary, Quite ny: aE : And his eyes are bright and snappy, one do or Sag, when, For his heart is very happy. ) g as! : "as would manure applied at the Wise he is, T hold,--not silly,-- groomed fi % day he's working-- , | 'of the roads is a significant factor in \ ward. they will win great victories in time affair, especially at this time, when of peace Whenever a crisis--mili- | great crowds thronged the city. It tary, economic, or social--occurs in was an anxious and sorrowful time ife of ity, th dition ' for the parents, who doubtless pictur- the life of & CON i an ed the disasters which might have be- fallen him. 1 | 46. After three days--According ta the Jewish mode of speaking this pro- bably means on the third day. Sit- ting in the midst of the teachers-- We may conceive of him at the feet of a teaching rabbi, sitting in their cir- cle. But to conceive of him as on an equality with the teachers is not in accordance with the text, since the Jeport, would | Bo} have Nmited the = ! tion of the child to the "hearing an The Toronto Fat Stock Show, who | asking." The auestioning here is of are running an advertisement in this the pure and holy desire for know- fssue, have been steadily adding to | ledge, not that of a guest joining in their premium list, and this year are the conversation. offering a prize for the best carload | 47. . Amazed at his understanding of cattle in A few months | and his answers--They were the re- th owl. v more feeding might land this for one | an 'son of the ers. / 2 . 4 OO The ct i Diewiu | ination and Spiritual perception for a auction sale of prize winners would | "48, Were aston hed more than recompense him for the 'why hast thou thus deal | determining whether the community will go up or down, forward or back- The community with good | roads is the community that will de- liver the goods when the necessity comes. TORONTO FAT STOCK SHOW. with us?-- had not told WR warerays, Teper PY additional time and feed required. ~ | A natural rebuke that he |law," as indicating unusual discrim-! them of his wish to remain behind and also a picture of the absorbing interest the boy had in the discussions over the law. 49. Knew ye not that I must be in my Father's house--Literally, "in the things of my Father?" "Why did ou have trouble in finding me, when ere would be the natural place to look for me--where my Father's af- fairs were concerned?' i | 50. They understood not™the say- ing--Thus his first appearance at the feast was a marvelous revelation to | them of something extraordinary in + him. 61. He went down with them, and came to Nazareth . was subject to them--Here, after all, was the nor- mal boy, not puffed up with conceit but considerate and obedient. On the so-called' house at Nazareth to- day is read the Latin phrase '"sub- jiciebat parentibus"--"He was subject unto his parents." His mother kept all these sayings in her heart--Here, evidently, was in Jesus a conscious- ness of divine sonship, the expression of which his parents did not under- stand. 2 Peter 1. 5-8 . Verses 5-8. Adding on your part all diligence, in your faith supply vir- tue--Faith as an attitude of the soul is to have certain elements of positive strength in the progressive develop- ment of the Christian character, Vir- tue--The word means literally any eminent endowment or quality. In lone version it is used of God to de- | note his excellences (1 Peter 2. 9) and in the Septuagint is used also to set forth the splendor and glory of God (Hab. 3. 3). Applied to men it means moral excellence, such as purity, mod- esty. The term "virtues" is thus used by the old philosophers to de- note the distinguishing excellences of a man. Peter says in effect, Let your faith be associated with noble qual- ities of mind and heart. Knowledge --This signifies in general intelligence and understanding but here refers to - moral wisdom which is seen in right living. Patience--The characteristic of a man who is unswerved from his deliberate purpose and his loyalty to faith and piety even by the greatest sufferings. Godliness--A reverent attitude toward God and a life con. formed to divine ideals. Brotherly : kindness--The love which Christians ' cherish for one another as brethren; the social bond which connects us as children of the heavenly Father and bers of the family of God. Love ZInadequately translated "charity" in the Authorized Version. While we are to have a special regard for the "brethren," the characteristic of love is to mark our relations with all mankind; an attitude of good will. and benevolence and kind considera- tion for men generally, . If these ' things are yours and abound--An idle ' or unfruitful life is impossible if these | great qualities mark your tan character, for they. inevitably indi- ! cate the spirit of Christ-and a grow- ing knowledge of him. ea tn. When a black dress becomes stained and spotted try sjonging it avith some strong cold tea. This should cause the blemishes to entirely disappear.