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_ PAGE FOURTEEN Chi: PILLAR OF WAR H TANKS ARE GROWING Mt cH MORE EFFECTIVE, BRI Writer In the Popular Science Monthly Gives Description of the Huge Juggermount That Saved So Many Lives at the Battle of the Somme aod Filled Huns With Terror. W E- IN 8S PIRING that the tanks were to the Germans, they were also 3 much of a mystery to thelr wwn British troops. The first tanks were built in a walled factory in Lin- coln, England, by mechanics who were not allowed to leave their Chin- ese (ity for three months, even to see thoir families, Secretly trans 'ported across the Channel, the tanks were assembled behind the Allied lines on the Somme to await call The stoie Britishers thrilled at the whuisper: "The tanks are coming'"' hey were am uptried mria. Many thought thaf they never would return. But they did, and with ® most enviable record for annibilat 10g machine gun operators and soip pers ip a more thorough manner than | dt had ever been done before They saved thousands of lives which would have Lad to be sacrificed if the old method of rushing such nests of death had been adhered to After the tanks' work bad thus been ac- complished the infantry rushed for- ward to view the destruction New as the tanks are they are but the development of inventions made long ago by HoW and Harvey The former originated the now famous caterpillar device for farming trac tors, writes Joseph Brinker in Popu- Jar Scienee Monthly. This appara- tus makes it possible for the tanks to surmount seemingly impassable obstructions, such as trees, boulders, ditches, shell craters, wire entangle- ments or trenches. Harveyized steel, 80 named after its inventor, made the tanks impervious t(o machine gun and rifle fire, shrapnel and everything except a direct shell hit The principal feature of the tank's construction Is the caterpillar or track-laying device. This consists of an endless steel belt made up of short sections like shoes, which lie flat on the ground. These support the vehicle wheels which are mount- ed on trucks wemeéwhat similar to those on railway cars. The insides of the shoes have double rails over 'which the truck wheels run. The endless chain made up of the shoes acts as a track, being laid flat under the wheels and picked up again after the wheels have passed over it. The endless chains are driven by means of sprockets on the rear axle of (he tank The real unusual adaptation of the caterpillar device for which the British designer of the tanks must be given credit is the shape of the 'belts. This has been carried out in a very different manner from that used on their farm tractor predeces- sors. Instead of being low and flat, they are strung out over frames thirty to forty feet long and from ten to fifteen feet high, depending upon the size of the tank. These frames are armored with Harveyized steel to provide protection for the tank operators and bes'des are curv- ed up In the are of a nuge circle at the front to give the vehicle its won- derful tractive powers. This large curvature acts as a huge wheel with a tremendously long leverage equal to the radius of the circle of the spoke of the imaginary wheel of the same diameter. Only that portion of the assumed wheel in contact with the ground acts as the lever amd it is this portion that is reproduced in th it cad of a caterpillar belt. This large area of the belts in con- tact with the ground also brings out the inherent property of the cater- pillar which has made it possible for the tanks to traverse soft, mruddy ground--the large bearing area of the caterpillar shoes: With the cat- erpillars thirty Inches wide and with about fifteen or twenty feet of length in contact with the earth at any time, the pressure on the ground is said to be less than three pounds to the square ineh, This Is a great deal less than that exerted by a horse or a two-bundred-povnd man. This RACKACHE, LUNBAGO AND ; ; I lif li Fie ; | ih : 255F afi: : i 7 f a ga fie: f ¥ a TEkk i i ; é § ? i : i fi hill | £8 Hs i | would -- | "DARING G | Al | monsters | military | [3 a ---------- RA Miss Katherine Stinson is a daring flyer who is aiding Uncle Saw right now, when he most needs large supportmg aléu expiains why the tanks do not sink down and be come mired in places where an or | diary wheeled armored motor car be hopelessly mired down to {| the hubs The tanks are of various sizes and designs, each later model being an improvement over -its predecessors This was too slow, and the Germans Fesoon found a way to destroy them. Before a tank could get back to shel- ter after a raid the German observers were able to wireless its position to their artillery, which promptly drop- ped shells on it. The latest tanks are lighter than their predecessors, have gasoline engines of over five bundred dorsepower and travel at the remarkable speed of eighteen miles an hour. Although tails, all tanks have the common eharacteristic of being divided into three mail compartments between the two side caterpillar frames. The first is the observation compartment are perched high above the ground to direct the movements of the huge steel beast. In the middle is the am- munition room from which the guns carried In the two side turrets are fed. At the rear is the engine room. From two to four gaBolire engines are used, these driving the rear axie and its integral sprockets over which the caterpillars run The later run over an idler pulley or sprockets at the extreme front ends and are sup ported by means of rollers attached to the upper portion of frame op each side when