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< -- 'pay £50 to possess it. Charts Seven Hundred Years Ago 'weEngland"s Experience is of Unique Importance--Covery Vast Period of Time a From Publie Opinion, "Those who may act oF put back 'the clock of civilization and preach 'the gospel of might being right are 'traftors to humanity." Mrs. Philip Snowden, : In a London auction room last week there was put up for sale a marrow bit. of old parchment, and pome one thqght it worth while to It was a contemporary copy of «Magna Charta, of which next year we shall celebrate the signing (on 'June 15, 1915)~-700 years after. No less than thirty-seven times "have our kings been called on sol- emnly to confirm it," say the histori- ans, . What We Have Won Recent events have brought home 10 those who realize how stern and Btrd has been the uphill fight in "those 700 years to open the gates of ~ liberty and to fling them wide, how "Wrgent -§4 the task of maintaining All that our fathers have won, to say nothing of broadening their bounds. * The gains of even 700 years of civilization have not been so great find complete that we can afford to Bo back one step or lose one advan- tage gained. And all those 'of good will and all those who cherish the goals 'won have it laid upon them that the sup- réemest task of the moment, supreme ver every little party gain of the}. ay, is to maintain intact the great principles of representative govern- faent, the rules of the state which human experience has justified, and y Obedience to the common will as ex- pressed hy parliament and the min- istry of the day. Our Strenuons Story Some indication of the great as- wets which the British people possess in thelr ordered government, and whieh they stand to lose if they are Nightly valued or trampled under foot is given in am article in the Edin- burgh Review, called "The Signific- ance of Kingship,' and they help to explain why England is England and Mexico is Mexico, "England's experience is of unique importance in the history of human institutions," says the writer in the Edinburgh paper. "Her experience covers a vast period of time and al- ~ most every possible phase of human passion and weakness, human nobil- ity and self-sacrifice, not on the part of men only, but of women also; not on the part of one class only, but of all classes; not on the part of one race only, but of almost every type "of humanity that has achieved dis- tinction on the wide plains of Eur- ope. Our Common Law "Slowly through centuries Eng- iand has gathered into her living self races, institutions, customs, laws. Slowly, by an ordeal as of fire and endless strain on the anvil of ex- perience, she welded out of the pro- fuse material supplied by all ages ud all elimes her common law and her palitical constitution. "Each has served, and served well, in times of agony and stress, and t less well in even 'more dangerous mes of ease and vast prosperity, a people that has been unconsciously great and has given its sons with splendid lavishness to the enlarge- ment of the frontiers of civilization. "Not only has England's common aw halved the world with the law of Rome, but her political institutions have won the whole world for them- selves, though with varyihg meas- 'ures of success. To Reject Tyranny "If intellectual equality could be evoked with political equality there would, perhaps, be no need to possess & constitution so adjusted as to coun- terbalance the strivings of ambitious or corrupt natures; but since any- thing more than the political equality of men is inconceivable, it is neces- an to possess a governmental ma- ne that almost automatically re- jets the tyranny of any single mind } OF group of minds," says the writer. © "Yet, at the same time, the ruling _ power of a nation, as Dante points out in his 'De Monarchia,' must be " @ unit. 'The ruling power, in its im- act with affairs, must be a single ree. _t have then to find a unit at sl represent t resultant force of the nation at be moment, that shall be dominanf and yet shall avoid any such tyranny. No division # Two Doctors -Chase's Nerve Food Cured Two Most doctors feel helpless when Brought face to face with nervous on. They do not understand of the nerves very well, and réry is often so slow that both 'and patient lose patience. this reason the results accom- ied by Dr. Chase's Nerve Food 'almost beyond relief. - And yet lis tireatment does not perform mir- but works in the most natural jinable to produce health standing which was thorough- ag by Dr. Chase's Rd ae 2 of powers must appear; no breach of continuity in guidance must arise. The mind of the nation must be rep- resented with only such changes as arise from changes of thought, not changes In personality nor multipli- caution of guides. > Dante's Ideal * "In that remarkable word, Dante's 'De Monarchia,' there is a passage that cannot be too often quoted, It is thus rendered in