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i FIXED IN ADVANCE. of Scripture Upon Which "the Chief Executive Presses His Lips As Entirely a Matter of Chance~The 'After the Ceremony. FT president - before he enters on execution Of his office takes an affirmation B that he "will faith. execute 'the office of president of States and will, to the best ability, preserve, protect and the constitution of the United 'and 'this oath is usually seal- confirmed by the kissing of the e kissing of the Bible as part of ral ceremony is perhaps fol- yon one of its open S, Thomases have always at that there was no element of . in this performance and that the passage of Scripture is always carefully selected in advance, and the book is held by the clerk of the court in position so that the incoming chief iwill kiss the passage that it is intend- led he shall kiss, but this supposition 1s lentirely wrong. James D. Maher, clerk of the su- preme court, said that the opening of the book is entirely "haphazard" and that no. man on earth has the slightest intimation in advance regarding the passage of Scripture that will be thus brought into notice. Usually the Bible that is used In ad- ministering the oath is bought by the clerk of the supreme court and paid for out of his pocket and is a small Oxford edition costing $10 to $15. The late James H. McKinney, for many years clerk of the supreme court, once Baid, "You see, congress expends mon- ey only by appropriation, and if we were to wait for congress to appro- priate the price of the book we might never get a Bible on time." There have been exceptions, how- ever, when the Bible came from oth- ter sources. For instance, when James A. Garfield was inaugurated March 4, 1881, he carried in his overcost pocket to the capitol a well worn, leather bound volume which had been pre- sented to him by his mother. The book was taken from the White House and in a few years found its way to the stall of a bookseller in San Fran- cisco. How it got there has never been known, nor is it likely it ever will be. A few years ago it was of- fered for sale at a very high price. Chester A. Arthur took the oath of office just after midnight at his home in NeW York city Sept. 20, 1881. The Bible used was ome belonging to the then ohiet- justice of the state of New Xork.. It is cherished by the judge's Ft ip '4, 1885, when Grover L "was inal ted president the first timé& be, like Garfield, §issed the Holy Book which was given to him by bis mother. 1t was a small Folummie, bound 1p red leather, and Wig | presented to him many years before. | "The book is now in the possession of Mz, Cieveland's married sister at To- 0, 0. The Bible upon which he took the oath in 1803, eight years later when be became president the second time, was one presented by his beau- tiful wife, and she became its pos- BEssor. | When Benjamin Harrison was made president March 4, 1889, the Bible used Aas one that his wife bad given him on the day of their marriage in O3- 'ford, O., where President Harrison spent his school days. Tho Harrison ' Rible is owned by Mrs. James R. Mc | Kee, the daughter of ex-President Har- ison. President McKinley used a Bible that Bad been presented to bim by the pegro bishops of the country. It was | the Liggest Bible ever secn at the lerk's office, and Clerk McKinney in gelating the fucident said: "The day "pefgre the ipauguration one of the "bishops called at my office with the | Pible. It was a Luge affair of the! type known as family Bibles. It rested Jn an oraate box lined with purple vel | 'wet and ornamented with gold. The | box was factened by Tock and key. | be 1 realized that it would be my | ot to carry that huge Bible from the senate chamber clear out to the front "the capitol my knces grew weak 1 could not' refrain from asking Bishop: jokingly shere the wheel- 8 that should go with it." 'he Anvariable custo is that ou the following the inauguration the the court takes the Bible to "House and presents it to ly of the land as a keep- re PEOPLE OF ONTARIO are accustomed to ac- cept their food much the same as they breathe the air They read isolated items about food shortage, but such a thing as this affecting their own dinner table never euters (fg their mind, and it is the responsibility of The Observer £ to bring home to its readers a realization of the facts, as un- less something is done, in another year, they will not be reading about the hunger in Belgium but the hunger in Ontario. The fellowing should be memorized by every reader of Tue OBSERVER. Under the. Presidency of Mr. J. W. Woods, a Confer- ence of all interested in food production was held in To- ronto on Monday, May 7. colored motiey, a stout canvas band about each sinewy body for hauling in the net without cutting the hands to pieces, they bring ashore their shim- mering silver quarry right along the widest, finest promenade in the city-- the handsome Via Caracciolo. Across that broad street the charm- ing Villa Nazionale--not a house, but a public park, wholely conventional in design--contains an aquarium which may fairly be considered the most re- markable in" the world for both the variety and interest of its finny and its and the th ness of its seientific work. To it many | of the great universities contribute an- nually for the privilege of sending special investigators in zoology. The commercial activity of this lar gest city and second seaport of Italy clings closely about the skirts of the enormous Toyal palace--800 feet long on the bay side and ninety-five feet high--and the naval basin and dock- yard. Every smell and sound of a thriving sesport may be smelled and heard, multiplied generously, every. flag seen on the ships at ancher near the stone wharves.