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. Probably \& b-_J Suffering 3 y from "Boils" Six Times CN ~ Wider Than the Earth, } Declare Scientists Who Are Inclined to Attribute Our Very Unusual Weather i to Recent Solar and Lunar Disturbances and Eruptions HAT is the matter with the uni Ww verse? There is something awry some. where--but what? Did the five years of almost incessant cannonading--the barrage, the drumfire, the terrific detonations of huge shells--did all this cause terrestrial disturbances suf- ficient to make the moon anticipate fits regular schedule by 12 miles? Was it sufficient to cause other terrestrial aberra- tions? a At first glance such a supposition appears absurd, yet there is a possibility that per- haps cynical science, which "must be shown" is too skeptical for once. A pebble thrown into a pond causes a ripple which expands in constantly enlarging circles, The shot of a pistol causes air waves which expand as they travel into space. And the cannonading of the war did the same thing on a tremendously exaggerated scale, Did fhe, disturbanceS to the air and cfrcumamblent ether cause the mbon to deflect from" its course; did they cause electrical manifestations not scheduled in dhe catalogue of science? 'That there is something askew with nature seems evident from a number of manifestations too positive to be ignored. During 1921 there were 1,046 degrees of excess temperature, that is, the average daily temperature for the entire six months was 6% degrecs above normal. The greatest spots known to astronomy were visible on the sun. One measured 150,000 miles in circumference. The moon speeded up in its ~ourse until it was twelve miles ahead of its schedule and considerably off the beaten path. A hole was burned in an Atlantic cable two miles beneath the su#face and several hundred miles from shore, At Karlstad, Sweden, and at Brewster, N. Y., electric switchboards were burned the same night by stray electric currents, Strangest of all, wireless telegraphy and 1 The Vary Remarkable Astronomical Photo graph from Which This Reproduction Is Made, Clearly Shows that Moon Craters Emit Steam, Proving that the Moon Is Neither "Cold" Nor "Dead." .- of the auro wireless telephony were in no way Inter rupted and interference was no greater than under ordinary conditions, Scientists, who are supposed to be accu- rate, speculated and delved, but all in vain: They argued that sun spots were to blame for the terrestrial disturbances and finally blamed the sun spots on Jupiter, the largest of the planets, about 1,000 times as large as the earth, with 200 times its mass den- sity. Sun spots appear about every eleven years, which corresponds with the time re- quired by Jupiter in making its journey around the sun. Other scientists held that electrons thrown off by the action of the sun spots, bombarded the earth in such quantities as to upset the electrical equilibrium. Pro- fessor M. I. Pupin, one of tha greatest physicists, holds to the electron theory. "Alter it was proven definitely that sun spots were electric," said Professor Pupin, "further research was conducted and it was found that their appearance was accom- panied by a greatly increased flow of elec- trons or electronic forces from the syrface of the sun These were shot out into 8pace and just as a part of the sun's light falls upon the planets in space, so did a portion of this electronic flow fall upon the earth and other planets. The earth, of course, received its greatest deluge of these par ticles when the spot was in a position on the sun's surface' nearest the earth and this condition existed last year when the country was visited by an unusual display n borealis, "It was not merely a local condition, When these spots occur, the entire earth is affected and similar effects and disturb- ances to those in this country would be bound to occur also in Furope and other parts of the world. The whole phenomena, to state it in simplest words, resolves istelf into this: There is the sun emitting, in ad- dition to its light, a flow of electrons, parts of which impinge upon the earth, but which are not sufficiently strong to disturb, for example, our communications system. Then the sun spot comes, magnetic in character, and the flow of electrons from the sun is greatly increased. These, fall- ing upon the earth, produce the effects mentioned." Dr. Frank Schlesinger, director of the Yale University observatory, coincides with Professor Pupin in the electron theory. He believes that sun spots are to blame for many earthly ills and that Jupiter is at the bottom of the trouble. Just how sunspots originate fs of great adterest. In order that the subject may be understood, it is necessary to state briefly that the sun Is not a solid bly. Parts of it revolve about its axis faster than others. Heat, so tremendous that it cannot be medsured by man-made instruments, nor even guessed, causés tongues of flame to shoot out with a rapidity of 500 miles an hour, to a height of more than 300,000 miles, The sun is not a hot body merely cooling; for if that were the case, the sun would be cold in about 3,000 years, If is not a mere burning mass like a coal fire, for in that case, the temperature would show a mate- rial falling off in a thousand years. The generally accopted theory is that gravitation produces continued contraction, or falling in of the outer parts of the sun and that this falling, in turn, generates enough heat to compensate for what is given off. It is estimated that these con- tractions amount to about 180 feet a year. The -earth's atmospheres absorbs about ome-half the radiation which come to it from the sun. The most THE DOT INDICATES RELATIVE Magnified Phote graph of a - ment of the Moon Sh. the Cra- ters, any of Which Are Still Declared To Be Active. amazing phase fs the tre mendous amount of radiation wasted for only about one-mil- lionth is caught by all the planets combined. What be comes of the rest is not known. The sun's "atmosphere," if so it may be called, is divided by several layers of gases and Vaporous matter. The white bright portion visible to us is the photosphere. From fit comes the light and heat we feel. The other layers, above it, are the "reversing layer," some 500 to 1,000 miles in thickness and the cromosphere, between 5.000 and 10,000 miles thick. The upper portion of the chromo- sphere is in violent agitation Hke the waves of a stormy sea, and from it arise Showing Relative Size of the Earth and One of the Newly Generated Sun Spots to Which Scie ence Attributes Many «+ "Recent Terrestrial Dise turbances