The following text may have been generated by Optical Character Recognition, with varying degrees of accuracy. Reader beware!

KW” FLY SUPREME: MUST COMBAT LARVAE The house fly is the dirtiest of all vermin. It visits the filthiest places imaginable and then distributes the filth over our food. It carries the germs of typhoid, infantile diarr- hea. and other intestinal diseases. and. probaLly, assists in the spread of tuberculosis. Hence, it is not merely very dirty but exceedingly dangerous as well. Means of proâ€" tection against flies are common; doors and windows may be screened, How Shall World Fight This Dirticst of Insects7â€"Many Practical Methods of Warfare Win! in...“ v---_- fly papers, traps, “swatters,” and poison may be employed to kill those that do enter the house. But these purely defensive measures are not enough. The war must be carried into the enemy's country; the fly must be exterminated. _To wagé‘war with an? adult fly is to go into a ceaseless bagtle that can never be decisive in man's favor. The flies form such a numerous host that it is impossible to kill them all in a single season and a. very few survivors are sufficient to propagate Clean Up Always The only way to exterminate the fly is to attack it in the larval or maggot torzn. Flies lay their eggs in manure or garbage; ten days from the time or“ hatching: the maggots emerge as. winged insects. fully equipped for; distributing disease-breeding bacterial But a city with clean backyards andi clean stable premises would be a fly-. less city, for it would have abolished the iiies’ breeding grounds. The plan! of campaign against these annoying. and dangerous pests is thus plain2§ allâ€"1 equally numerous host the season following. we must clean tip, not once or twice; a year. but all the time. i City by-laws should require all owners of stables to keep manure in a. fly-tight, covered box and to have It removed at least twice a. week. A similar law should apply to the dis- posal of garbage. Persons with dirty back yards should be prosecuted. Privies should be abolished wherever possible and, where allowed, should be kept continually disinfected and be cleaned twice weekly. The piling of refuse in disgusting and unsightly "dumps” should never be permitted. If the town cannot afford an inciner- ator. the refuse should be buried. Borax Treatment Experiments have shown that the fly larvam in manure and other refuse may be killed by treatment with borax, one pound of borax being sut- flcient to treat 16 cubic feet or veary nearly 13 bushels of manure. If used in larger quantities. the borax may prove injurious to plants. The borax should be sifted over the manure, particularly near the edges of the pile. which should then be sprinkled with four gallons of water. This treat- ment will kill 98 to 99 per cent of all the larva in the manure. At 11 cents per pound for borax, it is esti- mated that the cost would be 2 cents per horse per day. This cost could be very greatly reduced by employing calcined colemanite instead of borax. if the former were imported in large quantities. One pound of colemanite will treat 11 bushels of manure and its larvicidal action is as effective as that of borax. Over-inflation is Much Better Than Under-inflation In a contribution to the records of the Society of Automobile Engineers, an expert and one of the foremost authorities on tire matters gives some very valuable advice to the car user as to how best to meet the problems of tire care. He says very positively that under-inflation is the thing to watch out for and guard againstâ€"â€" not over-inflation. If it is found neces- sary for L‘OlllfJX‘t and protection to carry a lower pressure than that re- commended. i: should be done by all means. he 9319143113. but it should at the same time be plainly understood that one always takes a chance \xitii tires by so doing. and the practice never can be excused by consider. ations of temperature of any other minor causes tending to increase the pressure. If for any reason the pres- sure must be lowered. it can be done and durability maintained only by the use of larger tires. In fact. this authority says that it is practically impossible to hurt tires by over-inflation. providing they have not previous1y been damaged by over- loading and under-inflation. They are built with a very high factor of safe- ty. and in tests they have been in- flated to as high as 300 pounds per square inch pressure without anything harmful happening to the tire, the rim finally giving away. This at .once nails a belief that is quite general that high pressure in a tire renders it a dangerous thing. The Of course. there are limits to which the inflation