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MONDAY, APRIL 19, 1920. Peru Is Rich With Food DADE SOLO BILLEEALBLS PRODI ERU'S coastal maters are teem- Ing with enough fish to feed the world, and ber islands are PO all veritable 'bird sanétuaries, i according fo Rovert Cushman Mur. » Who h ust Irn ix | phy has Just suluned from sit | ish and American--are now stopping months' exploration in South America with 500 photographs and 10,000 feet of motion picture film. Mr. Mur- phy sald that on one island he found "the most abundant seabird life om earth," as many as 1,000,000 fea- thered creatures of a single species. The fisheries of Peru, he said, are anoreanized and. although fish are plentiful, including such edible vari- ties as bonito, anchoveta, pejerrey or smelt, the conjril (somewhat ike cod), the flounder and corvena (com- parable to the American salmon), Peruvians literally "go hungry" be- cause of their scarcity and high price inland due to the problems of icing and transportation. A few miles off the coast, the re- 'turned explorer said, he let down a net and drew it out of the sea filled with four varities of the most dell- clous crabs. These crustaceans, he sald, would furnish the basis for a big canning imdustry both for home and fi consumption, vast quan tities of such seafood now being an- nually imported by the United States from Japan. The "wonderful fish and bird life" of Peru, Mr. Murphy attributed to the those of Alexander Agassiz 'Robert F. Coker, pioneers w Although Peru's prox- fmity to tor, he said, would cause one suppose that it might have a temperature like that of Flor ida, its actual temperature was more lke that of Boston. Mr. erates, in many of which are speci- mens of curious marine and feathered ereatures. Mr. Murphy called attention to the guano or fertilizer deposits of Peru, which, he said, may be doubled by he described as "one of the most far- | sighted and able economists in the | world." In furtherance of Mr. Bal-| len's plans, the explorer said, he ad- wocated increasing the breeding area of the guano producing birds, af present confined to fifteen islands, the largest of which are the Chinchi or Lobos, where deposits of fertilizer! 150 feet in thickness have been found. \ The vaiue Bt the guano deposits, | he said, was also due to the action of the Humboldt Current, the cold winds from which, blowing over the: arid land, preserved the fertilizing qualities of the bird lime. Mr. Mur | phy, 'whose work was aided by the' Peruvian Government, said the is- lands might be enlarged by dynamit- | ing the cliffs into the sea. He also urged the stoppage of guano gather- ing during the "couriship" of the birds. The guano, he sald, is dug by | natives in the interior of the islands and carried in small railway cars to the coast where it is put board ships. Exportation of the fertiliser, | he sald, was being held up on account of high ocean freight rates. © The guano birds were enumerated by Mr. Murphy as the white-breasted cormorant, (commercially worth $16 a pair in Lima); the pelican and twe species of gannet. By actual compu~ tation of the nests of some of these birds per metre of one of the is lands he estimated that more than 1,000,000 of that one species inhabit- ed it. Mr. Murphy said the ancient Incas of Peru highly prised the guine birds and penalized with death any. one. who killed one. Many of the motion pieture filma be brought back, he said, showed the life histery of the seabirds ms well as the native Osheries' and the guano industry. In the from 1840 to 1908, Nr. nd. Sad, tnany. of the pirde were kil only in re- cent years that have been made to conserve this important re- source of Peru. President Leguia, and other prominent men, he sald, have enco eign scientific men to visit Peru for the purpose of ascertaining the best conservation mothods, A steam trawler aad two launches were placed at Mr. Murphy's upon' his arrival at Lima, = They mind their business with enthusiasm Wi gratefully acknowledge the cordial support of peo- ple of opinions and occupa- tions, Churchmen, atheists, professional men, workers, em- ployers, . politicians, soldiers, sailors, magistrates, en and all classes of wom F'E preach personal regen:] eration, and practise Ch Social Service with- out to race, color or © . BE do it joyously -- with enthusiasm for anything and everything that will save a body from suffering, a mind from distress, or a soul from damnation. The Salvation v-- ; : 308 Citadels + =--use them! i =| | and from these ne conducted his re- | searches and experiments. Guano, he | sald, is the best fertilizer known for | sugar cane and before the war vast | quantities of it were shipped to the | United States. Peru herself, he said | is now utilising the fertilizer not only | for growing sugar