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‘Guards along the Russian border pre using dogs to detect trespassers. Construction is so extensive in Coâ€" lombia that a shortage of materials is "Most important consideration of all, however," the speaker said, "was that the discovery of how to harness and store atomic energy would comâ€" pletely revolutionize industry, and would probably be the salvation of civilization when the earth‘s present stock of coal and oil came to an end." many years. British imports last year totalled $3,148,560,000, a high record of Purposes of the explorations being made in the stratosphere, sai®t Squadâ€" ron Leader Scully, were many. Scienâ€" tists were trying to discover what the changos in air pressure and temâ€" peratures were at that level in comâ€" parison with sea level, and what was the wind specd, believed to blow steadâ€" ily from the east. Efforts also were directed to findthg out what the elecâ€" trical conductivity of the air at stratâ€" osphere height was for broadcasting purposes and for the navigation of air machines. Would Revolutionize Industry The explorers also were interested in discovering all they could about the sheet of ozone which was supâ€" posed to envelop the earth at a great height and which stops or "dampens" the ultra shortâ€"waves which scientists say would otherwise destroy all life on earth. The effect of the rarefied air of the stratosphere on radio sigâ€" nals was another problem waiting The great potentialities to be deâ€" rived from the exploration of the stratâ€" osphere, among which the harnessing and storing of atomic energy was, perhaps, the most important, were discussed by Squadron Leader John A. Sully, until recently commanding officer of an R.C.AF. squadron at Winnipeg, in addressing the Kiwanis Club of Moxtreal last week. The speaker expressed the view that the conquest of the stratosphere was but a matter of time. Says Stratosphere Has Possibilities Harressing and Storing of Atomic Energy Are Among Them CONSERVATIVE LEADER: Every day in every way the list of prospecâ€" tive candidates for leadership of Canâ€" ada‘s Conservative Party is growing bisger and bigzer. Sometimes rumor At home in France the nation was apparently not so pleased. Leon Jouhaux, French labor leader, claimâ€" ing followers numbering six million, was furious at the forced breakâ€"up of the Popular Front, threatened a genâ€" eral strike of all industry. Socialists and Communists alike, who together form the largest bloc in the Chamber, cried "Down with the Daladier Govâ€" erament‘" The former would not lend the government their support when invited to do so; the latter were exâ€" cluded as being too extreme for a Contre or Right government. For a moment, then, France was eloge to revolution which was kept from coming to a head by the realizaâ€" tion that "another 1789" in France would precipitate a general Kuropean war. Why? Because civil war in France would create a situation there directly comparable to the situation in Spain; the armies of Hitler and Mussolini would undoubtedly plunge into the conflict and there you would have it. The new government is representaâ€" tive of only a small section of the French people, with pressure being brought to bear on it from both the Risht and the Left. The crisis is still on; France will be worth watching for the next fow weeks and every new dovelopment will be significant. In Beriin, too, the fall of the Blum Cabinet was hailed as the opening of a new era, with French policy more favorably disposed toward Germany. A likelihood of the early drawing away from the FrancoSoviet pact by the new â€"French Government was also cause for rejoicing there, strengthenâ€" ing Hitler‘s hand to make faster work of Czechoslovakia (or Alsaceâ€"Lorraine or Danzig or Lithuania). An article in â€" "Current History" points out that, since the National (Chamberlain»y Government of Great Britain is a Government of the Right or Conservative elements, it is greatly to its interest to have a government of the Right in France, too. Hence the breakâ€"up of the French Popular Front, coming simultancously with the resignation of Leon Blum, Lefiist Premier, last week, was cheered mishtily in London. WATCH FRANCE: _ France has often been called "the key nation of Kurope." Now, as never before, this designation is apt. For the eyes of all European governments are watchâ€" ing the shifts and changes in ‘the French Cabinets these days, and forâ€" eign policies of many