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for high treason was that of THE VISCOUNT TAAFFE | ONLY BRITISH PEER IN ARMS ON oi SIDE OF GERMANY Not rianie to Old Penalties-- ¢ an , «Be Executed, but Not Quartered-- y Dates From Boyve "But one peer of the British rea'm 38 now" bearing arms against Eng- , Damely, Viscount Taaffe, of "Gorren, 12th holder of this Irish e, and also Lord of Ballymote, in the County of Sligo. He Is serving in the Austrian army, as €aptain of Emperor Francis Joseph's Dragoon regiment, which is in the field in Alsace-Lorraine, co-op- Srating with the German troops, 'there against the allied English and 'rench forces. * Under the laws which existed in iRngland about 44 years ago, the that Lord Taaffe had borne arms against King, George and that he had been guilty of assisting any public enemy at war with his majes- ty a such war by any means what- #soever" would have been sufficient to &ttaint his two Irish peerages, the + Viscounty of Taaffe and the Barony Ballymote, both of which would "have Suen fotfelted, along with his Y, to the crown, as 8 rape! those of a But in 1870 it was enacted by rliament that there should no nger be any attainder or forfeit- the on Selvistion of high treason, . calle: octrine of "corruption 'of blood, hoth upwards and down- Wards." being abolished As inhuman. Viscount Taaffe has no possessions 'Within the limits of the United King- dom and freland, But even if he Bad, these could not now be de- €lared forfeited, although they might be seized by .the British gov- ernment and held until the close of the conflict. 'Nor if Viscount Taaffe were cap- tured by the English could he be . he-dreadful a: 1 alties formerly inflicted upon 0s¢ who have been guilty of trea- »80n, and which provided that the offender 'be drawn on a hurdle to the place of execution, there hanged By the neck, but not until he be dead, and that while yet alive he be PAGE FOURTEEN - ce wis commuted to transportation for life in Tasmania. Mitchell escaped to the United States, became editor of the Enquir- er at Rict mond, Va., and of the Irish Citizen of New York, and died as member of parliament for County Tipperary, being! received on the oe- ¢asion of his return to Ireland in 1874, with the utmost enthusiasm. O'Brien served but six years of his sentence, and then received a free pardon, returning to his native land, With regard to Viscount Taaffe, there is this to be said in his behalf, namely, that although he is a British peer, he has never been a British ci- tizen, being a native and- citizen of Austria, of .which empire his father was for many years prime minister. The present: Viscount Taaffe has succeeded his father in the possess- ion of his very extensive and valu- able estates in Bohemia and in Hun-| gary, and 'also in his title of Count of Austria, and of the Holy Roman empire, bestowed upon hls ancestor by. emperor Leopold, II, 200 years Ago or more. | Taaffe Claim Rejected. In 1912 Viscount Taaffe appliea| to the British crown for permission | to exercise his rights and 'preroga- tives as a peer of the kingdom of Ireland. But the committee of pri- vileges of the House of Lords, on the recommendation of the lord high high: chancellors of Great Britain and of Ireland, and of the attorney- generals of the two kingdoms, re- jected his claim, The refusal wae :ased on his objector tu ubardon Lie Austrian allegiance» and Lis com- mission in the Austrian army, in or- der to become a-British sul ent, It was admitted that he was the lawful owner of the two Irish peer- ages in question, but, that as an al-| ien, and as giving his alleglance to a | foreign sovereign, he could not bel parmitted to exercise any of the leg-| islative prerogatives of 4 pio of tr vl British realm. | ~the--lrish Vis. counts Taaffe' with Austria dates | from the Battle of the Boyne, at] which the chird viscount was killed, | fighting for King James, his honors | developing in his brother Francis, | who hal already at the time attained | ¥0 great d.tiuction in the Austrian 'disemboweled, and that his body ne divided Into four quarters, the head and quarters to be at the disposal of the crown." 