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Imprisoned for life at hard labor should be the punishment of habi- _ tual criminals. The proceeds of their work, at a fair rate of com- pensation, should be apportioned “ to the support of their families; to reimburse the state for the ex- pense of their trial and mainten- anne, and to their victim for res- titution. A man therefore would hesitate to perpetrate his fourth _a1- crime if he knew that conviction a‘ _ would be followed by life impris- . omnent. The gross injustice of modern penal methods is demon- - strated by the well known fact that, " '. d 7 the innocent wife and children are «i too often the greater sufferers from . A , the punishment which society in- wsw A' 'diicts upon a criminal father. The 7 Jinan is relieved of all responsibil- tr. ity for the support of himself and ' family, and is himself assured of T' abundance of food, necessary cio- F' thing, and fairly comfortable shel- 'v,':,", ter in return for labor that is rare- 5}? 1y arduous, and which he may be i _ able to shirk to a limited extent., a In light jail sentences for minor) g. misdemeanors, no work is exactedi Cr)" f1om the culprit, and he simplyl 3 loafs, amply provided for by thol state whose laws he has violated. This is particularly aggravating in tho-case of witeleaeers, causing K many a poor woman to plead for) leniency for the brute who has mis- I 3.42‘sed her, lest she and her children l 'rs' (,r'ttsffer for bread. I S?! ankind, why ask for a human life mexpiation of crime ? A life that l man can restore. Would it not doing a greater service to hu- L ity and to the country to shut up persons who have abused their right to liberty and make them Ia- imr in the performance of a duty ta the public? He would learn that he cannot Shirk the common lot of the great, majority because he other expeaikTs, as above stated. The work should be appraised at such valuation that it would not come into competition with what is termed "free labor.” hence the abor unions would not object to - mar,Cted, Under this punishment there would mentions for capital of- he murder would be less ‘nd society would thus be the degrading effects of Earth and sea rl'C)- cifully for the provision eople and to make them appy; the human brain is limit- eszs in its power to invent and c"re- te means for gratifying; all de- ires; with every material means Tiv' happiness within the reach ofi The man behind the bars should be put to hard labor, the product of which might be sold at a fair price,", 7 roceeds be devot- ed to the bre of his family and lights to liberty by his abuse of 16. if he knew that life imprison- ment was the penalty of a fourth crime he would hesitate to com- mit the final offence which would shut him from the world forever. Work and plenty of it is the best methoel of reforming criminals. This thug, holdup man, and the loader are well aware that police stations, jails, and almshouses have opened doors, hot coffee, and pleasant reading rooms for their comfort and encouragement, and this class is far too selfish to care how their families are faring in the absence of husband and father. In- deed, the willful desertiou of wife ' and children is becoming a, serious) problem for charity organizations} to cope with.. The present penal system seems almost to put a pre-i mium ‘on vice and crime for this! class-of offenders. There is no lim- it to the number of times which “they may le convicted and serve sentences. No amount of impris-l onment deters them from further wrongdoing. In fact, they seem emboldened by the number of son- tences which they serve out, until even. murder may be added to their list of crimes. Imprisonment for life should be the fate of the habi- tual criminal, and courts should be empowered to impose such sen- ‘ tences upon those who are brought l before thorn for tho fourth time, If l, three terms in prison cannot til) form men the case is hopeless, and‘ the interests of society demand 1 that they be deprived of power to] prey upon it. The habitual crim-I inal is a perpetual menace to the" public and a, standing disgrace to ; his family, He has forfeited hislt iights to liberty by his abuse ti' 16. if he knew that life imprison- " moses unlawful mean-s to make NOTES AND COMMI ENTS I The Russian Governme‘nt