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(Continued from Page One) In Ontario. with an average of 8,500 men employed underground in the period 1926 to 1936 there was an averâ€" age of 36 silicosis cases per year allowâ€" ed by the Compensation Board and in the period 1932 to 1936, with 10,000 men underground an average of 18 cases per year. The incidence of silicosis is apâ€" proximately one half of one per cent. A conference, some years ago, between the Ontario Department of Health and the Workmen‘s Compensation Board led to the silicosis provision of the Compensation Act. Mining companies have since paid separate assessment for accidents and silicosis. Mining also beâ€" came unique with special examining adoctors. A paper telling of the investigation by Denny, Robson and Irwin, read recentâ€" ly before the Academy of Medicine, is published in full in the current issue of the Journal of the Canadian Mediâ€" cal Association. In discussion following its reading. recognized authoritiee on the subject stated the discovery of Denny and Robson was the outstanding contribution to date in silicosis research and indicated a cure for a condition which is recognized as being perhaps the most important industrial ailment. Tests are being continued to find the most satisfactory method of. applicaâ€" tion. Review of Discovery by Mclintyre Experts Five Year Fight ‘ The cause of silicosis is the inhalaâ€". tion of fine, freshly broken quartz parâ€" ticles into the lungs, where, it has now been definitely determined, a chemical reaction is set up through the dissolvâ€" ing of the silica in the body fluid, causing fibrotic changes in the lung, which with certain changes that occur may predispose the sufferer to tuberâ€" culosis. The investigators started in Novemâ€" ber, 1932, at the McIntyre mine in chumacher, Ontario. It was decided to carry out tests with animals at the mine in a manner that would duplicate as far as _ possible actual industrial conâ€" diticns. Fxtt.y guinea pigs were placed in the crusher hoyse tunnel of the mill where a considera le quantity of fine dust containing about 35 per cent. free silica was being constantly produced. These animals lived in the atmosphere for periods up to one year and while on autopsy large amounts of dust were found in the lungs not a single case of silicosis had developed. The next step undertaken was a test of the factor of mine gases in the proâ€" duction of silicosis; the results were inconclusive. The Discovery Accepting the Gye and Purdy conâ€" clusion that chemical reaction and not the presence of silicious materials was responsible for fibrosis it was then deâ€" cided by the investigators that the danâ€" gerous silica particles contained in the lungs are under five microns in diaâ€" meter. It was assumed that, if the solâ€" ubility of the silicosis material could be reduced sufficiently by the addition of some nonâ€"toxic element or compound the usual fibrotic response could be modified. Various elements and comâ€" pounds were then investigated and on March 4th 1936, Denny and Robson discovered at the McIntyre mine that the presence of small amounts of metallic aluminum almost completely prevented silicious material from passâ€" ing into solution. First Tests Animal experimentations were Carâ€" ried on from June 10Qth, 1933, and on March 4th, 1936, "dusting" a group of rabbits with quartz alone and with quartz to which a small amount (less than one per cent.) of metallic alumâ€" inum had been added was begun. The animals were sent at various times to Dr. Irwin of the Banting Institute at Toronto and upon sectioning it was found that all the quartz dusted conâ€" trols showed a picture varying from early to well established silicosis. The animals subjected to silica dust conâ€" taining metailic aluminum showed eithâ€" er minimal or no fibrosis cf the lungs. What was equally important from the viewpoint of the investigators was the fact that no damage was seen in the lungs or other organs that could be attributed to the presence of aluminâ€" um. The heart, kidneys, and liver apâ€" peared to be quite unaffected. The conâ€" clusion was that silicosis was inhibited in this small group of rabbits by the admixture of less than one per cent. of metallic aluminum. The experimenters then exnaunded the test. Special drums were built for the THURSDAY, JULY 8TH, i8937 Dalton Block sOUTH PORCUPINE‘S NEWEST JEWELER Consult us about vour OFFERS MANY VALUES THIS WEEK in a complete line of smart jewelery prescribe glasses, only If having trc:tble with your eyesigh us. We use the reliable shadow test Expert Advice rabbits. These drums carried devices sClentifically designed to produce a cerâ€" tain amount of quartz dust under fully controlled conditions. In one group the rabbits got a straight quartz dust; in the other by the addition of aluminum balls in the