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... iR Porkie was much moge in evidence \â€"_ |fey of a. mile. the shores at * / | ausk would usually becrewnrded by |the sight :of several of: theaebmpld, inoffensive prowling along the shores, Where‘ they might have found animal food, perhapg (do they ever use it ?), and.where they certainly took their <pick of choice succulent rushes" and othér water plants ‘for ‘| the evening meal Even in the dayâ€" time one not fail to find them, and each night they invaded our. tinâ€" ware and other camping equipment But they did us no harm, and if they should do five dollars worth of damâ€" lage to a campâ€"what is that paltry sum to the pleasure of seeing a wild animal of com ax‘atively large size in filentiful numbers1? _ The writer in od and Gun who advocated the exâ€" termination of the species,because of its enormous destruction of trees in the forest made the statement that ‘one such animal would destroy two trees each year. One wonders if he stopped to consider the number of trees and the number of porcupines in a square mile. If trees stood ten n â€" o 10 C ooo ul AtGasa cmanld â€"ha aâ€" mmartor 8 .. > extra cost, is extra _/ In.clean, bright Aluminum s Bc# a 4* ‘ #1 M s PA e > . C eX _A Plea for Protection for . § MUCh-Abused Porc“pi“e _ W. E. Sanders Urges That the Little Animal Bearing the * Same Name as This District Should Not be Destroyed or Persecuted. Homely, Clumsy but Intensely Interâ€" esting is the Porcupine. 4i l | 1 7 o .‘ Although there are not as many porcupines in this Poreupine District as there were when the area was named, there are still enough to recall the: association ‘there should. be, ‘beâ€" tween the district and its ‘odd little namesuke.â€" In the last issue of:‘!‘ Forâ€" est and Ontdoors,"‘ W. E. Saunders makes a plea for the protection of the muchâ€"abused. poreupine. He u. . i ds % o ols oi e o t t B e oA e o j . 2 ; * "This homely, clumsy, but intensely interesting animal is the "subject of much dispute as to whether he is a desirable citizen or the reverse. One writer will say that they should never be killed because a lost person can always utilize them" for food, while a recent writer in Rod and Gun goes on to the opposite pole andâ€"advocates their elimination ‘because they destroy treesâ€"many. treesâ€"as . many as two per animal per year. It is worth while to think of these ‘statements and of these arguments. and concluâ€" sions to discover what bearing they The cool, comforting flavor of WRIGLEY‘S Spearmint is a lasting pleasure. | eR . WE . PCE EC Oc uen "It cleanses the mouth after eatingâ€"gives a clean taste and sweet breath. ti\ Wben you are ill the dbg:fior diagnoses your case and prescribes‘a course of treatment. - You:consult .these specialists because they know how to advise you. | . ..‘ . * ® * % ‘The Confederation Life Salesman has made a ‘special study of all forms of Life Insurance proâ€" gluon He has all the facts at his finger tips. th this knowledge he is in a position .to advise you what form of insurance should fit your parâ€" Â¥ prepar By consulting a Confederation Life Salesman you have the advantage of gaining expert knowledge on a subject vitdl to your success, without one HEN you a?-'@pl_anhing to build a house you consult an architect, who advises you and * ®, have in the world of nature. To beâ€" yin with I should like to ask that we do not commercialize the whole “orld and everything that is in it. Surely we‘ do not need to place dollars and cents value on every single item in nature and gtmke a balance, and then | 1 35 A 2 1. h.AE d ie td EL e 9 \os the destruction of everything whose influence we consider to ‘be on the wrong side. Have we ‘not reveâ€" rence for Nature or for the God of Nature, who placed these wild things it is not necessary to destroy any of game. . Without insects we should | eacles thrilling us at times with their on the earth for a definite purpose in each case? All nature is interdeâ€"|â€" pendent. . Without. plants. , ‘we. will |â€" have no seeds with which to feed birds, squirrels, mice and such small | have no insectâ€"eating birds, thus banâ€" | ishing at one stroke all of their} beauty and song. Without the smallâ€"| er life we can have no owls, hawks or erace and power on the wing. And these in order that we may. have. the | others.. Our mice will increase in inâ€" eredible proportions if uncheckedâ€" i l ‘and yet sometimes their numbers fail so much that the predatory