countries are modified accordingly. Commentary on the Highlights of the Week‘s News . . Irems Hikacle These tremendous falls of snow, which rush down the mountain sides at express speed, have caused heavy loss of life and great damage to proâ€" perty in years gone by. The object of planting the bushes is to hold the snows in the upper Alps and so check the first movement which gathers force as it rushes downwards. Chinese pigtails are being used in making textiles in Bradford, Engâ€" By planting thousands of alder bushes on the upper slopes of the Alps, the Swiss Government hope to check avalanches. Murder on Safari, by Elspeth Huxâ€" ley, pub. by Reginald Saunders, Toâ€" ronto. $2. The charaterization, the witty style and the swiftâ€"moving action of the plot grip the reader‘s interest from the first page to the last, and vividly reâ€"create, from the writer‘s firstâ€"hand knowledge, the sights, sounds and smells of the African wilds in which the scene is set. thrilling climax, in which Vachell sets a trap for the murderer with himself as bait. * Vachell, the Canadian sleuth who tracked down the killer: of Chania‘s Governor, is back, too, with some even stranger problems to solve. Can a herd of buffaloes prove the alibi of Rutley, Lady Baradate‘s conceited chauffeur? Why did the elephants take alarm ind move mysteriously away? Who put walnuts on the imâ€" provised coffin containing the remains of Lady Baradale? Then there‘s the MURDER ON SAFARI, by Elspeth Huxley. A new type of murder story came into being last autumn with the pubâ€" lication of Elspeth Huxley‘s "Murder at Government House," which was at onee a satire on high official life in Chania colony and a cracking good thriller. _ Allâ€"round fun. Now Mrs. Huxley has done it again with "Murâ€" der on Safari." READY IN AUGUST: The longâ€" heralded transatlantic air service on a twentyâ€"fourâ€"hour schedule between New York and Foynes, Ireland, wiil start this summer, perhaps by the first of August, it was officially announced from New York last week. (Passenâ€" gers and mail will be carriedâ€"comâ€" mercial flights must wait till later.) According to the schedule, two planes will take off simultaneously from opâ€" posite sides of the Atlantic, an Imâ€" perial Airways "pickâ€"aâ€"back" plane from Ireland, a Panâ€"American Airways Bocing seaplane from Port Washingâ€" ton,. N.Y. PRESIDENTIAL SETBACK: Presiâ€" dent Roosevelt‘s administration stagâ€" gered under an overwhelming blow dealt in the United States House of Representatives last week when a number of Democrat members "crossâ€" ed the floor of the House" and voted with the other side against the Prosiâ€" dent‘s â€" Government â€" Reâ€"organization Bill. The issue was one of increasing Prosidential powers to permit long overdue reforms to be made in the executive tranch of the government. Obsorvers say the dofeat in such a manner ¢f the Reâ€"organization Bill means a big drop in the prestige of the President, that it will mark the beginning of a nationâ€"wide struggle between F.D.R. and his "big business" critics. Augur said Germany would ask a free hand in gradual absorption of the Danubian region as far as the Black Sea. In exchange, it would offer to help Italy eventually to take from France the rich strip of French terriâ€" tory along the Italian border includâ€" ing the Savoie region and the Mediâ€" terranean port of Nice; the Mediterâ€" ranean island of Corsica, and the North African possession of Tunisia, WHAT HITLER MAY PROPOSE: The foreign affairs commentator who writes under the penâ€"name of Augur reported last week in his private serâ€" vice to London subscribers that Gerâ€" many would propose a sensational deal for extensive territorial acquisâ€" ition when Chancellor Hitler visits Premier Mussolini in Rome next month. augments it, later to be denied. At present five candidates are prominentâ€" ly mentioned: Arthur Purvis, former Chairman of the National Employment Commission; Hon. Dr. R. J. Manion, former Minister of Railways and Canâ€" als; Hon. J. Earl Lawson, once Minâ€" ister without portfolio in the Bennett Cabinet; Denton Massey, Toronto M. P., and Sydney Smith, President of the University of Manitoba. To Stop Avalanches . By Elizabeth Eedy More WASHINGTON. â€" A potential $5, 000,000,000 program of spendingâ€"forâ€" recovery took more definite form this week when Prosident Roosevelt and his advisers agreed to ask the United States Congress for increased relief appropriations. BERLIN.