should be carried for comfortable riding, and obviously a too highly inflated tire defeats the bursting pressure is seven times the pressure which is recommended. Popular among touring veils is one of white hemstitched chiffon. having a shadow net mask over the face. The net is white with black spider webs upon it. purpose for which it is used. The tire makers have set down pressures which are the best compromise be- tween the lack of resilience on the one hand and under-inflation on the other. When washing knives never allow the handles to soak in the water. as it. not only loosens them, but turns them yellow. A field near the halo. tenced to hold any kind of flock in just about a handy and essential as a bun dub ing the summer. To clean a sink quickly, dip a wad of paper into some paramn and rub the sink with it. Rinse well with warm water. The peak of Teneriff. in the Canary Islands. throws a shadow stretching across the 8% for a distance of fifty INFLATION 0F TIRES September 28, 1916. Use Only Best For Next Generation, is Hog Raiser’s Advice William Gilbert of Alberta writes as follows: During times when hogs are high in price, there is generally the tendency to jump into the business too quickly and too heavily. The pur- chaser is too anxious to consider the future, than to consider the merits of the stock he is buying. One of the greatest detriments to the hog busi- ness affecting both the breeder and the purchaser is the buying of young immature brood sows as the majority of buyers are not sufficiently insistent V- '_J v-â€" wâ€"v â€"_- _ demanding size and age. I ship myself numerous young sows against my better judgment at the request of buyers for young cheap stock and I frankly admit that we breeders do not raise our champions from immature raise our ch31 sows or boars. It takes size, age, bone and consti- tution to raise the quality of stock which pays, and a very serious draw- back is using the type of young boars which the majority of buyers are satis- tied with. It is an injustice to the animal as well as to the breed to use him at five or six months old, his vitality is checked before it is proper- ly developed, and the boar is speedily considered worthless; If buyers were more particular as to the size, age, etc... we would soon find more of the h"high quality quick-growing kind 0: gs. Another point in buying a hog is that the breeder as a rule quotes three or four prices. You might ask why is this? As a rule the average buyer will select the lowest price and expect the same quality of hog quoted at the higher price; while the buyer who demands a good quality hog at a good price, generally gets satisfaction as he demands the best and is willing to pay extra for it; and the breeder will very often go out of his way to cater to this kind of business. The finality is an important factor in fixing 0 price, it takes money and ex- perience to improve quality in any stock, so if the standard of the farm hog is to be improved, we have got to mate for size, bone vitality, prolific breeding, easy feeding, and then there is money in the hog business at low prices. With the rapid settlement of the? Western prairies and the gradual oc-! cupation of our vacant lands, the, western farmer is getting more and more confined to his own holding. Land values also have increased at a rapid rate and economies in man- agement are now practised on the average farm that would have been superfluous years ago. The unprofit- able cow “boarder" is being displaced and farmers are slowly, but surely being forced into a system of live stock husbandry that would have been considered much too complicated when our country was in the earlier stages of its development The plain demand has to be made on our cows to give the farmer more than one source of revenue. This refers more particularly to farmers on limited areas of land, who, in the end, will constitute the majority in the West. Those who have ample free range or leased land available can afford to devote their energies strictly to beef production, but the other class must ultimately drift into dairying as well at least in Northern Alberta and the irrigated sections in the South. At the same time, they will never be able to ignore entirely the beef making qualities of their herd. It is this happy but exceedingly difficult de- mand that the movement in dual-purâ€" gpose shorthorn breeding is endeavour- ring to supply. Fertilize tomatoes in the hill. They prefer a rich soil,_a_nd if yqu reside in the country and keep a few hens you will find that a few cleanings from the yard prove excellent for se- curing luxuriant growth and perfect~ ing of the fruit. If the soil is stir- red