1 Death Without Trimmings. !. These medieval methods of pun- ishment were abolished in 1870, and Were restricted to ordinary death, without any of the ghastly trim- «amings above described. It may be "taken for granted that anyone sen 20 the scaffold for high treason in Great Britain nowadays would meet » with his death by hanging, in the Same was as an ordinary murderer But the secretary of state is empow- ered by statute to order, if he sees 'fit, that the sentence be changea . from hanging to decapitation. The last occasion on which a man 'wus condemned to death in England the Australian-born journalist and phy- siejan, Dr. Arthur Lynch, now Na- tionalist member of parliament from nty Clare Just 11 years have elapsed since he was convicted of treason at the Old Bailey mn Tondon, the capital sentence im- upon him being subsequently commuted to penal servitude for life . He served only a year of his term, was then liberated on a ticket-of- Jeave by the unionist government, ' 'and received a free pardon from the orown when the liberals came into in 1906. > ' ""Lynch's high treason consisted in "having commanded, as colonel, 'pecond Irish brigade under the r flag in South Africa against the lish. When reproached last arch in the House of Commons by Lord Hugh Cecil for having borne arms against the British empire admitted that at the time when he fought with the Boers he had not much respect for the British consti tution, having been born of Irish - parents. He added that he had been tried and condemned to death, which had uced reflection; that since then gland had done a great deal both 'for England and for Ireland. and that if Great Britain were again at faeked by any foreign foe, he would fight her. His explanation was re ed with good" humor and cheer: om both sides of the house. Tu pr---- bo Hoa Very Brilliant Man. * Lynch is a very brilliant man, iraduate of the universities of Mel gene, Berlin, and Paris, a doctor of medicine in France, and a mem ser of the Royal College of Sur goons in England. It is in the lat- fer capacity that he has volunteered for service in the field against Ger- Her notable trials for treason during the last hundred, years was that of the 13th' Lord Inchiquin's brother, William Smith O'Brien, des A ant of British Boru, and also jat of the gifted John Mitchel, now mayor of New York. * Both were convicted of treason at bliin in 1848, for inciting rebell- fon against the government; and while John Mitchel: was sentenced jo 14 years' transportation to the v colony of Tasmania, O'Brien sentenced to death by hanging, disemboweling, decapitation quartering. O'Brien's sentens wo surprise a Christian Herald HAVE BEAUTIFUL, LUSTROUS, FLUFFY HAIR--25 CENT DANDERINE falling twir--of dandruff or falling hair: bui ng hair; but your iervice, that the pe.rages an' es- tates were, at the "instance of King William and Queen Mary, specially exempted from the attainder that was meted out to the other peers| who had already at the time attained | of the Stuarts. The fifth and sixth Viscounts; Taaffe also achieved fame in Austria the sixth, indeed, being remembered to this cay throughout the Austro- Hungarian empire for his introdue-| tion of the culture of the potato, from whench it may be assumed that he remembered his native land Whereas the late Viscount Taaffe was persons gratissima at court, and! a 'boyhood friend of cis Joseph, who alw¢ him witn the familiar "Du", the pre- sent peer has lived for years past altogeticr on his estat2s, ajouf from court, anc from the gre werld in congequease of his mar lage with a girl of ve¢, aumble birth, as Magda Fuchs, was at one time a fooilight favorite in Vienna. Her name should be included among. those ac- tresses who have .become through marriag2s peeresses of the British realm" addressed CHILD LIFE UNPLEASANT. Numerous Ordeals For Boys Girls in African Countries. and * Child life in Africa has few plea- sures and many sorrows, and it is a state of constant reversal and change From the time of a boy's birth until he has gone through the 'devil bush," he is little thought of; but as soon as he has passed through its terrible ordeals and practices he is egarded as a man and an asset in he native community With a girl it is different. very hard to procure girls for mission stations, because they are onsidered specially valuable as workers and possible money-bring ars until the period arrives for them to enter and pass through the "gree- gree' bush ordeal. Then they are regarded as women and eligible for martiage, and * their industrial value decreases. Still, if they raise