--A. 8. Riggs in Na. tional Geographic Magazine. BEN BUTLER'S BLUFF. it Was Wall Worked and Completely Fooled General Bingham. General Jobn A. Bingham was a member of the military tribunal that tried Mrs. Surratt and the Lincoln as- sassing tors. workman sbouid be permitted to build a pair of squeaky shoes unless he can pass a severe test in harmony. --Car' toons Magazine, Horses In Trousers. When the horses in Nice, are d to tar din j they wear trousers to protect their legs from the hot tar. A further pro-; tection for them consists of a eurtaim | suspended between the cart and the horse. The trousers are what lend' distinction to the horse, however. The knees are a bit baggy, but the! { horse doesn't seem to care.--Populag Science Monthly. France, carts | Preparedness. { "My @aughter has obtained tion in a lawyer's office. = She starts ou! the first." "And in the meantime is she doing anything to fit herself for the work?' "Yes; she 18 reading 'Bertha, the Beau tiful Blond St her.' ~P ! . Post. ' , . Knew Her. | Miss Flyrte--Jack told me last night that T was his very life. Hef Brother | | --Jack will soon find out how uncertain ! folds oo Cruel. » ; was classic. What is classic? Second Girl-0b, most. snything old.~Bostos(' those of Switzerland, Ah seas are too cold for €o the mountains of the North canic fires are still activ geysers and hot springs: impressive than those of stone park. The aboriginal i of New Zealand at the ti discovery by Captain Coo most advanced of sil the races, while the aborigin tralia are the lowest in all human beings. Australia is in no sens New Zealand in geogra) but loftv peaks. profound ROY / YEAST CJ B54Vs TOKE COE are: unimpressive a . lakes small and few 1 | a continent composed Study and Discipline. ollsome road of * rupted §7 ridges and of --Natlonal Geographic § that Helen Ayer, the wife of an excel. lent man and the mother of a lovely boy six years old, fell under the influ- except swagger.and cheek to recom mend him, When Quigley first began to pay attention to Mrs. Ayer her hus: band did not appear to notice it. The truth is ho saw that his wife was drift- ing away from him and he dared not oppose her, fearing that by his very opposition he might bring about a ca- "| that some incident, 9\0CO\SRH TORR) Wy, phe. It he permitted the matter Heart such as he was not in a position Fto make himself and which could only come to his wife unbldden. He hoped some evidence thrust before her suddenly, might sweep the dust from before her eyes and she would see her position in its true light. He had perfect confidence in ber purity. 1f Quigley succeeded in taking her away from him he must do it legitimately. She must be divorced from the one and married to the other. With this idea in view he made no complaint to Helen, leaving ber perfect freedom to do as she liked. He never objected to Quigley comfng to the house, nor did he oppose Helen's go- ing out with him. He endeavored In every possible way to show his faith in her. Had Quigley taken bimsell away for awhile possibly the spell that bound her to him might have been bro. ken, or at least it might have been breakable. But Quigley was so aggressive, so persistent, that Helen never got away from a certain dominating force there was about him long enough to recover herself. Finally Ayer decided to take action. Since they all belonged to the same get, he had frequent opportunity to meet the man who was undermining bis. home. Their first meéting was at the house of a mutual friend, where a number of men were accustomed to play poker. Ayer's object was to begin a series of attempts to force a quarrel upon Quigley, concealing the true cause. The better to cover his motive at the poker party he met Quigley cor- dially. But-during the game be sud- denly arose from the table, declaring that he would not play with a cheat, making it pla that Quigley was the man referred to. Quigley, who was perfectly innocent of the charge, retorted. High words followed, and Ayer struck him. Quig- ley was prevented from returning the blow by the others, who protested against the men fighting under "the host's roof about a matter of cheating | the scandal peaceful churge, but as having. re- ceived a blow from Ayer that he had not returned. Under the old regime "to do anything. of a century or more ago he would have been obliged to challenge Ayer or be cut by his friends. Living in the twentieth century, be was not obliged He let the patter drop. He did not call at averopone any