has ibeen asked to buyrs0,000,0tw worth Experiment to be Tried in Thanks- giving Day Manoeuvres. A despatch from Ottawa says: 'Arrangements are under way for the formatlon of an automobile loorps in connection with the Ot- ltawa militia. It is said that up- wards of a hundred automobiles would be available to assnst in the field manoeuvres hero on Thanks, giving, Day, and it is expected a trial will be made of their practi- cability in transporting troops. car- rying supplies, keeping up lines of communication. etc. If the experi ment proves successful» here the Militia Department may encouik age the formation of similar corps in other cities. S. Rindell, a Young Swear. Has Bis Neck Broken at Cobalt. A despatoh from Cobalt says.' S Rindell, a young Swede, aged 23, who had only been a, short time in the country and had just start~ ed work in the Cobalt Central mine, met instant death on Wed., nesday afternoon about 2 o'clock. Rindell had been watching the cage going up and down and fUally walked under it as it was descend- ing. His neck was broke/ir/iii, head badly crushed. Bomb Explosions in the Streets of Barcelona. A despatch from Saragossa, Spain, says: Barcelona is evidently passing through another rdign of terror. The situation throughout Spain is disquieting, Not, a day passes in Barcelona without bomb explosions in the street, but, the Government suppresses news of these occurrences. Warnings are received of the hour and place where. explosions will accur and they are almost always fulfilled. , The success of the Switzerland . factory has demonstrated the fact 5 that liquid gas can be manufacture ) ed and sold at a prrrfib in competi- ' tion with coal gas and electricity, as nearly~every town .and village T ir Switzerland is supplied with ar- tifieial gas works and an electric lighting plant. Yet, wthin a short space of time the company has placed over 100 liquid gas installs, tions, and the demand for its pro- ,duct keeps the plant running full, capacity day and night. When l is understood that; the factory wast lbuilt more as an experiment and (for the Purpose of demonstrating the practicability of mantdactnur. ing liquid gas as a material for heating and' lighting than at a l commercial enterprise, and the fact that. all the material used is im- ported, which vastly increases the! cost of production, it can be readily seen that, greater profits might be! (obtained from the manufacture in this country, where raw ma- terial is plentiful and comparative- ly cheap. The Swiss plant burns out 480 pounds of liquid gas every day besides a considerable quan- tity of tar w h oat is may be applied are the heating and lighting of residences, public buildings, hotels and manufactori- es, and street lighting and cooking, chemical and technical laboraeor- ies. ff mixed with oxygen it pro- duces a heat so intense that an Ot'- dinary bar of iron one inch in dia- meter can be cut in two almost in, stanbly by placing it in the flame of a liquid gas burner, This Cort- centrated heating power makes it available, and especially desirable in the smelting and forging of iron and steel. Liquid gas is in Switzerland and soon will be in this country. Te is described as a transportable liquid which is simply evaporated as used, and can be used for lighting, heat- ing, cooking, soldering, and weld, ing. The advantages and conveni- ences offered by liquid gas present for it a wide field of usefulness. Among the various uses to which AN A [‘TOM OBILIC CORPS, his way; that society will no lon- ger tolerate the desertion of his family, leaving wife and children a tax upon the community, and mak- ing himself a burden to taxpayers. The danger of his children becom- ing criminals also would be lessen- ed, as the mother, having an as- sured support, would not, be oblig- ed to neglect the care of her little ones to earn their bread. Law- breakers would not only become self-supporting, but would perform their duty to society and their families. WA LK ED UNDER CIC F] RING N OF TERROR ms stain the price. i 23-26. The Jerusalem elders, while ‘recognizing and _confirming, the l'b- erty of the Gentiles, as guaranteed tn them by the great couneil, urge upon Paul a course which may dis- arm his accusers of their preju- dices. In short, he is to ally him- self with some humble Nazirites (see Num. 6. 