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¥ - - e -- WINTER CARE OF BROOD SOWS. cow-peas. Some farmers think that hogs will not eat hay, but this belief ey eat alfalfa with/a Those who are alyeady engaged in swing production, and,persons just be- ginning, will have to practise the strictest economy in feeding and man- agement during the toming winter, if they expect to be in the business for any length of time. = Hogs ean not make use of large amounts of roughage. They utilize sug , pasture and, when fed grain in ition, make profitable pork. When winter. comes and pastures be- gin to run short, the feed bill begins tom up. To keep breeding sows in excellent physical condition so they can produce strong, healthy litters, they should be kept on pasture when- ever possible, and given some grain in addition. When the sows are put into winter quarters they may safely run in herds of quite large numbers. Plenty of run for exercise and sufficient space at the feed troughs without crowding is very necessary. The gestation period of sows is approximately 114 days. A record should be kept of the date on| which each sow ig bred. Two or three | weeks before a sow is due to farrow she should be taken away from the rest of the herd and housed and fed in a separate pen, where she can be- is wrong, for thi relish. ed with alfalfa hay all the time. A sow that is too fat is clum her pigs and generally mashes of them. A thin sow w farrow a delicate litter tha be raised to weaning time.' TA ed. row her pigs. sows is corn and alfalfa hay. will answer if it secure corn, feeding sows to produce strong pigs. can be fed dry or in the form of a slop ment. : | have known the, Build a rack and keep it fill- Sows that are developing a litter| must be fed liberally, but not overfed. condition of flesh is all that is rgquir- Concentrated grain feed withgut the necessary bulk often constipates a sow and she is unable properly to far- A good ration for wintering brood Milo maize, barley, rye or frosted wheat is impossible to Farmers who have win- tered sows by feeding them legume hay and grain claim it is not only the cheapest but also the best method of The small grains should be ground or cracked before they are fed. They When any of these grains are fed in combination/with alfalfa hay it is not necessary to feed a protein supple- If clover or the other hays jollity with holly and ev n 3 aT a 3 o i : piness of youth even in homes hy no ravages will it be this year? x A little less exuberance, holly and evergreens as before, a table with the lavishness of other years at modified, but still the same - joy | abounding among the boys and girls in Canadian homes in city and coun- With the people of France, Italy, Belgium and Serbia on rations, with 5 the boys and girls in Great Britain ng less and less of confection- L&ry and more and more of plain and there will be such a lavish'supply of sweetmeats in Canada this Christmas as in other years. : Does it mean that there will be no Christmas candy? May we not send any to the men at the front? Must the boys and girls at home have a candy-less Christmas? We are ask- ed only to use a little ingenuity in the combination of fruits and nuts, and of lasses, maple sugar and raisins. We can eat all the candies we want with a clear conscience if we eat those made sugar. sible and the varieties of candies which can be made, without the use of cane or beet sugar, are numerous. Human beings need sweets. * Can- dies are wholesome when eaten in of war--how| conf corn candy either honey, maple syrup, molasses, white cane syrup or corn Syren ) may be used instead of sugar. | To one op of syrup allow. one table- until Te A shandens when dropped in cold water.. our over freshl * corn and mold into mas tree. Little rn men, will please the children. Mark in the fea- tures and outlines with melted choco- restricted diet, it is not likely that|late "Crystallized Fruits.--Use' your own preserves. Peach, pear, apple, e or watermelon rind will do. Drain from the fruit all syrup possible. ' Cut | any size desired sprinkle with sugar {and dry in a very slow oven. It may ! be necessary to sprinkle the fruit | again with sugar during the d { When dry enough not to be at all | sticky, sprinkle with sugar and pack | This fruit may be used for dipping in bitter chocolate for bitter-sweets. Bitter-Sweets.--An attractive vari- Use for this purpose dates, citron, candied orange peel or crystallized fruit. Melt unsweetened chocolate in a double boiler, Keep the chocolate ' just warm enough to prevent solidify- y popped. 