large families, their mar- ket value keeps up in a measure, for n certain sections of Africa tribal custom permits a man to sell, lean or rent out his wives, or keep them in household glavery, or give them their freedom. Freedom is conferred by presenting the wife 'with the long tooth of a leopard, which indicates that she is no longer a slave, but a free woman --not a divorced wife. It is the Record Breaking Beard. Brooklyn Citizen The longest beard recorded history was that of John Mayo, painter to Emperor Charles V. Though he was a tall man, it is sa¥d that his beard was of such length that he could tread upon it. He was very valn of it and usually fas- tened it with a ribbon to his button- hole, and sometimes he would untie it by command of the emepror, who took great delight in seeing the wind blow_it in the faces of his courtiers, Unfortunately all classical music doesn't have the accent on the class. in and dying ten years later. i ~ enrich numerous | venirs made from them,' Emperor ¥ran-| {jie "THE DAILY BRITISH WHIG, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 10, 1914, - FAMOUS CURFEW POEM! IT WON ONLY. FAME FOR THE AUTHORESS., Mrs. Rose Hartwick Thorpe Never Received Pecuniary Reimburse. inent for Contribution -- Souvenir Seller in England Reaped Rich Harvest. Mrs. Thorpe in Washington Post. "When I was sixteen and * wrote 'Curfew Shall Not Ring Tomight,' I little Imagined that it was destined to make famous the little church in England where its scene was laid, publishers and make 4 fortune for the man who bought the timbers upon which the old bell was hung and sold as sou- "Directly, 1 never received a pen- ny from the poem or its sale, but, of course, it gave me a name, and enab- led me to find .a market for other poems I have written. It also gave me recognition from Queen Victoria, and, in fact, the people of England have shown much more appreciation for the work than the people in my own country.' "Was the incident true of which the poem was written?" "Indeed fit was, and has since then proved so, although I did not know it at the time. I am past 64, and I wrote the poem on April 3rd, 1867, at Litchfield, Mich., The in- cident was taken from a story in Peterson's Magazine of September, 1856, the story being called "Love and Loyalty." I sent the poem to the Commercial Tribune of Defroit, and the editor published it. It seem- ed almost instantly to gain recogni- tion. The editor wrote to me and said that he felt ashamed to have taken the poem, but that they did not pay for such matter. He told me it had been copied. all over the world, and that I should send my other productions to magazines, ------iit-attracted- ¥ England that Queen Victoria appoin- ted a commission to vertify the inci- dent. The commission traced it down, located the church at Chert- and found the old bell, which was cast in 1310. An enterprising Englishman took the timbers and used them to make clappers for mi- niature bells, which he sold as souv- enirs. He reaped a harvest. But I have had my reward in knowing the people of the world appreciated the story I told, as innumerable tes timnonials I have received testify." so-muen sey, Humors of the War The London Financial News says that the kaiser, should he be x i attention--int-- LONDON THEW PARIS 'BRUSSELS \ EUROPE @-' SEES IT To get close to the thought of the peoples who are in the throes of war read their home newspapers--the newspapers of England, of France, of Germany, of Russia, of Austria, of Belgium, of Servia. THE LITER- ARY DIGEST receives every important newspaper published in Europe and specially trained editors read and translate and reproduce for American readers the great war-facts and opinions as printed in these foreign newspapers. Buy Lif 5 gach week's number of THE LITERARY DIGEST (al! newsdealers have it-- price RETROGRAD VIENNA its literature--everything worth printing THE LITERARY DIGEST is read every throned, would come to New and'bulld a mansion on Fifth aven-{ ue. : A British agent buying mules foi British army rejects all ey He says they can be seen mules too far. The Widow Bonnard in Paris sent nine fons to the war and all were wounded, but all will recover. After a sharp battle near Crecy a heavy thunderstorm came up ano the French soldiers stripped and en joyed a shower bath, the first since the war began. A shell exploded in a group