but for rice and i. cotton. | Ocean freight rates, Mr. Murphy said, might be affected by the com- | petition which has sprung up since | the close of the war, Within the | last six months, he said, eight or nine | steamship lines--Dutch, Italian, Brit- at Peruvian ports. As an instance of recent freight costs, Mr. Murphy cit- | ed the case of a Curtiss airplane | occupying a crate mot much larger | than would be required for an auto. mobile and upon which the charges were $500. Mr. Murphy, who is 34 years old and a graduate of Brown University, | is a director of the Explorers' Club. | His expedition' to Peru was aided financially by the American Museum | of Natural History and the American | Geographical Society. PRONIBITION IN ENGLAND. "As Well Dry Up the Atlantic," Papers Say. Some British newspapers have been stirred to indignation by receipt from the United States of a report that prohibition organizations there were going to use £10,0000,000 for pro- hibition propaganda throughout the world, 'but chiefly in Great Britain. A few have expressed resentment at what they characterize as outside in- terference with "the right of the Eng- lishman to drink what he likes." "A subscription to dry up the At- lantic would have as much chance of success," says the Saturday Review. "But there arises the question why, when everybody is harassed with post-war problems, we should allow our peace to be disturbed by a band of Yankee fanaties with never so many millions to scatter. It is a most unwarrantable intrusion en our domestic life at a time when we are in mo mood to be trified with." Referring to disorders that recent. ly attended a prohibition campaign conducted in Wales by an American, the paper adds: "We really think the Government might ask the permission of the Washington Cabinet to repa- triate these meddlesome maniacs, and to forbid, at all events for the next year or two, their landing on these shores." The Liverpool Post, commenting on the proposed fund says: "It ar- gues a poor appreciation of the char- acter of the British people and of the conditions in this ecouatry that such a madeap 'pussyfoot' tactics on the scale now threatened opens the door to international ill-feeling that might prove very mischievous in the present state of the world, "America has chosen prohibition for itself. It is not absolutely incon- oeivable that Great Britain may some day follow the example. But it will not be as a result of American meth- ods, the more likely effect of which might be to discredit the prohibition idea, and even to retard temperance progress on lines that are likely to appeal to the British temperament." "We should be so much obliged if our goed, kind friends of America would refrain from doing us: goed," says the Globe in an editorial. "Un- regenerate creatures that we are, we do mot like it, and we have a sort of idea that they might find emough to occupy them at home. The fox which has lost his tail is generally willing to assist in the decaudation of the rest. All the same we do not think the plan will he successful." Commerce In the Antarctic. Events moved forward the other day toward the commercial exploita- tien of the when represen- tatives of the British Ministry of the Alr, the Governments of Australia and New Zealand, and the Royal So- ciety met at the Mansion House on invitation of the Lord Mayor of Lon- don to discuss the plans for the Brit- ish Imperial Antarctic Expedition, which will leave England early next summer. J. L. Cope, who will lead the expedition, outlined its methods and purposes, and his hearers may very well have been impressed by the way in which such modern inven- tions as wireless communication and successful aviation come in to help and make possible the commercial development of what has so long beea considered a hopelessly remote region. For commercial development is the purpese of the expedition. It will determine the position and ex- tent of mineral and other deposits of economic value, gather data comcern- ing the localities and migrations of whales with a view to creating a new whaling industry, investigate meteor- ological and etic conditions in the Ross Sea and at Cape Ann (Bn- derby Land) in connection with their influence on Australasia aud South Africa, and circumnavigate the Ant- arctic continent. The total cost of the expedition, says the Times Trade Supplement, is estimated at about £150,000; and it is probable that an attempt will be made to fiy to the pole. The significant thing, however, is that the pole is not the important objective of the expedition, and that the motive of expleration' to add te human knowledge has here been superseded by that of opening up tae Antarctic to commerce and industry. Grave-Diggers Scarce. 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