Dr. Phillp Wick- steed's fine translation: " 'Right government, so conceived, contemplate freedom to wit, that men should exist for their own sakes. For the citizens are not there for the sake of the consulsp nor the nation for the sake of the king) hit con versely, the. consuls for the 'sake of the citizens, the king for the sake of the nation, For just as the conduct of the state is not established for the benefit of the laws, but the laws for the benefit of the conduct of the state, 80 too they who live under the law are not ordained for the benefit of the legislator, but rather he for theirs, as saith the philosopher again in what has been left him qn the present matter. Henc® it is clear that albeit the consul or king may ed in practice, The sovereign of England is sovereign by virtue of a statutory title. - The crown passes 'at the moment of the aneéstor"s death' to the nearest Protestant heir of the body of the Electress. Sophia, thé grand-daughter of King James I, who has handed down to our time he succession of Saxon, Norman, An- gevin, Plantagenet, Tudor and Stu- art kings "There 18 no breach of continnity in English kingship. The king né¥ét dies. ut, the people have determin- ed the Iine of kingship. In exclud- ing thé descendants of King James 1 by the aef of Settfement of 1702, the nation, "gdys Dr. Rudolph Gneist in his histery of the English constitu- tion, 'emancipdted itself from the male linecof a dynasty which had ut- terly misunderstood and neglected every duty of the crown and every task imposed by the times." But the nation secured the continuity of kingship and the sense of unbroken national life when it settled the throne once more in another strand of the immemorial line. A Methodist King "At the same. time the nation secured what is believed to be an es- pra From which messages for help the way, vet with respect to the end they are servants of others; and the 'monarch most of all, for he must as- suredly be regarded as the servant of all. Hence it may begin to ap- pear at this point how the monarch is conditioned ml the end set before him in laying down the laws.' Government by Majorities "The principle of government majorities is unquestionably to be preferred to that of government by hereditary legislators in so far as the two principles come into confliet," says the Edinburgh. "It is to be preferred even when it reduces itself 10 an apparent absurdity, as for in- stance, when the contending parties are so evenly balanced that the vote of a discharged lunatic turns the scale. For, in spite of this and other logical absurdities, the principle on the whole works well, especially in England. It is a useful convention; for while it does little harm to those who are or imagine themselves to be intelectually above the average, it gives a sense of self-satisfaction to the great multitude that is only just up to our below the average. "The principle of representation by majorities creates an atmosphere of equity that is of the highest value in therealm of ' government. The hereditary principle, as applied to legislation is resented by the people and creates a sense of unfairness and an afmosphere of revolt that is of the greatest danger. Moreover, 'in matters of taxation thi# principle of representation sebures practical checks that would be impossible un- der any other system. But on the whole it is wiser not to employ in testing political institutions the 'higher intellect' of pure reason, but rather the 'lower intellect' of experi- ence, which in practice gives us ap- proximate solutions of theoretically insoluble problems. ~/ -- . The King Never Dies "In the same way, the principle of kingship must not be judged on a priori assumptions, but tested by ex- perience. And the experience of England shod how the elective and by described 8 case of three | Chase hereditary principles can be reconcil- in es nas, Nervous Prostration and Frequent Headaches Had Failed She Began Using Dir. and Was Completely Years Ago. vous prostration for nearly three years. I had frequent headaches, had no appetite and. was troubled with my heart. - After consulting two doctors without obtaining satis- factory results I began the-kise of Dr. Chase's Nerve Food, and was com- pletely cured by this treatment. It is nearly a year since I was cured, and 1 want others to know 'of thi splendid medicine. I now attend to my housework with pleasure and comfort, and am glad to have the opportunity of recommendin Dr. 