4 balls or fancy shapes for the Christ-{ You may be sure '8s a means of Idi letter. : d and | Woodbine } 'Town Lass:--One very jolly way of | entertaining guests at a holiday party is to let them trim ere is no around trimming a 'Here are some games that will | "break the ice and keep it broken," , even if you do not care to have a tree- trimming party: Er | Christmas Cobweb; Distribute lit- tle comie Christmas {of a web of string. Start the web from the center of the room, like the parlor table. There are as many | strings to the web af there are guests |at the party. At the end of each | string is tied the gift. = The strings sweetmeats made from honey, mo-|in layers with wax paper between... twisted together and placed all | over 'the room. There is no end of { fun in trying to untangle them to get to the end and to the gift, which, of from other things than cane or beet' ety of candies may be made by dip-| .,urge, makes fun of some character- Chocolate is quite permis-' ping sweet fruits in bitter chocolate.' j 4 of the person. ' If any of the | members of the party are suspected of | being engaged, be sure to have their string twisted together and leading into a bunch of mistletoe. Observation--Make from scarlet net the Christmas tree. 1 s | and Jou aut young persons to | table, Christmas tree. of vors by means pought in cheap reprints: Goose Com ; Aesop's Fal tory Land, by Elizabeth I Qutlodk Fairy Book; -- The Wma Really True; The Hand of Never Was; Just So Stories, by Kipling ild Animals I Have Known, by Thompson Seton; Alice in Wonderland, by Lewis Carroll; Children's King Arthur; Ww ter Babies, by Chas. Kingsley; Lenpis : Tales from Shakespeare; Child's den of Verse, by Louis Stevenson. 2. Here are the recipes you ask for: Caramel sauce--Melt a cupful -of su- gar in a saucepan that has not been scorched. Be careful that it dees not purn. It must be watched every sec- ond. Add three-fourths of a cupful of boiling water and let it simmer for fifteen minutes. When cool stir in just mentioned are fed, it is better to feed tankage or oil-meal with the corn, milo maize, rye, barley or wheat in about the proportion of one to ten. Two pounds of this feed for every 100 pounds live weight of the sow is suf- ficeient. Such a ration insures strong, come acquainted with her surround- ings and can farrow her pigs undis- turbed. A sole grain ration is expensive and is not the best for the sow. Every feeder should supply all the green feed he can. It can be furnished by moderation. There is a movement on ing. With a silver fork drop pieces y 3 foot in the United States to display of fruit in chocolate, See that each ® huge Specimen of the mas in the shops only such varieties of piece is completely coated, then re- StoC ne stu i we wi th ol candies as are made entirely or largely | move to waxed paper to harden. | nes ad Som on H ings ga pi from other ingredients than cane or| Fruit Paste.--Put through the meat aroun A : us... ang jb IB ve beet sugar. People who are unpat- chopper enough cherry, peach or Sag 0 3 e fuss 5 peney ne Paper Hotic enough to want the latter may quince preserves to make a half-pint| 8nd let thers all come and loo: 2 H18 a teaspoonful of vanilla. Strong cof- fee may be used instead of the water to increase the flavor. A half cupful of chopped nuts can be added, too. Lemon sauce--Mix three-fourths of a cupful of sugar; two fesspoonfyle g feeding alfalfa, clover, soy-beans and GC Pouiry7s| Between Christmas and New Year is a week that the ordinary man takes for a holiday. Not so with the poul- tryman. For him it is a busy time. The pens for the new year must be selected and mated, the accounts for 1917 must be closed and all import- ant work for the present year must be finished. There are so many duties to perform 'that the week is hardly long enough. It know what our receipts have been, and what our expenses were. It is necessary to take inventory of stock, | that we may know the.worth of our possessions. : Roasting fowls that will weigh ten or twelve pounds to the pair are sal- able about now. - Capons had better not be marketed until after Christmas. Market all old and heavy turkey gobblers at once. Keep the hens busy scratching. Litter the floor of the pen heavily with straw, hay or leaves, and scatter the grain in the litter. Exercise on these cold, frosty mornings will not only warm up the bodies of the fowls, but it will pave the way for more is important to| healthy litters. NThE 2 me ° INTERNATIONAL LESSON DECEMBER 23. Lesson XII. (Christmas Lesson)--Matt. 1-12. Golden Text, Luke 2. 11. 2 Jesus. of Jerusalem. time. century, rests upon a miscalculation startling or wonderful. Or, "Magi;" they were eggs. - It is well at night to give an extra allowance of grain, the litter, so that the fowls will have something to work for the next morn- ing before it is time to receive their regular breakfast. As the weather, be increased. ! Do not fail to give, daily, what green stuff is possible. Such roots | as turnips and beets are relishe These are cut in half and nailed against the wall so that the fowls can keep pecking at them until all are] gone. pee amt, SQIDurrr Baby Beeves for Quick Returns. Baby beeves' sell as high as heavier takes less feed to produce a pound of The young heifers . sometimes better, than the steers, and the returns from the money invested come in quicker. As a rule the heifers | are in better condition at weaning time than the steers. 