quartz charge a small amcunt of aluminum dust was created and careful check was kept of the reâ€" sults. Rabbits were used and the lungs of these animals sectioned. The pathoâ€" logical work was done by Dr. Irwin at the Banting Institute. The net result confirmed the first experiment; those animals which breathed the metallic aluminum showed practically no siliâ€" cosis while those dusted with quart? only showed well developed silicosis. The importance of this conclusion can scarcely be overâ€"emphasized, particuâ€" larly when it has been noted that aluminum in metallic form has no inâ€" jurious reactions. Just how the new discovery will be given practical application has not been decided. It would appear to be feasible to include the metallic aluminum in the tamping of drilled holes, to dissémâ€" inate the metal with the dust caused by explosion. It may be possible that injections periodically would answer the purpose or than an inhalation at reguâ€" lar intervals would serve. In any event the important point has been estabâ€" lished that aluminum will halt the conâ€" dition and will prevent it in fresh subâ€" jects. Until recently the bulk of the animal experimentation was done at the Mcâ€" Intyre mine but now this phase of the work has been transposed to the Bantâ€" ing Institute in Toronto, as it is deemed advisable to extend it broadly. REGISTERED OPTOMETRIST South Porcupine 85 HORSEPOWER ... 112‘â€"INCH WHEELBASE! OWNERS REPORT 25 AND whie Only Chevrolet gives you bigâ€"car thrills ; . bigâ€"car pride . . with lowest costs! HEVROLET is big in sizeâ€"it‘s a full 112%â€"inchâ€" wheelbase car. 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And you‘ll never be satisâ€" fied with less than Chevrolet value for your money! carried devices ) produce a cerâ€" Iust under fully i one group the quartz dust; in n of aluminum arge a for economical transportation TIMMINS GARAGE GO. LTD. guinea care t vising One Robso quartZs ‘The.‘ x Dr. Chas. H. Hair, president of the Academy of Medicine before the memâ€" bers of which organization the Dennyâ€" Rcbson paper on silicosis was read, when interviewed by The Northern Miner was emphatic in his declaration that the two investigators had made a scientific discovery of note. "It is a very important development and it settles for all time the question as to whether silicosis is the result of a chemical or mechanical process. It has been proven that the chemical reaction set up in the body fluid by the dissolved silica is responsible for the condition and not the irritating action of the particles in T1 Silicosis and Tuberculosis Dr. Hair, apart from his connection with the Academy of Medicine is mediâ€" cal cfficer for Class 5 Accident Prevenâ€" tion Association and this class includes industrial diseases, hence his interet in silicosis. He points out that anyone exâ€" posed to silicious dust is liable to conâ€" tract the condition. Silicosis, he states, is not a disease but a condition for which there is n2 known cure but which is seldom fatal. "Does silicosis cause tuberculosis?" Dr. Hair was asked. + "No. It predisposes the subject to tuberculosis but does not directly cause it. On the other hand, a person with tuberculosis is highly susceptible to siliâ€" cosis. I may also state that tuberculosis is far more prevalent in the Northern it melAtd StEEL h the quartz anc be some irC ulting dust. Dr. D ducing a pul ary method jier cerush qu to grind it i resulitin quar L Mclintyre Assistance paper describing the experiments conclusion was read at a meeting of the Academy of ne in Toronto three weeks ago. )â€"authors, in conclusion, said: ffords us real pleasure to record of orC ‘In the tTTIAIE Dr. Denny of 11 ments indica Dr. W. R. Franks of itute, and finally we t same appreciation vork and dependable hrough the efforts of proi ; with rabbits and ting the scientific trials, was the deâ€"| y of a method of uartz dust. The orâ€" roducing it was to | in a steel crusher' metal cylinder. In l came in contact id there would of ron content in the Denny lined a box nd loaded in pure Timmins, Ont. OrK, a jle by ne Mine ipport â€" exptIt ce so genâ€" ied by and Sir Frederâ€" 1€ to r a bove the Mcâ€" ind L. â€" Medical r galâ€" hways heavy THE PORCUPINE ADVANCE. TIMMINS, ONTARIO Dennyâ€" T‘€ he Ut Turning of First Sod for New Residence for Nurses More Road Contracts Awarded in Ontario The ceremouny took place at 4.00 p.m. Monday and His Worship Mayor Barâ€" tleman had the honour of forcing the first shovel into the earth, which soon will be dug up with large steam shovels and carried away in powerful trucks. Sister Superior Mary Liguori followed the mayor and dug heartily at the hard earth as if she could hardly wait to get the work under way. "It is a realization which is really "It is a realization which is really becoming true," said the mayor, "and not only will