's Nerve Food." = By noting your increase in weight You can prove bevond question the benefit that your system is obtaining m the use of this great food cure. Dr. Chase's Nerve WIRELESS DEPARTMENT OF EMPRESS OF Ar be master of others with respect to IRELAND. were sent, which were picked up by a couple of government steamers nearby. A A - An sential of national health; it associ- ated. kingship for ever in England with the principles of the reforma- tion. There are only two things that can in law unseat an English king: death and communion with the Church of Rome, Apparently, as the late Professor Maitland peinted out, the king could without danger to his throne renounce the Church of Eng- Jand and become a Wesleyan Method- ist. "It is important to realize for how vast a length of time the ancestors of our present king werasubject to the preservative forces of constitutional law, In the thirteenth century, af- ter the great Norman kings had fin- ally consolidated the land and stamp- ed it with national characteristics, we find Bracton stating (to use Pro fessor Mhitland's words) 'The king [is above no man, but he is below Goa and the law; law makes the king: the king is bound to obey the law, though, if he breaks it, his punish ment must be left to God.' "The thirteenth century did not distinguish between legal and mora: and religious duties, and the moral pressure of that age had as much weight as legal pressure in this. The cases of Edward II and Richard 1! show that the idea of divine heredi tary right had already passed away save in Dante's sense. From Henry II's time constitutional law and the common law swiftly grew side by side. When we reach the Tudor age we see, despite the wast persona! power of the sovereign, due largely to the dominant nature of the Tudor family, that the king, was bound on all sides by law and that his ser- vanits were already responsible for his acts: 'His commands would shield no one who had broken the law," To-day the king necessarily relies on his ministers for the time being, though in fact the sovereign has always in recent times hrought to bear on problems arising out of the royal prerogative a wealth of know- help to the advisers of the crown. bem But Ministers Decide "An acute American scholar and observer, A. Lawrence Lowell, the professor of the science of govern- nient 'in Harvard university, in his remarkable volume on 'The Govern- cording to the earlier theory of the constitution, the ministers were the counsellors, of the king. It was for them td advise and for him to decide. Now the parts are almost reversed. The king is consulted and the minis- ters decide." The king does not en- ter into party strife. The views of his cabinet are laid before him and before parliament 'ag if they were the views of one mag.' Mr. Glad- stone declared that 'there is not a doubt that the aggregate of direef influence normally exercised by the sovereign upon the counsels and pro- dpedings of his ministers is consider- able in amount, tends to permanence and solidity of action, and confers much benefit upon the country.' '"The English throne offers nc scope for personal ambition other phan 'the ambition to reign over a happy and contented people. Againse weaknesses or badness or personal ambitien on the part of the sover- eign seven centuries of constitutional development in all kinds of political weather huve at last adequately guarded the English people," = St. JohB, N.B., council has ap proved of 4 lease of land to the Can- ada Nail and Wire Co, limited, for a 'site for & new factory, carpets in illustration. NEW YORK NAN BOOMERANG IN KINDNESS How Endless Chain Gift Good Cheer to Many Herald. Macarius: was an ascetic of Upper Egypt, who lived in the fourth cen- tury A.D. Many wonderful tales are related concerning his piety. It said that he was extremely 'harit- able. On one occasion, when he was quite an old man, some one gave him a beautiful bunch of grapes. He was very sorely tempted to eat them, but suddenly remembered an older friend, so he sent him the luscious fruit with his blessing as to one need- ier than himself. Struck with the self-denial of the giver, the older man, instead of eat- ing the grapes, followed Marcarius' example and'sent them to some one who he believed would find greater benefit and pleasure than he. And so the bunchief fruit, undiminished, travelled from hand to hand, each time passing with a blessing until one day it eame back to Marcarius himself, wha accepted it unhesi- tatingly as having accofhiplished that which he intended, in bringing cheer and blessing to many and in stimu- lating self-denial and generosity. Brought "hristian is Healing the Sick Lord Sandwich, whe claims to possess the power of healing the sick by suggestion, is fourth from descent from the peer whose name crystal- lized in - half a dozen languages lédge that has proved of immense rthrough his having ordered a waiter to place some meat between two slices of bread and bring it to him as he sat at gards. The inventor of the sandwich was nicknamed Jem- my Twitcher, owing to his awkward shambling gait. One gf his friends objected to going out with Lord Sandwich, "because he always walks down both sides of the street at once." The earl himself once rejat- ed that "when in Paris I had a danc- ing' master. The man was very civil, and on my taking leave I offered to do what I could for him-in London. 