â€"Chancellor Hitler‘s next step was debated this week in the wake of the greatest vote of confiâ€" dence ever accorded him. His creation of a, greator Germany by annexation of Austria March 13 drew the approval of more than 99 per cent. of the nearly 50,000,000 perâ€" sons who voted in the April 10 plebisâ€" cite. Germans speculated whether he would be inspired to take rapid action on other Nazi "unfinished" business. New victories along the Tientsinâ€" Pukow â€" Railway and Taierchwang fronts were seen by the Chinese as an inspiration for the new offensive. A strong Chinese force along the Tientsinâ€"Pukow â€"line was reported ready to strike out toward Pengpu, about 100 miles north of Nanking. In informed quarters it was underâ€" stood Japan recently moved some regular army units from China battleâ€" fronts to Manchoukuo to man the borâ€" der of Manchoukuo and Soviet Siboria. Chinese Prepare Push SHANGHAI. â€" Chinese said this week they were preparing a gigantic drive toward the Yangtse River in an effort to retake Nanking, the capital they lost to the Japanese Dec. 11. TOKIO. â€" The danger of conflict with Soviet Russia is increasingly claiming the attention of Japanese leaders and the public. Persistent rumors of preparations â€"lacking official confirmation â€" and bellicose statements on both sides have intensified public anxiety. don flat, March 29, just as they were chat It isn‘t every British subject who finds his King and Queen at the door in answer to a knock. Mr. and Mrs. Charkbas W ie Te in Bd e e n n e e T El it isn t every British subje Charles Whitaker, old age In addition, capital cost of building and equipment for a national referâ€" ence standards laboratory at Canberra would be $320,000, with a maintenance cost of roughly $40,000. Experimental Work An establishment equipped for exâ€" perimental work in windâ€"tunnels for engine tests, and for the physical tests of aircraft instruments and other apâ€" paratus, would cost $572,000 with an annual maintenance cost of about $50,â€" 000, Mr. Casey estimated. Mr. Casey said the Wimperis report direcied attention to the need for creating a chair and department of aeronautics, with a reader in metcorâ€" ology, at one of the universities. This would ensure a supply of acromautical engineers for military and civil aviaâ€" tion. 104400 0000 n e 00 000 0 0 200880 64 Would Spend $5,000,000,000 The establishments will be based on recommendations contained in a report by H. E. Wimperis, former diâ€" rector of the British Air Ministry at Farnborough. South America Progressing More Rapidly Than North Hon. R. G. Casey, federal treasurer, has announced Auctralia will set up aeronautical and engineering research institutions at a capital cost of $1,â€" 000,000. Institutions On Aeronazrtics to Co:t Million Dollars Australia Plans Research Course News In Review Fear War With Russia Consider Next Move Eo We one e e n aiee o n Sm nV TR P PRTTTEREY €002 MITE SRLB, pensioners (at the right) had that delightful and surprising experience in their Lonâ€" they were preparing for tea, At the left, the King and &leeu. during the teatime A Delightful Surprise for London (England) Couple Whitney, whose brokerage firm, Richard Whitney & Company, failed on March 8, had pleaded guilty to two indictments â€" charging first degree grand larceny in the misuse of securâ€" ities entrusted to his caré by the New York Yacht Club and members of his family, Sent Down For Five Years NEW YORK. â€" Richard Whitney, bankrupt broker and former president of the New York Stock Exchange, was sentenced last week to serve from five to ten years in prison for grand larceny, They also canvassed the possibilities of broadening the Federal Governâ€" ment‘s present housing activities, such as the United States Housing Authority‘s program of clearing slums and building homes for low income groups. Some girls marry and have nothing but their husbands to show for it.