frequently there is no need to worry much about dry weather. Fur- nish stakes for the tomatoes early. A wind storm may work havoc other- wise; besides, you do not want them lying on the ground, the fruit being more susceptible to rot. Farmers Will Have To Get Dual- Purpose Cattle Good Care Means Far Better Crops of Tubers The potato crop often is very much neglected in Canada. By the middle of summer the tops are badly eaten by bugs, and what foliage is left is hid- den by weeds. Large crops will not be obtained under conditions like these. It the soil is kept as moist as ssible by thorough cultivation, the ops kept in condition by spraying for the potato beetle and late blight, grower will be well rewarded for s pains by the much larger crop he will get, unless the season is very unfavorable. The greatest develop- ment of tubers takes place when the Penn and window boxes often be- to look shabby. simply because supply of .p’lant foodln lnthe soil has been let: exhausted. An ap- Wu of medure water should be e once or twice each week during the late summer. but the liquid must first be diluted until it is about the 60101- at week too. A little pulverized sheep manure from the seed store will serve for making this simple but highly effective fertilizer. Some com- mercial humus spread over the top at the box win also help. ber. It was shown in an experiment that there was an increase at the rate of 119 bushels marketable potatoes per acre during the month of Sep- BEST BREEDING H068 SMALL WESTERN FARMS GARDEN SUGGESTIONS POTATOES NEGLECTED Tips From the Gardener Experiments Show Conclusiveiy the Automobile Responds to Good Atten- Value of This Method ; tionâ€"Saving Money "anv‘. ------ w of was in which plots were sprayed 'z‘efcre. and twice after the blossoms in 1315. were compared with those sprayed once before the blossoms and twice after. In one series of experiâ€" 1113123 the one spray before the blos- soms was put on about midway be- tween the first spray, which was put on just after the leaf buds were nicely Opelicd May 17th, and the second spr-zy put on just before the first petals Opened May 3lst, or just before or about the time the blossom clus- ters were showing pink. This we have called a midway spray. In the other test the one spray before blos- soms was put on just before the petals of the flower clusters opened. There was a difference of from two to three per cent. only in favor of two sprays before the blossoms. The two most important sprays were the ones just before and just after blos- soming. From results obtained it would seem that should the period between the opening of the leaf buds and the opening of the petals of the flower clusters be short owing to weather conditions, one spray may be sufficient to give practically clean fruit, but should this period be ex. tended two sprays Should be given. A study of results from soluble sulphur plots sprayed at different dates indicates that the early spray was quite an important one, and that the two applications before the bios soms were advisable. On the Cu": following the application of the min way spray at Berwick there was sharp rainfall of about quarter 01 air inch, as was the case with the s =' t after blossoming, which shone-:1 tl-. soluble su 1: lzur is not an adms. spray, and that a heavy, quick mini; may reduce its fungicidal value 11...: bring about increased burning. as m. the case with these sprays. It WOUL.’ seem, therefore, that it is wise :1: make two applications before tics some; first after the leaf buds open and second just before the biosson-z open, which dates corresp nd vii. those advised for the best control o.‘ insects. Speedy, Efficient Methods Used in Giant Elevators Grain out of condition has three de- grees of classification as to its con- dition, they being tough, damp. and wet. The shrinkage which all these out-ofâ€"condition cars suffer on being dried is ascertained at Port Arthur or Fort William by a test mains. in which a weighed sample of the CL' to be dried is boiled in oil, and th steam from the moisurte in the grain is passed through a cooling chamber and condensed. and by its quantity telling exactly the amount of moisture steam from the moisture in the grain and which amount, in weight. is de- ducted from the weight of the car being dried. When the car has been unloaded, word is given to the weigh- men. both elevator and government. the latter one keeping constant watch on the scales, of which there are ten in each unit. while they are in use. On word being received that the grain from the car, the number and grade of which they have already re- ceived, is all unloaded, the weighing takes place and the weight