'Then,' said 'the man, profoundly bowing, 'I should esteem it a particu- lar favor if your lordship woukl never tell anyone who taught you to dance." " . i Some men are dough losers riter than breadwinners. Fly Swalting Is Useless = Our Dominion Entomologist says : 1 am convinced that the practical re. sults of the fly swattingegampalgns hat have been car on by some of our nea useless as fly reducers" Hut the fact that ons ten-cent packet of WILSON'Sg FLY PADS 1g capabie of killing a bushel of files Proves them [to Le the best if all fly killers and recommends thelr Putin use td good housekeepers N'S FLY are | : all grocers wing wiv rn the largest and most com runners ever displayed. REX is the ideal health floor covering--made of long, strong, twisted wire grass, compactly woven and bound by best obtainable warp. 'CREX coverings are alivays sanitary. They do not hold dirt-- therefore are free of germs. Simply shake and refreshen'with brush and water or dampened broom. 5 Save Labor During Hot Summer Days Put away your heat-retaining woolen coverings and use cool, bright, cheerful CREX ~especially in your bedrooms and on the porch. You will enjoy luxurious comfort at trifling expense, ' hs {Fhe following suggestion is worthy of careful note: E. H. Ruddock, M. D., Ph. D. ; the eminent authority on Domestic Hygiene, says; under the heading "Carpets, Dust and Disease ;""-- An atmosphere impregnated with the dust which has gathered in The dust, especially in warm weather, presents myriads of animalculae. carpel should be cleaned often." When this truth was wriiten Dr. Ruddock did not realize that he was writing a splen- did CREX advertisement. In fact, CREX was unheggd of until several years later. Remember there is an appropriate CREX covering to match the color scheme of any room, at prices ranging from 30 cents to $15.00 according to size and pattern, CREX is the originaland genuine wire-grass floor covering, but there are imitations--against which you are warnéd. Disappointment comes with all substitutes. Look for the name CREX in the side binding as shown It's your protection and our guarantee, J CREX CARPET CO. THE DAILY BRITISH WHIG, MONDAY, JUNE 1 1914. THIS IS 1914 A 3 Do your shopping early, while is positively unhealthy. ST. PAUL "CAED MILLE FAILTHE!" (On 'the occasion of the visit of the Duke of OGonnaught, Governor- General of Canada,' and his daughter, Princess Patricia.) Ah, Paddy, dear, an' did you hear The news that's goin' roun'? An Irish girl--our Irish pearl-- ~>1s visitin' the town. Get out yer hat-- the best one that You wear St. Patrick's day- Ouh own princess--'tis no one less-- 18, here with flowers in May. Her eyes of sheen--our own coleen-- Have se=n dear Erin's Isle. Our Princess Pat! Yes, wave yer hat An' thro' me tears I'll smile. God save her Grace! Her bonny face Is sweet as Irish ajr, Her dainty ways onité to praise # The fairest of the fair. I kndw the song they've sung so long In Ireland's Emerald Isle; An' I know why o'er home they sigh, She's been away a while. "Come back to Erin, Mavourneen! Come back, Aroon, to the land. of thy hirth. Come with thesspringtime an' Sham- rock, Mavourneen, Aw' it's Killarney/shall ring with our mirth." "> I know it's wrong, but, Pat, I long To Keep her here awhile. Our skies are fair, eur beauties rare-- But there's that Irish smile. True Irish hearts in all the parts Where blessed shamrocks grow. s Are calling sweet an' I'm afeart That very soon she'll go. Mavourneen, By this an' that! Our Princess Pat Shall happy be this day. A bit of green, it's happy sheen Will lighten up her way. "Tis but a twig; a tiny sprig, Of Shamrock from the isle That gave her birth--you'll see her « mirth es A : Awaken witlh¥ mide: ¥ An emblem pure, a tribute sure From far across the sea That's how we'll greet our princess sweet---- An' how she'll smile on me! » Ah, Pat, I feel I'd ought to kneel An' thank the God above, He knew her worth an' sent to earth A princess we can lover ---Lynn LC. Doyle, St. Catharines. Two Killed by Lightning . Yarmouth, N.S. May 30.--While fishing in an electrical storm at Shag a bolt' of fightnin killed, and his pron ried at was seri- rmony, a short . was killed by distance. he Harbor Morto Smith was struck by ' assortments are complete t dealers all over the United States and Canaffa are showing this plete stock of CREX carpets, rugs and NAY To prevent this evil, the Just the thing for foundations, walks, and many other uses. Fresh stock always on hand. 3 We also handle Neponsett Wallboard for inter- ior finish. THE FRONTENAC LUMBER ANB-COAL A. CHADWICK, Manager. FISHING TACKLE ---- Come in and look over our stock. We have fish catchers, fishing poles, rods, lines, hooks, sinkers, swivels, scales, disgargers, 'etc. > Treadgold Cycle and Sporting Goods Co. #8 PRINCESS STREET. PHONE 620, KINGSTON, ONT: pte Er Cream, Butter injured. David Pearson, living]] i