â€" Quebec Chronicleâ€"Telegraph, The colorful historical background of South America, and the many atâ€" tractions it has to offer, give it great potentialities as a tourist mecca, acâ€" cording to the Senator. "Names like Morgan, Raleigh and Captain Kidd, Drake and the Spanish Main, are brought vividly to mind by South America," he said, "and their assoâ€" ciation with the lands visited lends a distinct fascination." The Younger Ceneration "The same younsor goneration is developing an intense na‘lonalistic spirit, a spirit very much in evidence in other parts of the world," the senaâ€" tor found, "and young leaders are rising rapidly through the continent." «"Much of the South American naâ€" tive population is being Anglicized by movies made in the United States and Britain," Senator Webster reâ€" vealed, "with the younger generation learning the language quite well by this means." The unsettled European situation is largely responsible for this. new atâ€" tention to South America, Senator Webster believes; the new attention being exemplified by German, Italian and more recently British radio broadcasts directed at South Amerâ€" ican listeners. Everywhere in South America representatives of the variâ€" ous world powers are engaged in fosâ€" tering closer commercial and political intercourse with that continent. Thoroughly Modern In some respects, the Senator found, South America has passed North America in development. For instance South America has a regular Transâ€"Atlantic airplane service, carâ€" rying passengers, mail and perishable express. Some o°" the universities of South America anteâ€"date North Amerâ€" ican institutions as McGill and Harâ€" vard by as much as a hundred years. Good roads are much in evidence throughout the continent, and thorâ€" oughly modern motor â€"cars, railways, radivs, moving pictures, etc., are to be found. The importance of the nations of the South American continent is toâ€" day being increasingly recognized by European powers and by the United States, Senator Lorne C. Webster said at Montreal last week in recountâ€" ing the impressions made on him by a 60â€"day 15,000 mile visit to that continent. In Sonme Respects, Says Senator _ Webster, Who Declares That »Interest In the Southern Conâ€" tnent Is Growing Day By Day. dx a* Â¥ BUu% ONTARIO ARCH TORONTO The list of commissions in the past few years would be an impressive one. Whether the price of clearing the air in some cases was worth the cost is an open question. Yet one might well wonder where the responâ€" sibility of politicians in action begins and where it endsâ€"or if the royal commission is going to become a conâ€" venient vehicle for holding electoral support.â€"Hamilton Spectator. But it is a splendid way for a govâ€" ernment to skate around responsibilâ€" ity; it is assumed that by appointing a commission they have "done someâ€" thing about it." Those Royal Commissions The Ottawa Journal laments the now familiar orgy of royal commisâ€" sions which has marked our Canadiâ€" an political scene in the past few years ... .. As shown by the Canada Year Book the war and demobilization exâ€" penditures of Canada up to and inâ€" cluding the fiscal year 1920 totalled $1,670,406,236. In the next three years, 1921â€"23, there were further expenditures of $23,000,000 odd and since then there have been additional small items chargeable to war. These figures apply only to actual war exâ€" penditures. To get the cost of the war there would have to be added to them the large, continuing, outlays for pensions. From 1914 to 1920 the gross debt of Canada rose steeply from $544,391,869 to $3,041,529,578. This enormous increase was chiefly but not entirely due to the war exâ€" penditures.â€"Kingston _ Whigâ€"Standâ€" ard. Carada‘s War Debt Every effort must be put forth by the authorities at Queen‘s Park to conserve and increase the game fish and wild life in general in this proâ€" vince. .That the great Nérthern Onâ€" tario playgrounds and fisherman‘s paradise are the main attractions to American tourists who left something like $295,000,000 in this province in 1937, is evidenced in the constant stream of inquiries flowing into the Canadian Travel Bureau each spring. â€"Guelph Mercury. A Big Attraction Dr. W. T. Crombiec, Superintendâ€" ent of Queen Alexandra Sanitarium, London, Ontario, and noted authorâ€" ity on tuberculosis, has an unpleasâ€" ant thought for us. If proper tests were taken, he asserts half of the population of Canada would be shown to have tuberculosis, Not that they should be in sanitaria, decidedly not, but they should protect themselves against care and overwork lest they find themselves there. â€" Canadian Magazine. Better Be Careful A watch that is wound in the morning will last longer. The tightâ€" ly wound main spring will stand the shocks and jars of day better than a loose main spring. For the same reason people are fresher and do betâ€" ter work m the mornings. By night they get run down.