stamped automatically on a strip of thick paper on which is inscribed the car number, scale unloaded on, and name cf weigh- man in charge. and these, after the weight has been recorded in the daily: reports, are filed away for future ro- ference. All the weigh tickets are. numbered consecutively, which 21.5.: to the absolute correctness oz‘ 1hr: weighing outward on vesselsâ€"tolling without fail the exact number of drai 1:: placed on any vessel. The exact idei tity of the grain is now lost and onlx its equivalent in grade and “£1.53. is guaranteed for delivery. At a meeting of the Commission of Conservation stress was laid upon the increasing prevalence of weeds. Earnest pleas were made for action to overcome this detriment to agri' culture. While farming interests are exerting themselves to eliminate this serious handicap, they have just cause to complain of the prevalence of weeds on city lots and subdivided land upon the outskirts of cities and towns. This land, once forming some of the best farms, offers ideal con- ditions for the growth of weeds, and they flourish in great luxuriance. The owners in many cases are non- residents, and, consequently, do not appreciate the condition of their pro- 901'" Drastic Action Demanded to Eiimin- ate This Menace to Agriculture Municipal officers and road-masters should be given the authority, and be compelled, to have weeds out upon vacant property, the cost of doing the work to become a legal charge against the land. The majority of owners would be willing to pay the cost of weed cutting, and would appreciate the service. It is hoped that action Wm be taken, so that vacant urban ”015011? may no longer be regarded as a dangerous weed menace. WHY SPRAY TWICE? KEEP cosm CAR WELL ‘ A handle, fixed on the side of a ste; ladder so that the ends balance“ overcame the difficulty ordinarily es ”danced in carrying it. It is werti; while to spend sumcient time in 12.5 tuning the handle to insure that it will be at. the proper placeâ€"From Don-du- Mechanics RUSH GRAIN THRGUGH WEEDS 0N CITY LOTS Carrying a Stepladder TEE DURHAM CHRONICLE. ed on a clean car the loose nut, the broken spring leaf or the other parts that need attention are more quickly detected. With mud cleared oi! the axles, springs and grease cups. the oWner’s attention is drawn to the lat- ter, which gets more attention than otherwise probably would be given them. Furthermore, the piano-like finish of the new motor car may be preserved for a much longer time than is usually the case if proper care is taken in its cleaning. Much of its lustre or lack ! of same is due to the manner of polishing it from time to time. To expect a highly polished car to keep its lustre indefinitely after being used in all sorts of weather is asking the impossible. However, reasonable care can do much toward keeping the body lustre like that of a new car, as the market affords numerous in- expensive cleaners and polishers which show remarkably good results. Why not the same care with your car as with your shoes or good furni- ture? While a pair 'of shoes with un- protected leather may mean only a few dollars’ loss, a car body is worth considerably more, and then, as with the shoes, the owner’s shiftless methods are reflected if it is un- polished. One of the greatest losses in the.l sheep business comes from the lambs sent to market without having been castrated. The operation is extreme-i 1y simple, and should not be neglected. The ram develops sexual characteris-! tics at about three months of age” They then become restless, worry the 'g rest of the flock, and fight among themselves. They cease to make satis- i factory gains, and prevent the others ‘ from so doing. Experimental feeding of two lots of 12 head each, one lot castrated, the other entire, each receiving the same feed and treatment, resulted in 900 pounds weight for the rams, while the wethers weighed 1,020 pounds. Another experiment showed that wether lambs gained in 60 days 2% per cent. in live weight and four per cent. in dressed weight more than did the ram lambs. Rams become coarse, and their increase in weight comes in the low-priced parts of the carcass. Wether lambs, on the other hand, de- velop more in loin and back, the re- gion of high-priced cuts. Protecting Trees From Borers Apple trees may be protected from the flat-headed borer by painting the trunks with a heavy application of Mt that will remain unbroken for two or three months and .keep the female from laying her eggs. Pure white lead and raw linseed oil, mixed rather thick, Will not injure the trees, and when applied to yam. smooth bark will fbrm a protective coat dur- ing the egg-laying season. Before painting, howe‘v'er,_ th_e earth should .gr II- - mu A. t 1 ti o e .1 at? \. .A,C€€®®@©®®@ _. 