passing over the ton. This movement of the caterpillar the ordinary variety of garden insect with the same nate, which similarly lays down its own track and bump- ing its back continuously and regard- less of the land surface. The tanks are steered by a pair of small ordinary wheels at the rear. These are supported in a pivot on a frame extended from the rear. They are merely for steering, and support none of the weight of the tank except when bridging wide trenches or dips in the surface. Steering can also be accomplished by making one cat- arpillar go faster than the other by manipulating clutches on the driving nechanism. Turks on the West Front. Unusugl significance attaches to the despgtch from Copenhagen stat- ing that "Berlin is thronged with Turkish troops en route to the west- ern front." Heretofore 'the chief function of the Turkish troops and their German officers has been to keep Turkey intact and maintain the Turkish line in Asia. This was part of the Kaiser's plan for an empire from the Persian gulf to the North Sea. But the British and the Rus- sians now threaten to cut the empire into several parts, and its castern capital, Bagdad, has already fallen into British hands If, in the face of thig disaster, the German war party has seen fit te compel Turkey 'to send troops to the west front, the Germans bard pressed. They must have aban doned the Bagdad railroad project and have concluded ttat the outcome of the war is being decided along what remains of the Hindeaburg line. It may be, of course tha! Tur key has many more troops than La been suspected, and that the Gor mans have brought some reserves ti the west front merely in order t« stimulate Turkish intcrest in the scope of the war. But it would seen that if the Turks had reserves te spare they would use them ia du. fending their own terrilory, The presence of Turkish troons 1 the German tremches in France wil stimulate the Franco-Eritish trou; to greater efforts. The prosp.ct « adding to German cruelty to the non combatant victims of warfare, th kind of atrocities practiced on Chris tian peoples by the Turks ids te spur the troops of any Clrist a nation (o heroic deeds. In short, ti Germans have added another josul it all the plainer to the world that Prussianism must be crushed and Europe. Mexico's Largest Ship. A steamship of 250 tons the largest steamer ever Mexico, it is said. and will be capable eof twenty-four first-class passengers in addition to freight. : ------ The rates of the older member: of the Sons of Scotland Benevol ' Association will be increased. Red Cross appeals for contributions. The first ones had « maximum speed | of from six to eight miles an hour. | varying in size and de- | in which the driver and his helper | belts is exactly analgeous to that of | ! 3 {badly run down but that my nervous| obtained in any I lost| favorite with the epicures and also | slept | having a wide use as a substitute for STRENUOUS WORK SOON TELLS ON YOU Business Men hd Breadwinners the Vic- tims of Nervous Exhaustion. When worry is added to overwork {men soon become the victims of ner vous exhaustion neurasthenia-- the |dector calls it. Some have no reserve strength in their tems to bear th l«train; others t atrength they have nervous and no you sleep badly {and aching. you: order Other sign take proper interest in your appetite | K feels weak; you are lepress jed in spirits. One of th signs mean that hould tak prompt nourishing the they thrive on Wp tired out inability your work your. back atly more step to p mischief by with the namely the rich, red {blood made by Dr. Williams Pink Pills. These pills have cured thous |ands of cases of nervous disorders {including nervous prostration, neu- | ralgia, St. Vitus dance and partial | paralysis. Here is an éxambple Mr P. H. Callan. a well known business {man in Coleman, PE. I. say I owe my present health. if life itself ito Dr. Williams Pink Pills I had always been an active man, and when nerve f00¢ 1 began to run down in health paid; rank next to the cattle. and I thought it i family in general utility, and are the | little attention to it as only a temporary weakness As | passed, however, 1 found time itor, who sail™shat I was not only system was badly shattered flesh, my appetite was poor, | | badly, and notwithstanding the |tor's treatment, grew so that I had to leave my business and was confined to the house. Time went on fand I was steadily growing weaker jand my friends were all greatly al armed for my condition. In this con |dition I was strongly recommended to try Dr. Williams Pink Pills, and as {the doctor's medicine was not help ling me I decided to do so Jv the {time I had used three boxes I could {tell that they were helping me When 1 had taken eight boxes of the pills I felt abie to attend to my business again, and people were prised to see me out. I continued the use of the pills until I had taken |twelve boxes, by which time I was feeling as well as ever, and was be ling congratulated by my friends on {my full restoration to health I feel now that if I had used Dr. Williams {Pink Pills at the outset I would not {only have saved much money spent {in doctor's bills, but would have had | renewed health sooner I cannot speak too highly of this medicine and would recommend it to e | man who feels weak, nervous or run down You can get these pills any medicine dealer, or by mail 50 cents a box, or six boxes for $2 from The Dr. Williams' Medicine Co | Brockville, Ont doe weak through must be | Compton county carried the Can- { ada temperance act by a wajority ex pected when the polls