more, but he met Mrs. Ayer when she went out on the street and at the houses of mutual friends. All he said to her about his tropbles with her hus- band was that Ayer had accused him of cheating at cards and that every member of the party present had ex- onerated him of the charge. And so it was that Russell Ayer by | trying to get rid of the man who was really his wife's worst enemy, and at the same time protect her good name, onl de himself appear to her a very unjust and ignoble person. She thought tant she was taking care of her reputa- tion by never being with Quigley, ex- cept when othérs were present. - But she found it dificult to live with one man as his ivife and have a love affair though devoid of criminality with an- other. Ayer followed up his first attack on Quigley by telling a sumber of Quig- leys' friends that he (Ayer) had struck _ him and Quigley bad not had the man- Hness to resent the blow. f The situation was not pleasing to any one of the three persons involved; Quig- {| léy represented to Mrs. Ayer that he was refraining from resenting ber hus- band's insults on her account and beg: ged ber to vindicate him by securing #-divorce and marrying him, She was | nose" said .| between us." "No oné could understand why it was | ence of Schuyler Quigley, with nothing |. a cain me with & or death And he Ba Quigley "le; 8 efi : HH £ shits to Mrs, 'Ayer again. = Quigley that Mrs, Ayer had applied for a vorce and had consented to marry him as soon as it was obtained. To this Ayer replied that on his'part the affair would be dropped. But he did not do this tif he had looked into the court records and found that his wife had the day before applied for a separa: tion. When Ayer went home that evening he found his wife gone. His little boy asked him what was the Matter with mamma, She had cried and kissed him all the morning, then had gone out and badn't come back. Wonldn't papa go and bring ber back? But day after day, week after week, month after month, passed and mam- ma did not return. She was residing in a city where divorce is made easy. The child was obliged to t him- trolling Disease and Pests. Potatoes should follow a clover sod rather than timothy or other grass sod. If the felds are not plowed hy the fall or winter plowing should be done as early in the spring as possible. Pre- pare 'a good mellow. seed , says Pennsylvania Agricultural coll 5 If manure is-used the well rotted is preferable. Fresh horse manure shoud not: be used. Manure should be sup- plemented with aeid phosphate at the rate'of 400 to 600 pounds per acre. This may be applied in the row and mixed with the soil, or half of it may be broadcast and baif lied In the row, The best remedy for common scab is to disinfect the tubers by soaking them for two hours before they are cut in a solution of one pint of formalin to thir. self with his nurse during the day, but whenever his father was not at his of- ice be supplied so far as possible the place of the mother. Quigley still lived in the city, but there was net as much swagger in him as fermerly. Somehow no one seemed to think he had come out of his affair with Ayer with credit, and hig friends were dropping Off. While it was known to the Ayers' in- timate friends that Helen was suing for a divorce, it was not known that she was doing so in order to marry Quigley. Divorces usually make it ap- pear that great wrongs are committed by one or both parties. We are horri- fied at tales of cruelty, desertion, all kinds of inhumanities. While reading of them we would suppose that after such suffering neither party will ever again consent to wear the chains of wedlock, But once the bond is broken up pops a man or a woman hitherto unknown in the proceedings, and the decree is scarcely granted before the wedding bells are ringing. Helen Ayer had secured her divorce, had returned, and it was supposed-by her friends, except. an inthnate few, » Ba 3 1 o! i Ar man. While this was the supp "a marriage license was being taken out | permitting 'Helen Ayer and, Schuyler : Quigley to wed. They were to be pri- | vately married at § o'clock in the eve- ping and take a 7 o'clock train for their {wedding trip. . | During the afternaon the bride to be ' wos seized with an irresistible desire to see her boy once jmore before taking the irretrievable step. She knew that her husband was usually at his office at thé time and she would pot meet him. Throwing caution. to the winds, she" ! called a carriage, alighted near her for- ty gall of water, Such disinfection is of little aval hen potatoes are planted in a field which grew scabby potatoes the previous year since the disease organism lives over in the soil. Cut the tubers to the same size of plece, planting the small ones whole. The rate of planting should be fifteen to twenty busbels when seed is at a normal price. With seed very high in price cut the pieces smaller and reduce the rate per acre to ten bushels, Early varieties cannot be recom- mended except for home use, The most commonly grown of these are Irish Cobbler and Barly Ohio. For the main crop grow late or medium late