â€"Windsor Star. VOICE "* $s » THE EMPIRE ino‘s the Time THE WORLD AT LARGE CANADA of. the He told, too, how 218 scientists had spent $1,062,830 in the year on scienâ€" tific research on things ranging from shirt collars to dish washing. Pointing to the possibilities of comâ€" bining heating plants with other household utilities, and of using baseâ€" ments for recreation and other purâ€" poses, he said: Installations of anthracite heating equipment are now operating for weeks at a time, without any attention whatever to the fuel supply, ash reâ€" moval, or damper settings," Dr. E. R. Weidlein, director, at the end of the Institute‘s first year in its spacious $6,000,000 home, told trusâ€" tees of the development of anthracite heating equipment that operates "for weeks at a time" without attention, He told, too, how 218 scientists had The head of the house, weary after a secason of coal stoking, can look forâ€" ward to another winter when he won‘t have to fire the furnace more than once a fortnight, the Melion Inâ€" stitute reported this week at Pittsâ€" burgh. New Coal Furnace The service costs of the "fivver," the article concluded, would be no greater than on the average automoâ€" bile, and hangar rent would approxiâ€" mate garage rent. Lateral control. as in some presâ€" ent day experimental types of planes, would be achieved by aileron operaâ€" tion. The prices of the "fivvers", he adâ€" ded, would be down to those of popuâ€" lar automobiles. Vehicles may be made, he said, which could be used either as airplanes or automobiles. Tricycle Landing Gear He characterized as the most proâ€" mising safety development the triâ€" cycle landing gear which simplifics landing. Another encouraging factor in modern light plane design is the elimination of rudders, inasmuch as the novice pilot has a hard time coâ€" ordinating his hards and feet in usâ€" ing ailerons, elevators and rudder, Dr. Klemin found. Forecasts Mass Production of Airâ€" planes {for Private Owners‘ Dr., Alexander Klemin, head of New York University‘s school of acâ€" ronautics, this week forecast mass production of "flivver" airplanes within five years which would incorâ€" porate revolutionary safety devices for the private owner. In an article in the "Quadrangle" undergraduate publication, Dr. Kle min said developments making for greater safety would include an aboâ€" lition of rudders to simplify operaâ€" tion, improved air brakes and devices to make "stalling" and "spinning" impossible, Those in Canada who cherish the freedom of speech, writing, and pubâ€" lic meeting guaranteed by the Conâ€" stitution are much concerned at the "Padlock" Act recently passed in Quebec. The measure has no paralâ€" lel in a British Dominion. _ One clause declares it to be illegal for any house to be used to "propogate communism of holshevism by any means whatsoever," though it is to be noted that in no part of the Act is any attempt made to define these perâ€" nicious doctrines . . . Among clemenâ€" tary principles of British constituâ€" tional government are freedom of speech, of the press, and of public meeting, subject to the limitations of the criminal law; the right of a man to a fair trial in open court if charged with an offence; and the freedom of the home from arbitrary search,. All of these are violated by the new Act, and the anxiety of libâ€" eral opinion throughout Canada at the reactionary nature of the measure can well be understood.â€"Manchester Guardian. Expert Visions "Flivver" Plane "It Has No Parallel" Yet Germany still keeps up her deâ€" mands for colonies, saying that she needs to find an outlet for her surâ€" plus population. â€"â€" London Sunday Express. The whole of Hungary‘s agricultuâ€" ral labor market has been disorganizâ€" ed. Why? Because Germany has engaged 20,000 Hungarian agriculâ€" tural laborers for work in East Prusâ€" sia, Runs For PRESS THE EMPIRE Use And in case you ask who wants to buy a town, anyway, there is keen bidding among anglers‘ clabs and priâ€" vate fishermen, who want to establish i> anglers‘ settlement there. completed. It‘s not very big, but it has its own Post Office and store. Its dozon or so houses were built for employees on a Want to buy a town*? An ontivre township is for sale near Melbourne, Australia, with electricity and water complete, A decline in kerosene consumption throughout the interior was attributâ€" ed to the povertyâ€"stricken condiiion of farmers, many of whose homes and crops have beon destroyed. The oil business also has dwindled and is faced, besides, with a possible Japanese government oil monopoly such as took over the