1-21) and complete with them the final purificavcon ceremonies of a vow which they had assumed. As an evidence of good faith, he is to pay for all the sacrifices, and remain in the tem- ple until the full ordinance is ob- served. In this way the disaffected will see he does not neglect the law, and he himself will contradict none Thou_teachest . . . to forsake Moses-knowing' as we do, from the acts and words of Paul, how per- vetted was this accusation, we can understand the ferocity of his de- nunciations of these malicious Ju- daizers. I 20. Thou seest . . . how many thousands there are among the News of them that have believed--- I [t was the feast of Pentecost, about twenty-seven years after the mira- culous gift of the Holy Spirit. The greatest problem which had arisen during that time must have been the one here mentioned, that thee Jewish Christians were all zealous for the law. To them Christianity was only an improved Judaism, and they clung tenaciously to all the Mosaic ceremonials in which they had been trained. The destruc- tion of Jerusalem was necessary in cuder to make the complete break between the old and new. l 21. They have been informed con- cerning thee---Tlte verb indicates that at Jerusalem a, systematic teaching had been going on in op- position to Paul, and as a result great hostility had been aroused against him. i his own teaching Ol practice, as All the elders were present - These men constituted the govern- ment of the church, together with James. 19, He rehearsed one by one - Luke was present, but omits the de- tails of Paul's narrative, as the ground has already been covered so fully. - Verse 18. James-lt seems to be established beyond doubt that this Is one of the brothers of our Lord. He was the acknowledged head of the church at, Jerusalem. Lesson I. Paul tt Prisoner - the Arrest. Golden Text, 2 Tim. 2: 3. - What need is there to remind ourselves how unlike to this many churches are? Often the stained glass serves but to hide the sight cf squalor and the peal of the or- gan to drown the wail of woe. It seems a thing apart, set to save itself, or to serve as an oasis for duly accredited travelers in the THE SUNDAY SSHBUL THE SAME PATH OF LIFE. Lay our lives beside his and how do they look? Compare the church with her master, or, better, test it, by the community in which it stands. Do the needy, the sad, the disconsolate, the erring, the per- plexed, seek it out? Is it to them an asylum, " refuge, a living loving friend? This is the best of Chris, tianity. No matter how ornate its building, how elegant its services, how orthodox its doctrines, the church is worthy only as it moves amongst men as their burden bear- er. by their likeness to his divineness. They mock his character by analyz- ing it instead of making it, their inspiration to seek The eternal tempeiation is to cx- plain Jesus of Nazareth instead of following him, to count ourselves as satisfactory if we take what we call the right attitude toward him, avow our faith in his attributes and authority, and stand ready to defend him with syllogism against all the assaults of his critics. But a teacher's worth depends not on the ability of people to analyze him but on their catching his vision and power. The contemplation of Christ is continually being substituted for the character of Christ. Men wor- ship him by admiring terms, they are judged by their theories as to ys divinity, and seldom or never "Why call ye me Lord, Lord, and do not the things which I say?"-- Luke vi., 46. The, Christian religion has always talked about the cross as its cen- tral fact, but it has nevertheless in practice actually relegated it to a fiction. Religious people regard as a charming figure of speech that which they profess to believe to have been one of the sternest rea- lities in the life of their great lead- The Chureh Is What Its People Are, and the Duty Invoived Comes Bacrto the Individual THE TEST III CHRISTIANITY INTERNATIONAL LESSON, _ OCT. 3. 37, 38. Dost thou know Greek? Art thou not then the Egyptian?--, 1Evidently the captain knew that this Egyptian, who for some reason be suspected Paul of being, was unable to speak Greek. The ban, dit leader of the Assassins (or Sicarii), according to Josephus, in- spired his men to murder ineuen, tial Jews who were friendly to Rome Thirty thousand of these men tried to break into Jerusalem " force from the Mount of Olives, but. were dispersed, and the Egyp- tian escaped. 