are all heard { from, to exceed 3,000, the largest | yet for prohibition in the Eastern | Townships. The most successful sale of horns in Canada in many years {held at Elora, sixty-three head | clusive of calves at foot being sold | for $49,150, the top price being $2, 600, | R.S. Muir, who opposed Sir James | Whitney in Dundas in the late Pre | mier's last campaign, died in Toron- | to on Thursday. | 'The Liberals in the Provincial rid- | Ing of St. Catharines have organized an association. myself [ animals of America. growing worse, and consulted a doc-| the deer has always sur- | | has been conducted was to unite the help. Miss Stinson has made several long flights in a Curtiss aeroplane, dropping "bomb¥" filled with Surely Miss Stinson is "doing her bit." ! Tal WW VENISON FOR ALL. suggested for Meat Shortage, s t of being about one cent Ccliizens, may in the near become as common and cheap a8 mutton, is the prospect held out by Charles A. Sidman, an American citizen, who advocates the wider use of deer-meat for food and the breed ing of these animals for the purpose, If we can raise foxes for their fur, says Mr. Sidman, then we can raise deer and elk for their meat Ihis, of course, does not necessarily mean animals must be domesti- | cated like cattle. That would prob- | ably be impossible It has already | been tried unsuceessfully many times | | With the 'common deer It does | | mean, however, that they would be | bred and kept in herds Writes Mr idman; I'he production of venison. for the | market is as legitimate a business as the production of beef and mutton laws, when prohibitory, should be so modified as to encourage the industry Elk and deer may be rais ed to advantage in forests and on rough, brushy ground unfitted for either agriculture or stock-raising thus utilizing for profit much land that Is now waste. One of the added | advantages is that the business is, well adapted to landowners of small means, 'The members of the deer family sheep | familiar to only per | | of our | future that these The most important of the big-game | The meat of ! been a staple article of food, whenever it could be quantity, being a | beef and mutton. It resembles these | meats in texture, color, and general | characteristics. The flavor is also | distinctive and suggests mutton | | rather than beef. | "The general popularity of venison is so great and the demand for it so | widespread that overproduction is | most improbable The other pro ducts of the deer, skin and horns, | are of considerable importance, and. | in countries where deer are abun {dant and especially where large | herds are kept in semidomestication, | the commerce in both is very exten ing of deer for profit does 2ssarily imply that they | should be domesticated. T bey may | be kept in large preserves with sur- roundings as nearly natural as pos- sible and their domestication entirely ignored. In this manner the breeder may reap nearly all the profit that | could be expected from a domestic | herd, while the animals escape most | of the dangers incident to close cap- | tivity. ' ORIGINAL FEATURE IS OBSERVED en. oronto Weekly Sur It will be well in the celebration of the sem| centennial of Confederation to be held next week to reflect for a moment on the difficultis which Confderation has still to surmount The plan upon which Confederalion r provinces by forcing trade east and west and by avoiding trade with the United States. The plan has been tried out at enormous cost, but with- out complete success. National unity is apparently as far off as in 1867. Trade refuses to follow the channel provided and the future of industry is uncertain, The Y.M.C.A. raised over a million dollars in their recent Canadian campaign. to civilized natidghs, and bave mads | that the Turk must be driven frow | ross | which a Mexican is planning to burl i at Vera Cruz will, if completed, be | built in ! The wessel is to | ply along the Gulf coast of Mexico, | carrying | } { Relieving | | | | Cornwall Mild Ale an? Porter Delicious Summer Drinks ~. em SON D2 SSS Served cold at all leading Hotels, "Restaurants, etc. _-- St. Lawrence Brewery Limited Cornwall - Ontario. Save the Food and Serve the Empire ! The Average Canadian Family Wastes Enough to Feed a Soldier "The Kitchen must help as well as the Workshop and the Trenches' Lloyd George. YE LcENT economy in the kitchen can do much to prevent the threatened } } world famine --can countera@ the effe@ of high prices-- and can replace growing debt with systematic saving. Careful investigations show that before the war the average British family wasted 25% of their food--and we Canadians were even more extravagant. This waste is not in a few big things, but in many little ones, each, we used to think, too small to bother about--such as careless peeling of vegetables and fruit--failure to make good use of dripping and "left- overs'--and such others as will occur to every thrifty housekeeper. For the Empire's sake as well as your own, hunt up and cut out these leaks! You'll be helping to relieve the food shortage --saving our own money--and putting yourself in a position to buy Canadian ar Savings Certificates and help win the war. War Savings Certificates are issued in denominations of $25, $50 and $100, to be repaid in three years at full face value. They cost $21.50, $43 and $86 respectively, at all Money Order Post- Offices and Banks, thus yielding over 5% Interest. Should you need it, you can get your money back at any time. 19 The National Service Board of Canada, OTTAWA. P. 7. DALLEY CO. OF CANADA LTD., NAMILTON, CAN.