varie- ties, Standard main crep varicties rec. ommended for Pennsylvania by the Pennsylvania State college are Green Mountain, Caiman No, 8 and 8ir Wal- ter Raleigh, Good, locally grown seed of adapted varieties shuld be planted. Until the vines are large the surface oil should be kept loose by frequent cultivations, The .ficid should 'be bar- rowed once or twice with a spike tooth harrow -before - the potatoes are up, al all the cultiva. gations of ture; arsenate of lead paste at the rate of three pounds or arsenate of lead powder at the rate of one and one-half pounds should be used for this-purpose. Karly and late blight may be prevented by spraying with bordeaux mixture. TRIM THE COLTS FEET. Unsoundness often Caused by Meglect of Horse's Hoofs. Trimining feet of horses Is one of | mer home. d and ran to | find her son. . She came upon a melancholy sight. {Her boy was lying on a bed, pale and { wan, while his father was bending over | him. | "On, why didn't you tell me? Why | didn't you send for me?" she walled. | And without 'waiting for a reply she bent down, passionately encircled the | child" with bef arms and hugged him "to her breast. | Then, filuging ber hat 'and coat aside, she knelt beside the | bed. "Oh, mamma." cried the child, "how glad I am that you have come back!" Then, raising his arms, he placed them about her shoulders. "And you're nev- er, never going away again, are you?" And the woman for whom a bride groom was waiting said: "Never, 80 help me heaven!" Russell Ayer was walking away when his wife seized his band and held him. _ She attempted to speak to him, but not finding words turned again to the boy. Then Russell knelt beside her, and, rest. the two the Lmportant "factors "in profitable borse production, according to Dr. C, W. MeCamptell, Kansas State Agricul tural college. » 3 The colt's hoofs must be given con- stant attention from the time the colt is foaled until it reaches maturity. of water "bord ix- | Every Worker. Should Get a Chance to Exercise His Ability. - - 3 In_the American Maguzine Herman Schoetder, dean of the school of em gineering of the University: of 'Ctiicine pati, who bas devoted "his life to & study of human ability and fitting the right job to the right man, says: = "There 1s aA new psychology of worl. One of its most inspiring principles Is that the man who makes a failure od one job is likely to make a success of ' the job of an opposite type. assuming, of course, that bo fails in the face of real effo! This is the significance of failure: It points the way to an oceus = pation which means success. Fallure to a willing man is merely misplace- ment on his job. Failure at one job is not a ealamity; it is an indication, Ey ery failure is a guidepost to success, Fort ly some employers are be- ginning to understand this. When'a man fails in one job they si him to another of an opposite' type. And it the worker is not lazy or dishon- est he usually succeeds. No foreman should be allowed to discharge a man. He should merely report to a central office that the man is not successful on bis particular kind of work. In an- other department he may 'break rec- ords. To fire a man who has failed at one job is poor business. The shifting of failures means the making of suc- - cesses." z TALE OF THE TURTLE. Whera This Stupid An There ton tivew of Venesuela that turtles wil begin to lay their eggs mmtil the 8 ern Cross, which is tbe characteristic object of the firmament in the southern Bb. Hh is ' ed that 1s, not until the four stars which form the cross hiive moved on through | the heavens and have reached a posi {§ tion perpendicular to the horizon. 1t is even reported by a member of one exploring expedition in Venezuela that at midnight, when the turtles were being watched by the naturalists, the great mass of creatures went back into the waters without laying, leaving but a few of their companions behind them to act as sentinels. "At half past 2 In the morning, at the { moment when the Southern Cross seemed exactly perpendicular to the Even then thi¢y need iderable at~ tention. Often during coltbood the feet are left to care for themselves. This neglect. results in later life tu many of the whsoundnésses 'common to horses' feet and legs. : Unsoundness tbat may bo caused by lack of care when tle horse is young are sidebones, ringbones, splints. bone spayins, bog spavins, corns and crack- ed 'hoofs. ; All the unsoundnesses tend to lower the value of the horse. The time to prevent auy of them is when the colt 1s young and his bones and tendons are yet plastic. Killing Cabbage Worms, green woOtms on cabbage plants are the larvae of the white and yellow butter@iies that hover over the fields. 'butterfiles lay thelr eggs on the ; the egzs hateh out, and the rizon, a great motion was perceived on'the shore of the river, and the tur. tles.came out in battalions. They scat- tered rapidly in all directions, dug holes in the sand, deposited their eggs and then covered up the places, taking - great pains to leave the smooth and flat as they had found it.--Argo- naut. Be Saved Himself. ment in bis life, U. R. Treat related it