39. I am a Jew, of Tarsus . . . a citizen of no mean city-Tami-vas, a city of rare culture, devoted to philosophic studies, and as citizen, ship there was confided to a se- 36. Away with him-The same cry raised by the Jews against Jesus. 35. The stairs-Leading from the temple area to the castle, and un- covered, as is shown by the fact that Paul was able to address the crowd. 34. Shouted-Luke is the only New Testament writer who uses this word. Both here and in Luke 23. 21, it describes the din at ts, multitude, 31. Tidings came up to the chief captain of the band-This officerof a thousand men was stationed in the fortress Antonia, adjoining the temple, on the hill Acra. Notice, therefore, the aeeuraeyof the de- scription, "came up to," and “ran down upon them" (32). 30. Dragged him out of the term ple: and . . . the doors were shue-- This precaution was, doubtless, in- tended to prevent, a profanation of the temple by the murder which they were contemplating. " declaration that he brought ‘Greeks also into the temple. This reference to Trophiinus (verse 29), one of Paul's companions, a Gen- tile from Ephesus, was, of course, unfounded. The /'Court of Israel” was distinct from the outer court, known as the "Court of the Gen- tiles," and separated from it by a high wall, with inscriptions threat- ening death to all Gentile intrud- ers. Though Paul was not actual, ly a, subverter of the Mosaic law, ho had preached that a man was saved by faith in Christ and not, by words of the law. In the end' this would lead to a disregard " the law even among the Jews. l 28. Against the people, and the jaw, and this place-A threefold charge, namely hostility to the Jews themselves, contempt for their law, and desecration of the temple, This last charge was sppported by 27. Seven days-The appointed time for the fulfilment of the vow in the seclusion of the temple. he has already declared himself willing to become all things to all men, for the sake of the gospel, to the Jews becoming as a, Jew, that he might gain them. If we really desire the best and holiest things, if we seek the heav- enly life for all, must we not lay aside the weapons of mutual con- 1ffict and take up the tools of hu- man service? The better day for which all long will not come by any agreement on words, but it will be hastened by honest, helpful kind- ness, right and love to which all worthy leaders have called us. Both those who are seeking to a, force a "shibboleth" on the world and those who are criticizing the church for her vain pretenses are wasting time. The day is so short and human need so great; the night comes soon when we can no longer show the right life, and the true love for one another. Why waste our hours debating over history, seeking agreement, on words? Living is .religion’s most convinc- ing logic. In the field of metaphy- ‘sics most minds wander as in a maze; in the field of character and conduct even a child finds the way. They who love do not need to argue almut love; they who live its faith can let it speak for itself. No one makes any mistake who reads the religion of a, life. : THE CONSTANT DANGER is that we shall substitute the logic of a theory for the living, of its principle. It is of no value to this world to prove that a man once was divine it" men are not to-day actu- ally becoming more divine. Often the most logical arguments on the divinity of the Lord come from the lips of those who lead the most diabolical lives. grossed in her burdens that she has no strength for those of the world. But criticism is not cure. And all our criticism is but self-accusation. A congregation composed of indi- viduals who have been silencing conscience dominant all the week will be likely to want it soothed by soporific syllogisms on Sunday. dreary desert of daily life, instead of being a servant in. the midst of people, a refreshing stream to turn the whole desert into Eme great garden of the Lord. It is an easy matter to criticize the churgh for her failure to go about (319ng good, for being so en- HENRY F. COPE ed wildly every time the' fell. --were decapitated for a series C a.troeious