species depending on them must turn to other sources of food.. Our small birds inâ€" crease annually from one hundred to five hundred per cent and the law of nature is that ‘this annuwal increase must be destroyedâ€"utilized is a much better wordâ€"within the year of their hirth: Predaceous birds are necesâ€" sary for the control of the smaller ones and ‘it is impossible for us to single out any one speciesâ€"â€"provided that the species has not made. an enormous . increase . on account of changed conditions, and say truthâ€" fully that such and such is unâ€" necessary. or even injurions. . A species which may appear injuriouns. when viewed under certain conditions ‘may prove to be very necessary when those conditions have altered, and we should be excessively careful to err a dozen times on the side of preservaâ€" tion before erring once on the other side and condemning to destruction a |species which is known to do certain things which may perhaps inflict a few. dollars. of . problematical. or [ theoretical. loss on the. country at large: . ... > fls 4 o mt ftreesâ€" each year. One wonders if he ‘stopped to consider the number of trees and the number of porcupines|: in a square mile. If trees stood ten| feet apart there would be a quarter of a million such trees to the square mile, and trees suitable for destrucâ€" tion by. porcupines would ‘be. much smaller, and probably . average Six feet apart or less, and of such there would beâ€"a million to the square mile. X â€" consideration would show that evem if there were two hundred porcupines to the mile, their inroads on the forest would be too | trivial for serious consideration, and as their food consists chiefly of popâ€" lars and less valuable trees and shrubs, the: sgoâ€"called destruction might even prove: to be beneficial serâ€" viece from that lowest possible, point of viewâ€"the sordid basis of dollars and, centsâ€"because the, removal of those inferior growths gives the more valuable" conifers _ better chance.| ‘But, in all seriousness any possible "Aamage by these animals may be abâ€" solutely ignored ‘because nature reâ€" forests on a prodigal scale. Three years ago an old oak on my own land ‘fell because of rotting interior; it provided grand provender for the open fireâ€"place and gave us months of evening enjoyment, and now where that one oak stood, there are someâ€" thing like two hundred seedlings, each one doing its little best to‘ outâ€"top! the others, because the forest, t0o, x1 a battleground, where everyone tries |to ‘down all the others, and very, very few survive to maturity. Left to themselves, the ground on which my one oak stood and which is now l eovered 200 small ones, might, in five years, be reduced to fifty; in 20 | years, .pcrhaps %twell‘ty, and 100 iahk . twaAanlA ) JA AAOAL L‘ 4oh s mt ie a 0 P years six, ecach one of which would still be endeavouring to outgrow, and thus kill the others. And, what is happening with ‘my oaks: is happenâ€" ing with the forest trees. Nature starts off with twenty where she will eventually use one or two, and so we can easily spare a génerous livelihood to Porkie and his interesting family. A large porcupine was found in an aspen tree near : our cabin one day wcutting off branches three feet long and letting them drop, thereby enâ€" couraging every little conifer in the undergrowth, though it . can hardly be thought that Porkie knew that he was carrying out the very plan the ‘God of Nature had in mind when poplars and voreupines were created. My inquiring friend Stuart L. Thompâ€" nuinl .. Bd x 551 An P uwe m se ¢.V.I.J KAAA NAAA A 4 4 4 204 oh. L aud ce son wondered what Porkie would do if company came up the.â€"tree to visit. Porkie@ knew. He went out on the limb as the climber ascended, and when the limb was shaken and jarred be refused to be disloged. . Then the climber went above, and Porkie, séeâ€" ing his chance, made for the trunk and started. down, just as a boy does, first one hand, then another, thenâ€"two feet together, and, quite regardless of the terrestrial spectators, he came down at ourx. feet and walkedâ€"then ram a few steps and disappeared. .. uh d ..