1f one would gcu the best results in raising baby beef, care must be taken! in selecting the cows and the sire. It | bred, but the sires should be pure bred and from a standard registered herd. @ A dairy strain in the cows. is not best, but after several crosses it may _ give a tendency to better milk produc- _ tion along with the beef qualities, pro- vided the sire is always of the beef type. A sire with good beef qualities and a tendency to early maturity should be selected. scattered in, | the child and M not indicated. Melchior, and Belthasar, ber three is an influence triple offering (verse 11). had Magi. Some have thought. that was a conjunction of Jupiter comet. the Messianic hopes capital of the Jews in search of him. | Verses 3-6 describe ti i cattle and cost'the producers less. It Ei the roi) R Re Troubled--A king flesh on them than an matured cattle. | who had come to a throne through sell ag well, and fraud and violence might well dread of a rival. Though their inquiries. the appearance the people would also be agitated character. be realized. that is It should be noted, however, that the quotation is an exact 1 tion of the eriginal . Hebrew; evangelist was interested in thought, not the exact words, pie ~ 8 reveal Herod a3, 2 rewd schemer, working in 4 an ov 3 ro ol oats after the pigs are five months old. | Sent . --On he Funan, Herod's inter- est seem: ncere. ; Verses 4 iii iy the finding of | the tion of the le 'In the east- The cathe s Advent of The Messiah Verses 1, 2 tell of the arrival of the Magi, some time after the birth of Jesus--The Greek form of the Hebrew Joshua; 1. 21 furnishes an interpretation of the name. Beth- lehem--The birthplace of David (1 Sam. 16. 12); about six miles south Luke 2. 4 tells how Mary came to bé in Bethlehem at the Harold--King of the Jews from B. C. 37-4; Jesus was born a year or two before Herod's death. The common reckoning of, the Christian era, which originated in the- sixth Behold--Calls attention to something Wise-men-- astrologers who thought they had the power to read destinies in the sky. They came from the east, but their country is There is no founda- on for the legend that they were { kings, three in number, named Caspar, The num- from the 4 h Star-- grows colder the corn ingredient can Some unusual phenomenon in the sky attracted the attention of the it and a. Saturn, which took place at about that time; others that it was the ap- pearance of Sirius, which rose with the sun; still others, that it was a The exact nature cannot be determined; but whatever it was it was interpreted by the Magi as an- nouncing the birth of a royal child. In the east--Better, "in its rising." King of the Jews--The learned men of the east may have been familiar with of the Jews; hence they naturally turned to the their feelings would be of a different The king was afraid the people would rejoice over the prospect that their long-cherished hopes would Seribes--The official in- terpreters of the Jewish scriptures. They and the priests would surely is not necessary that the cows be pure know about the new-born king. The | Ohrist--or, "The Messiah;" the anointed one; whose coming had been expected and promised for cen- fre, The priests and scribes 'urnished the desired information, and in support Yuoted the announcement in Mic. 6. 2 that the ideal king of the future should be born in Bethlehem, congiders the move- ment and the standin and thus also the. n th the result of mi divi have them by asking for them, but it is anticipated that the demand for those varieties will be greatly re- duced. There never were any confections half as delicious, or half as wholesome as those made in the home kitchen. They are simple and nourishing. They satisfy the child's normal craving for sweetmeats without creating a false taste. It should be a pleasant occupa- tion for housewives to devise new and pretty Christmas bonbons for their boys and girls. some of the following at the children's party ofr on the dinner table----dates split open, pitted, a little marshmal- low icing placed within and bright red cherries on top; others filled with cherries or nuts or with marshmallow and nuts. Figs form the basis for another confection when sliced and topped with marshmallows and rais- ins. Other fig slices might have maple sugar and nuts on top, while maple sugar bonbons could be nicely finished off with raisins. A pretty idea for anyone wanting a particularly decorative effect is that of a light yellow basket, with a bow of fluffy gauze ribbon on the handle and in the basket rows of prunes from which the pits have been removed and the openings filled with whipped cream piled high. The finishing touch is given when chopped green pistachio with the juice. Heat fruit and add ' two tablespoons of gelatine, previous- ly softened in a very little cold water. Stir well, and continue stirring until it begins to cool and thicken, then | pour into oiled dish to make a layer lone inch thick. Let dry slowly, ' sprinkle' with sugar and place in box | with waxed paper between the layers. "A mixture of dried apricots and dates' | may be nsed for this paste. Wash apricots and soak overnight in enough | water to cover. Pour off water, bring They can picture it to a boil,-pour over apricots and let! I stand until cool. Put apricots and | dates through meat chopper, and pro- | ceed with the proportions as given. | Chocolate Dainties.