crimes in the D-ep-arimen " Drome, which created a reign n terror. No less than twelve mar dets and 200 robberies are laid t; the doors of these men. Thu often tortured their victims w'ril ved-hot items) A great crowd wie messed the executiicmy and applaud Three Frenchmen Guillotined While Crowd Applauded. A despatch from Valence, Drome, Fyance, says: A triple execution by guillotine took place in this city at daylight on Wednesday. Three men--Berruyer, David and Liottard --wcre decapitated for a series of atrocious crimes in the Department, jill be Recruited From Fully I Trained Men. According to a London Times de- spatch regarding the Australian idefence scheme, cadet training be gins in 1911 and citizen training in 1912. When the scheme, is in full working order it is estimated that it will provide 40,000 junior ca- dets, 75,000 senior cadets, and 55,- 000 citizen soldiers under 21. The militia, 25,000 strong, will thence- forth be recruited only from the hilly-trained men. It is hoped that after1916 Australia will have a first, line of 50,000 men ready to go any- where, a second line of 50,000 ready in act as garrisons, and a third line of 1f0,000 composed partly of men who have had citizen training and pcrt:'y of older-trained reserv~ ists. Petchard, aged 45, and his bride. May Hennessy, aged 22, were mar Tied Sepe._18 last at Farmington, Conn. A despatch from Albany, N, Y, says: En route from Farmington, Conn., to Ballstone, N. Y., Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Petchard were found dead on Wednesday in a room of a boarding house, having been asphyxiated, after a four days' honeymoon. The police ex- pressed the belief that thoughtless- ly or through ignorance the hur band had blown out the gas, A marriage _certifioate, which was found in the room, showed that Newly-wedded Pair Asphyxiatedin Boarding House. K’V AAA yUuAVAVLA LUL £411“! OMUHJ BXLIE. 28. I am a, Roman born-Roman citizenship was acquirable. in four ways: (1) by birth, if both parents were Romans; (2) by grants to cer- tain districts; (3) by grant for great service to tho state; (4) by pur- chase. Under Claudius (A. D. 41- 54) ie was cheap. It is assumed that the apostle's parents were c.4- zens. 29. Was afraid . . ' because he had bound hird--He did not now loose him from the chains, simply from the scourging thongs. 25. Tied him up with the thongs ---Stretrchir1g the prisoner forward by means of straps, so that he will be in position for the scourging. 21, 22. Unto the Gentiles And they gave him audience unto this word-They restrained themselves until Paul reached the point where he could no longer keep back the hated word, then their violent pas- sion broke forth. 18.7 Get thee quickly out of Je 1'usalem---frrs stay lasted only fif teen days. - While I prayed in the temple -- Such a man would not be likely to disesteem Jewish Observances. Fell into a tranc.e-Paul many 9f these exPerlences. 17. When I had returned to Je- rusalem-the visit referred to in Acts 9. 26. Paul had been meaty time in Arabia. 14. The God of our fathers-No- tice that in the mind of Ananias there was no thought; of rupture with the Jews. 15. All men--A stupid avoidance of the hated word "Gentiles." Fathers-Members of the Sanhe- drin and rabbis. 3. Cramalier--The greatest schol- ar of his age among the Jews, and still referred to by them, as a man of exceptional ability. He was called "the beauty of the law." - 11. Could not see for the glory of that iight-This is the only place where this explanation of his blind- ness is given. 8. Jesus of Nazareeh---The other accounts of Paul's conversion (Acts 9 and 26) do not refer to Jesus in this way. 5. The estate o? tho elders-The Sanhedrin. Chapter 22, verse 1. The defense --Paul made four points in his own behalf: (I) that he was a Jew by birth and training, and had been zealous for the law to the point of pers-e-cuting the Christians; (2) that his conversion came through a di- vine intervention, and was con- firmed by a later revelation to Ana- nias; (3) that after his conversion he continued to worship in the tem- ple, and received a vision there; (4,, that because of the unbelief of the Jews, God had sent him to the Gentiles. 40. Beckoned with the hand unto the people.