o French soldiers and a dozen or more were killed. One man, who had botl legs and an arm blown off, implorec his superior officer to kill him. The officer put a bullet through the sol dier's heart, saying "It 'is bette: poor devil," The officer opened his mouth to speak again and a bille struck him in the mouth and killec him. A Turco soldier brought back fron one of the engagements with the Germans the head of one of the enemy. When the officers ordered i taken away from him and buried, the Turco raged so that he was placed in the guard house. a A troop of 28 Prussian soldiers, ignorant of the progress of the Ger man advance line, asked a peasant n Paris if the German had taker the city "Yes," said the peasant, * will show you the road." The pea ant led the troopers into the Frenct ilpes., near A company of British dragoons called unexpectedly into action, were accompanied by their farrier. whe armed only with a sledge hammer gave a good account of himself. The, King of the Tonga Islands in the South Pacific has declared neu trality. Jules Vedrines, the French ° air man, is chafing because the officers will not give him more latitude in scouting. "If they will permit me' he says, "I will leavé my visiting card at.the Royal Palace in Berlin." Comradship Iii The Field. English- newspapers which have been received contain hp pleasant anecdote of the fighting at Mons. It comes from the French paper the Liberte, and concerns a Scottish re- giment which.is not named. This re- giment was occupying a trench swept by violent rifle fire and artillary fire, when two privates noticed that a Frenchman attached to the bat talion as interpreter occupied the week by a million businéss and profes- 'sional men--men who keep right up even with time in everything that is happening around the world. All newsdealers--10 cents 10 cents) and get a "digest" of the war news as printed in Europe: the things which are being said and done in Europe's war centres. The idea of each number of THE LITERARY DIGEST is to gather up and edit the news of the world for one week--war, science, discovery, politics, art, The Jiterary Digest FUNK & WAGNALLS COMPANY (Publishers of the Famous NEW Standard Dictionary) NEW YORK and everything printed worth reprinting. o This great national illustrated weekly has made A Bic Hit in its presentation of war news a = THE LITERARY DIGEST FOR SALE AT | Baker's bids Ju Jo iy | Also All Papers & vvewwwe: most exposed spot in the trench. One real surprise will be after about two weeks' use, when you will see new |. hair--fine and downy at first--yes-- but really new "haii---sprouting out all over. your scalp--Danderine is, {Wwe believe, the only sure hair grow- er; destroyer of dandruff and cure for itehy. scalp and it never fails to stop falling hair at once. It you want to prove how pretty and soft your hair really is, moisten a cloth with a little Danderine and carefully draw it through your hair «taking one small strand at a time.. Your hair will be soft, glossy and just a few moments private said: "The French man is "badly placed; let's widen his trench," and during a minute, paying no at- tention to the hail of bullews an! rapnel, the privates deepen:d the trench, and with same calm resumed their places. " ---- » Fallacies About Fish Food. A noted medical authority al- though he considers fish as an ex: cellent food, calls attention to cer- tain fallacies about it. "It is often stated," he says, "that .fish is ? food which ministers particularly to the needs of the brain b ft contains phosphorus. As a matter of fact fish does not contain more phosphorus than do ordinary meat foods, and it certainly does not con- tain it in the free state. The hy perior officer declare phlegm between as thing, gentlemen, Does not the { The Imperturbable Britisher. "Our brave allies have two domin- ating preoccupations," a Frenchman who has been acting as interpreter LH Lig] army \ INVINCIBLE! King George's CHEWING TOBACCO TASTE THE LINGERING FLAVOR !-- Made of choice tobaccos which, through our own blending pro- cess, retain ali their rich: full, natural flavor. Trv it to-dayv.--- You'll like it. --MADE IN CANADA-- Sold Everywhere: 10c a Plug ROCK CITY TOBACCO CO. LIMITED QUEBEC, CANADA wn upon him, lighting ag an- peace. When, after af other cigarette as if he were - British ia ing in the libr of .the Maribor. h ¢ an ave lig