--Put through | the meat chopper one-half cup each of | dates, figs and nut meats, Add one tablespoon orange juice, a little grat- ed orange peel and one square of melt- ed unsweetened chocolate. Mould into balls and roll in chopped nuts or granulated sugar. be packed in an oiled tin, put under a weight until firm, then cut in any shape desired. Maple Creams.--Boil one cup maple sugar with one cup water until it forms a soft ball when dropped in cold water. Remove from the fire and stir rapidly until it becomes creamy. Form into balls the size of marbles and put nut meats on either side. Lay on wax paper to cool. transferred after his birth. Trea- sures--Or, 'chests containing their treasures." Frankincense--A sweet- smelling gum obtained as a milky ex- udation from a tree. Myrrh--The dried gum of a species of balsam, having a pleasant odor. The gifts presented were suitable for a royal child. The symbolic interpretation of the presents--gold pointing to royalty, frankincense to divinity, and myrrth to mortality--is fancieful and arbitrary. Verse 12 narrates the return of the Magi. Warned--Again the Magi re- ceived divine direction, this time through a dream. The divine pur- pose was to prevent Herod from carrying out at once his murderous purposes against the child. "Winter Pigs Without Milk. The average farmer has faced the problem of how to raise winter pigs without milk. A satisfactory ration, when milk is not to be had, is a thick mash of the consistency of cream, composed of one-half corn-meal; the other half may be wheat middlings, equal parts of finely ground oats-and barley, or oats or barley with mid- dlings. Mix with hot water and feed warm three times a day until the pigs are four months of age. After that twice daily, at about eight in the morning and five at night, is enough. Feed just what they will clean up greedily and no more. Give a drink water occasionally. When the pigs are four months old lg the slop. Give lit or better still, ground alf take the place of the middlings or Scatter soaked corn and whole oats on the floor ae 3 Au 5 ways keep in the pen a pile of hard- wood. ashes on which a handful of salt has been sca An acre or two winter-rye I - be found x &ttrseSonsed?) Many farmers have a way, as soon as the land freezes in the fall, of re- ducing their horses' feed, particularly the grain, and of keeping the horses standing in the stable until spring. About three weeks. before spring work begins the horses are encouraged to eat all they can. Quite often a big surprise awaits the owner of horses thus overfed and underexercised when 'the animals are first urged to do any considerable amount of work. .In many cases such animals drop in their tracks, suffering from what is popul- arly known as paralysis. The facts are, the animals' systems are out of order through being over- loaded with matter that has accumu- lated because the horses have not been exercised at frequent and regular in- tervals. Frequently when such ill- conditioned horses leave the stable they seem full of spirit, whereas they are simply uneasy and full-ef misery. To prevent such trouble, horses should be kept in condition all winter by regular exercise. who makes up his mind to it can do this. The barnyard should be cleaned up every day. Wood may be hauled for the summer. Fencing material can be gathered up and the new fence placed ready for spring erection. Gravel or broken stones may be haul- ed for the roads. The horses should be given u run in the open fresh air in order that they may be hardened to exposure, If the exercise is increased as the spring work comes on, the farmer may feel assured that his horses will not fail him when he needs them most. Their muscles will be hard, and they will stand anything in reason.' ¥ arr rfl emer That Christmas Turkey. A Christmas turkey isn't such a lux- ury when you consider all the really basis of after "the day." Here are This.mixture may | Any farmer | BT3VY good leftover dishes it can be the|w Dry ome suggestions for making the most| of your turkey:*'~ =" TN C. When serving, carve slices and| stocking. Then tell them to withdraw and to write down what they saw in the stocking. Those having the greatest number of correct objects on their list win prizes, if prizes are to be given. In Holly Colors--This is a lively game. Hang at opposite ends of the room two bags made of red and green cheesecloth fashioned in stocking shape. Conceal around the room bits green tissue