the new building serve as Nu1 FHion. T. B McQuesten, Minister of Hichways, on Monday signed highway ecnstruction contracts with a total vaiâ€" ue of $1,700,000. The contracts were signed by the Minister on his sick bed in Hamilton. Seven bridges are included in the program, together with 4.5 miles of concrete pavement, 75 miles of grading, and 2.75 miles of penetration macadam. Mayor had Honour of Turning First Sod of New Hospital Building on Monday. To Provide Also Maternity Wards and Special Accommodation for Children. interesting Ceremony. Largest contract, grading Matheson to Shillington, Northern Ontario, goes to McNamara Construction Company. Three miles of concrete paving near Aylmer is awarded to the Scottâ€"Jackâ€" son firm. Grading from Northbrook to Cloyne is to be done by. C. V. Billie mining areas than is silicosis, despite the large number of men engaged in the mining industry," stated the docâ€" The Ontario Mining Association has for years been fighting silicosis, Dr. Hair added. Large sums had been spent in improving ventilation, masks had been provided on certain jobs, wet drillâ€" ing had been introduced, periodical Xâ€"ray examinations had been insisted upon and physical examination centres had been established. An expert enâ€" gineer is in the service of the Associaâ€" tion, continually testing the dust conâ€" tent of underground workings. Methods have been worked out to determine with great exactness the dust count and thus indicate relatively dangerous spots. Hdn. T. MceQuesten Signs| Contracts on, Sick Bed.| Some North Land Work. 1€ QUu Re dignity marked the turning of t sod which officially started id on 0O e and Pedia e new combinec FISHER ... Combining Allâ€"Steel safety with silerce. Wider and roomier. Safety glass throughout. Larger luggage compartments. UNISTEEL TURRET TOP BODI PS BY PERFECTED HYDRAULIC BRAKES Recognized everywhere as the safest, smoothâ€" est, most dependable brakes ever built. VALVEâ€"INâ€"HEAD Highâ€"Compression Engine a home for the nurses bu commodation for the chi FPollowing Mayor Bartle ter Liguori, many other i zens took their turn at t Among those who took part ceremony were:â€"Mrs. J. P. Bar Sister Anslem, Dr. H. H. Moore Franklin, Father O‘Gorman, Ecclestone, Father Theriault, Cloutier and Dr. R. LaHaye. The Lions Club Boys Band, un direction of Fred Wolno, provi{ music for the ceremony. Refreshments were served in t pital following the formalities. threw away the cold earth whic scon be replaced by a beautiful i. s and Son, who also gCc grading near Aps!l Ccunty. Sixteen mile work. Bracebridge Muskoka Lake distr by Rayner ConstruC big grading jJob, Ve Corners is awarded t tion Co. Other contracts awarded were: 1.3 miles of concrete paving at Beachburg village, Dibble Construction Co.; gradâ€" ing No. 3 highway in New Glasgow, J. E. Wainwright; 1.6 miles south of Verâ€" non to one mile north of Metcalfe, inâ€" cluding two bridges, Clyde Construcâ€" ticn Co.; 2.5 miles south of Wallaceâ€" burg, Sterling Construction ‘Co.; 10 miles, Wasaga Beach to Elmvale, Mcâ€" Murchy and Armstrong, Belleville; road extension, east to CP.R. crossing, Rcoadbuilders Ltd. Life and Health, the national health journal <published at Washington has been running a series of articles on home building as it affects health. The writer, Dr.â€"Hubert O.â€"Swartout, in the May issue says: "There are many ways in which a properly planned and conâ€" structed house is conducive to health. I shall mention a few that are outâ€" Build a House for Health is Advice to Homeâ€"Seekers MORE MILES PER CALLON Bartlemat A1n bu )€ .. . The heart of Chevrolet dependabilityâ€"â€" economyâ€"and brilliant performance. Ends drafts and windshield ** fogging . Enables you to **scoop in ‘‘ fresh air on hot days. Removes smoke and stale air. RIDE . . . World‘s safest, smoothest, most comfortable ride. On Master De Luxe Models. IMPROVED GLIDING KNEEâ€"ACTION do Security 21 Pine Street N. 1€ 1 Passage Booked to any part of the World Call, phone or write for travel information to all parts of the world., Free passport service. We arrange hotel reservations and every detail of your trip. 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In a short time note the improvement. Then continue until your condition is entirely relieved. Money returned if not satisfied. Advt. DON‘T SUFFER FROM No sensible person should continue to suffer from trheitmatic pains and miss the pleasures of life because of stiff joints. Before resorting to operations, injections or other drasâ€" tic measures try a bottle of Curtis Rheumatism and Arthritis Treatâ€" ment 745 RHEUMATISM Monthly pay» 10 YOUF n the C 5 I ns1 pla 11 Service Timmins, Ontario Phone 1135 Insurance PAGE sSsEVEN 14 OY J (DQ@ Frie cannot is an unatâ€" ‘e‘s a chance employment. ivity, as the r the work, ith the dog‘s more fotr the house in cities."