--The captain must have released one of the chains for the time being. This, with the gesture made by Paul, would really gain the great silence among Orientals. lect few, its possession was a. mark of rank. l TRIPLE EXECUTION. l C3TRA L1h'S MHJITIA. DIED 0N 1I0?iEY3I0ON. Rune f f h ad day l W. J. Bowel“ an arctic explorer, [ who has just returned to San Fran- lcxrrco. reports finding a new tribe of Eskimos in Prince Albert Land. Complaints have been made by State's Attorney Wayman of Chi- cago that whole juries are tainted through conspiracy to defeat, the ends of justice. T A Grand Jury at Council Bluffs, Ia., has indicted eighty-three men 4.]. charge: of conspiracy ti) de- fraud in connection with the pro- molrion " alleged fake races. Three women were killed and three men and a W4rman seriously injured when the automobile. in which theyh ere filing jumped over a tre:Ule at Seattle, on Wednes- Lord Northcliffe, speaking at Portland, Ore., on the European situation, stated that, foolish op- timism was greatly to be deprecat- Otto T. Barnard was nominated for Mayor of New York by the al- [ind Republican and Independent forces The three men who robbed the Bank of Nova Scotia at Rainy River early in July are supposed fu be hiding in Chicago. A clever forger passed a. bogus express order for $100 on each of six express companies in Buffalo on Friday. It is stated that Dr. Cook will enter a suit for slander against Commander Peary. More than one hundred person's perished-in the recent. Southern hurvica e. Crude rubber has reached tho hlgheat price ever knpwn. A Chinaman living near Oakland, Cal.. has invented an aeroplane. The Unionist party in Britain scarcely hopes to do more than re-. duce the Government, majority in the general election thch is ex- pected shortly. The svaffragetees in prison at Bir- mingham have refused to eat, and the authorities have attempted to force them to do so. The Mauretania, is to be fitted with propellers, which, it is be- lieved, will make hera 23-knot ship. At Victoria (B.C.), on Saturday, two drunken men climbed up in the roof of the United States Consu- late-building, and, turning tho Stars and Stripes upside down, hoisted the Union Jack. above it. Morrisburg ratepayers voted on Saturday to give the Sheet Steel Corporation sixty-years' franchise of its hydro-elecerid plant and rights if way through the streets for an electric railway. ronto, President, and decided -t):r hold the next meeting at Fort Wil- ham. A young man named Irvine of Hamilton was sentenced to twelve years in penitentiary by Judge Monck for robbing and assaulting a witness in court. Monck for robbing and assaulting a witness in court. The Dominion Trades and Labor Congress, meeting at Quebec, elec- ted Mr. William Glockling of To- ronto, President, and decided to Mr, A. A, Tisdale has been ap- pointed Superintendent of the Lake Superior division of the Grand Trunk Pacific, with headquarters at Fort; William. Fritz Diehn. was committed for trial at Chatham, on Friday, on the charge of robbing a bank clerk of a, valise containing a. large sum of money. _,.A young man named Irvine of The Ontario Hydro-electric Com, mission is prepared to supply Port Arthur with any amount of power required. The Royal Hotel at Hepworth was burned on Friday, and sever- al of the inmates had a narrow es- cape from death. Mr. and Mrs. F. E. Benjamin ant: daughter and Mrs. Connelly of Yarker were injured by their au- tomobile upsetting on Saturday. It is reported at London (Ont) that the Ontario Government are considering the establishment of a new university in western Ontario. Mr, “J. K. iiloi'jrr"iLT,""ola'sr',""iias been appointed lecturer in physics at Queen's School of Mining, King- n+4“). The C. P. R. announces a reduc- tion of three cents a word on cable messages from Manitoba points. Br" t 17 v\ . -- 7 Therd is no' "tirt'irii', the story that; the C.P.R. will at once build a la:1<ef}~011t Line east of Toronto. stori Telegrspttie Briefs From 0m- On And Other Countries at Recent Events. CANADA. The Temiskaming & Northern Ontario Railway is now paying it: way. . Lieutet1ant-Governor Gibson for. mally opened the new Waterworks at Guelph, on Thursday. ' A number of sheep belonging to Mr. Cecil Langford of London township. were poisoned. M CONDENSED NEWS ITEMS HAPPENINGS FROM ALL OVER THE GLOBE. UNITED STATES GREAT BRITAIN l I