paper. Decorate all the players with: green and. red paper rosettes, the decoration each wears to indicate . whether he belongs to the green or red band, for these act as op- ponents in the game. Players form in line, red and green alternating, and the piano strikes up a lively tune. All march around the room quickly, but when the music breaks. off, as it will do very suddenly, all break ranks and try to drop into the stocking belong- | ing to their respective divisions the little red arid green "bullets" wrapped in their respective colors. When the music resumes the players get into line again and sc on, with several breaks. When the contents of the stockings are counted, members of the band having the most bullets win. Mrs. L. McD.:--You are wise to stop and ask yourself how you can economize in Christmas eatgbles this year. Every ifty housewife is surely pledging herself io he most careful planning that she has ever en- gaged in for the festive season. In the first place, use fowl or other poul- try in preference to beef and pork. You are rendering patriotic service/in using the food which is not shipped overseas for the armies. A very good substitute for plum pudding is carrot pudding which is less expen- sive and more digestible than the time-honored variety. Have you tried it? Here is the recipe: 1 cup each grated carrot, potato, apple; 1 cup each sugar, chopped suet, seeded raisins, 1% cups flour, . 1 teaspoon of old cloth tied up in: red and in! cornstarch and a pinch of salt. to, this one and one-half cupfuls of hot water and stir constantly until it be- gins to boil. Let simmer for ten mi- nutes and . lemon extract. : | Enquirer:--An appeal to tha wo- .men of the country has gone forth "rom the office of the Food Controller (to avoid purchasing or making Christmas candy of cane or beet | sugar. Your enquiry 'is a timely !one. It is not necessary to stint the youngsters in sweetmeats but judg- | cream-sauce to which is added a little finely diced red sweet-pepper (prefer- ably home canned), chopped parsley, salt and pepper to taste, Serve on a platter with a border of alternate small onions and thinly sliced carrot --all very hot. Some variety of tart jelly or cranberry sauce is a piquant addition and imexpensive if home- made. Let a day elapse, then.serve the remainder of the tw mixed lightly with cooked ricey C macaroni, and the rest . Cut! the rema bs stuffing into small slices, Brown. and use as a garnish. Coleslaw made of red cabbage is delicious with this particular "left-over." The positive- ly last appearance of the turkey is in soup made substantial enough to serve as the basis of a meal. _ err the the stalk fields, filled with burs. Also, when the stock is allowed to run free during the win- fences and other obstacles that cause to have a shaggy ap- This should be avoided be- sheep that go to market with eeces and with burs in their "| whole, so it doesn't much matter ter months, they come in contact with} ! ment should be used in the choice of ! varieties. Pop-corn candy, maple creams, and fruit confections may gil be made at home without " | expense or trouble. _ Utilize 'and nuts as much as you can and eliminate sugar wherever possible. | You can do this by using brown sugar, honey molass2s and corn syrup in- stead. See the 'article on this page stead. See the article on this page, | entitled "War-Time Christmas Con- fections," : _ Soldier's Sister:--You are misin- formed on this point. You can send soap without a license to your brother or to any other soldiers overseas. Farmer's Wife:--You and your hus-| band are among the fortunate if you are raising hogs and most certainly we would advise you to urge him tol increase production. "The time has come when a hog is worth more than al/ shell and wheat is worth more than munitions" says Hon. G. W. Brown, and it is a fact that Europe now pos-; esses 33,000,000 fewer hogs than' were in existence the first year of the, war. Mr. Hanna is particularly, emphasising the advantages of hog-/ a and has repeatedly staigd that, the farmer has everything it, the shortage ensuring' a long after the war is over. a good article on the subject on page. The Fire Tree. On Christmas eve many homes will be set afire by carelessness.in handl- ing candle-lighted Christmas trees. To the thoughtful will come the rea- sons for the hints which fellow: Never leave an illuminated tree un- watched. . / i Never use cotton batting nor fes- toons of tissue paper on a lighted tree. Never use ornaments made of cellu- loid. . : Never put cotton beneath the tree to make the carpet look as if snow- covered, . Toil Never remove presents from the - tree until the candles have been blown out. When the removal of presents begins, children, and adults, too, a giving their attention to indivi items rather than to the tree hov: ot sell 'so well as those with| Aside then add one teaspoonful GEWg) " butter and the juice and rind of half x 5 a lemon or one-half a teaspoonful of ; *