‘ es 6e 0 5.7 The abundance of this animal in 1926 teaches us another thingâ€"lovers of the wilds are Ibecoming more conâ€" siderate of the denizens of the forest, and this conclusion was confirmed by eonversation. with campers. But all are not. alike, and some still desire to Is it not time that pressure. be applied to such persons, and that guns and rifles be prohibited during the close season :so that wild life may be increased even more 1 Everyone who loves the. wilds knows that every animalâ€"killed before his visit, lessens his own chance of enâ€" joyment by just that miuch, and we owe it to our children and our childâ€" ren‘s children, that they, too, should ‘be able to partake of the same joy that we ourselves have in the graceâ€" ful, beantiful and interesting in naâ€" ture. ; twe . 6. : NINE MINING CAMPS!\ ARE sHOWN ON FINE NEW One of the most. comprenensive maps yet published of the great Preâ€" Cambrian ‘imineralized zone of Centâ€" tral ‘Canada has ‘been prepared> for Wright, Wilson Austin, members af the ‘Standard Stoek â€"and Mining Exchange,. for distribution to those interested. <This map takes in nine mining camps covering ‘an area of over 1,100 miles in ; length and also shows the mines of most urportance where major developments are now taking place and in "which also is marked the developed water powers, ane of the most essential factors to -ucee=st tll min‘ng. He who éan take ‘advice is someâ€" times superior to. him who can . gwe moved Mfi‘ ‘comprehensive "l'fimukfion Stations in Gatineau District Selected as Sites for. Fire Lookont 'l'owors. f While pemal patrols give mdxspens- able aid in the detection of forect fires in undeveloped areas, lookout towers h . lt ic tneitivedt ud bust t ind tC oi c £~*~ oo snfi‘ o. â€"sabem . 32 SVA 4. from which the country in all direcâ€" tions is visibleâ€" are more frequently used for this purpose in organized disâ€" tricts. â€" The proper location of these towers is a matter of great importance since the expediture on towers, teleâ€" phone‘lines, and trails, is large and, if the towers are not built on the most commanding elevations the best reâ€" sults will not ‘be secured. The usefulness of a triangulation system ‘similar to those laid down by the Geodetic Survey, Department oi the Interior, as an aid in the selection of sites for fire lookout towers was demonstrated in a most comprehensive and conchisive manner during 1927 in the Gatineau valley north of the city: of Ottawa» Here a triangulation net was required as a basis for aerial mapâ€" ping by the Topographical Survey, Department of the Interior, to aid in. developing: the forestry and waterâ€" power resources of the area.: A large industrial company offered its coâ€"operâ€" ation in the work, because apart from the value ‘of the triangulation as an accurate basis for mapping the disâ€" triect, a system of 80â€"foot steel fireâ€" lookout towers was being planned by the company for the protection of its timber limits, and it was felt that the. parties sent out by the GeOdet‘ic Burâ€" w00 C A) m | _bA . .Ps is vey. would : be able to indicate the best positions for these towers. The reconnaissane® for the selection of triangulation stations was begun in 1927 and thesoutherly 4,500 square miles of the area was adequately covered by a primary net along the Gatineau river with stations as requirâ€" ed. Of the nineteen primary and secondary stations selected all but two will be immediately sused as tower sites. â€" Five of these sites had already been selected by the company as the locations for 80â€"foot steel towers when the work started, and they were inâ€" corporated with the tnang'ulatlon scheme; the other twelve fower SLt: were accepted by the company. The average distance between towâ€" ers is about sixteen milés, as it is estiâ€" mated that in hazy, dry weather, when fires are most likely to occur, it is imâ€" possible to discern smoke at a greater distance than ten miles, even though in clear weather the country can be viewed to much greater distances. At one station on the highest point of Mount Diable east of Maniwaki, Queâ€" bec, elevation 2,600 feet, the country is visible for fifty miles in all direeâ€" tions in Clear weather. ‘ Under these conditions several other lookâ€" out towers are visible from this staâ€" tion. ; The above is but an example of how through close coâ€"operation economy can be effected by the judicious choice of station sites so that the towers which the Geodetic Survey of Canada, Department of the Interior, build can be utilized to provide the basis of detailed topographic information, to promote the: conservation of the reâ€" sources of the country,â€"and in addition to prove serviceable to industrial deâ€" velopment.â€"National . 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