business in Manchoukuo. People Poverty Stricken Business of most American tobacco companies is described as seriously impaired by destruction of factorics, warehouses, and stocks, inability to trade with the interior, and limiting by the central Chinese government oi the amount of foreign exchange made available to Shanghai. Foreign firms‘ trade had slumped sharply. Japanese business in ocâ€" cupied areas is reported to be less than normal. The Timmonsville Leaf Tobacco Company, of Rickmond, Va., became the first foreign company to file noâ€" tice of suspension of business in China. Business reports from Shanghai last week emphasized the cumulative repercussions of the undeclared war upon Chinese trade as Japanese conâ€" tinued their push in Shantung Proâ€" vince toward the Lunghai railway. Reaction of Warâ€"Jap and Forâ€" eign Companies Are ASected Dr. Henry F. Vaughan, Detroit Health Commissioner, said that the disease was carried by a minute orâ€" ganism called "leptospira," which may be carr;ed by rodents or other antâ€" mals or may be found in water or playgrounds. The disease, he said, is usually mild. Only one other case has been reported in the city‘s modical history. Tushman said he contracted the disease after stumbling over a rat in his shop. HMe believed that the poiâ€" son either seeped through his shoes, which were wet, or he was poisoned when he touched the boot with his hands. He was in a coma for two weeks. DETROIT.â€"III five weeks through contamination by a rat, Samuel Tushâ€" man, 32, local poultry dealer, is reâ€" covering from a discase of which not more than a dozen cases have been reported in the United States. The malady is known as Weil‘s discase, or infectious jaundice. Is Thrown Into Coma For Two Veeks After Contact With On the Grand Nationil sweep, Canâ€" ad‘ans got 125 of the 1,600 consolaâ€" tion prizes, 104 of the 1,264 horses drawn, 48 of the 576 horses starting and $618,650 of the total prize money of $8,057,600, Rat Gives Man - A Rare Disease The statisticians also estimated that Canadians spent $603,530 on the British hospital sweepstake on the Derby last yo + when total world sale of tickets was $10,317,780, indicating a heavy increase in Canadian purchase of Grand National tickets over those bought on the Derby. On The Derby Too The estimate made on consolation prizes gave the total expenditure of Canadians as $1,073,000, that on horses drawn $1,130,000, horses starting $1,« 144,000, and by total prizes money, $1,054,000. The statisticians found their four estimates varied only slightly, despite the different mothods used in reachâ€" ing them. These estimates wore made of the number of ccasolation prizes drawn by Canadian horses, horses starting and total prize money, In each case the amount of prize money going to Canadians was divided by the total amount of prize. This, of course, gave a fraction, which was multiplied by $13,730,010, the total world sale of tickets. Purchases For Irish Hospital Draw On Grand National Race Sweep Takes Million Of Canada‘s Money Canadians spent $1,100,170 on tick» ots in the Irish hospital sweepstakes on an estimate made for the Canadian Press by statistici_ns. ‘The figure was reached as an averâ€" age of four estimates 1 ised on 1.e assumption that Canadian purchasers had the same probability of drawing prize winners as all other purchasers, reservoir scheme which is now T own For Sale ese Trade Shows Decline MA PREI ROLMS 1 Prints a Reprints Service, PR WI21 (H OR Moj BRaY P1 early and P 14 LABGHORN An to $8.95 por M RO.P. SHuS ©d breede: Leghorns & Giants Ne r‘ny higher atchery, i 4* N + ‘ ‘. a-A woHy . ment test« $1,200 LA NDSCAIPIC B Adb WHOLBSA1 p101.00 PB New Man wrels drc avirities «+ c:;u\'en t ing not egk pro« awre . also Chick 1 Or BABY CHi \ P L gy RAYHAR, Conada‘s Form Adviser on homan problems, will se # Charscter and Personality Chast bree anyone who writes him. This amazing 4 olter is made merely to advertise FANNING an|| say neal w\ Manufactu s HOd months. Chicks 1 eatalogus t. Noru Th dayming Niagomura PREE Matcher Ontario Taitge operat purch: ith ud DASA d Beal Bat Registers sures the ity of ch to $10.00 Matcheri« JPOHt 8SAdd4 Jlayers of welght 2 funrum.-. rowubtry P nts ms, MASON‘S 49 COLD REME and is availble or a Himited sime « Write soday, enclosing a sell â€"addres sumped envelope and you biuthâ€"« ergus, Classifi ird d M GBHOCI ed th f1 H 14 A DCE N 8 A BBÂ¥ cOBADCIs POULLHA Ari i0 W 14 Ad Aj lany AEODEOHA)8® 4 OR T ne nds ya 14 N4» w44 8