06©999®0066ox®6 fire/1,11% wt! 9 ob ., «ééwm MAKE WETHERS 0F LAMBS Wide Canadian Forest: Merchantable timber of Canada tl distributed by minions of acres. as (allows: Nova Scotla, 5; New Bruno. Vick, 9; Quebec, 130; Ontario, 70; arm-h Columbia, 100; Saskatchewan, . The grand total of forest area 414,000,000 acres for the Dominion. i Clean; smokeless and odorless oven means perfect 3 cooking and baking. This is assured by ventilation and ’ the nickel-coated non-rust steel lining in tor a. *depth of from three to tour inches. The surface of the trunk thus exposed should be first scraped and gamted and the earth then replaced. is necessary, for the beetle oc- casionally lays her eggs under instead 0: above the ground. Trying Out New Crops If trying out a new crop for the first time, alfalfa, sweet clover, corn, or anything else, try out on a small scale the first year. An we will tell what the crop will be like It is quite pos- sible that you will not use best onl- tnral methods in preparing land and in sowing first crop. But even for this small area get the best informs»- tion on the crop betore undertaking to grow same, and most important. get seed of a hardy strain and most adaptable to climate. Southern grown heed will usually spell failure. Yet there must be some pleasure in being a model citizen. I Many 9. man doesn't realize what he is up to until he is called down. Premises should be kept free from rubbish inside and out. Rubbish hgpa are dangerous. It won’t be hard re decide what range you want in kitchen after I show you the Pandora’s special feat ‘removed from the Base o‘fthe tree She is My Best Girl Now; Wilâ€"‘ R. 2227 liams; Comedy. 10” 85c. There Must be Something Nice About the Isle of Man' Williams ' Comedy. P, 14 Patriotic Airs, Part 1. ‘ 10” 850. Patriotic Airs, Part 2. ; Absent: Corinne Rider-Kelsey: A. 5710 Soprano. 12”$1.50 Dream, A: Corinne Rider-Kelsey: Soprano. ‘ _ Lost Chord, The: Columbia Stellar A- 5‘“ Quartette. 12” $1.25 Holy City, The; Columbia Mixed Quintette. Sold by Lenahan McKechnie H. J SNELL Columbia Grafonola and ‘ Record Dealer co Fort Coulonge, Quebeuâ€"f‘! am peppy to tell you that your medlcme dxd me _ ~ wonderful gm ' I was troubled with weakness ahd ‘. benefit. I was tie about medicines ( till a. lady friepgi Prescription. I became . strong and 3 eat afterward had twms.”â€"Mns. J. BABY, Fort Coulonge, Quebec. Thousands of women right here in Canada who are now blessed with robust health cannot understand why thousands of other women oontmue. to worry and sufier whenfihex can obtam for a trifling ”WW u “vâ€" vâ€"_J 0 sum Dr Pierce’s' 'Favorite Prescription: which will surely and qmckl banish all pain, distress and misery an restore the womanly health. Young mothers who preserve the charms of face and figure m spite of an increasing family and the care of owing rte Prescnption ” gives the strength and health upon which happy motherhood depends. It enables the mother to nour- ish the infant life depending on her, and enjoy the happiness of watching the de- velopment of a. perfectly healthy child. A GREAT BOOK THAT EVERY WOMAN SHOULD HAVE. Over a million copies of the “The People’s Common Sense Medical Adviser” are now in the hands of the people. It is a book that everyone should have and read in case of accident or sickness. Bufii WOMEN OF CANADA. PAGE THREE. $2070 $475 85¢up a bottle of Dr. Pierce’s Favorite (From The Na The entry of R yeast circle of the? “in-definiteness? god. to its political cm the physical: the Central Po w: ever It suggq god thence to t trontiers lie exp no less than the four Powers: P. and now Rouma mmeflt been (_ Immd on nation hep down the might have bee: gavfe for the Hu fie that is stabl Allied arms till gimism begin. - extremely un them on the out no time to ass Now it slips fro garia, it is safe condition to ho bined assault fr the North. If B key goes. And pearance of th tion again a dreams comes to of the leading 1i ambition centre A dwindling pol .610le but sure] terial surface. T is over. The who is on a steadil} [ensive, and Whe able part mak physical surrend of Germany on - too. Thus. if we 0‘ the war. We 5 must be. For our part reioice that the" come by thi.c 1 nothing is DIOI‘ the German non in Picardw into German (:31 DPObaLilitV GL‘I‘d an exhausted leaving her fret! hold her corridoi Vision is no“ 1111 her own allies 1 world can build meat; and the European War drop clean out fllip. It is not 1 make that selfâ€"J tio'Ls error 01‘ western ext was barred 1. and we must luc tain her Easté lines, and to Cl borhness the A] them. But sot them, fixed as mil, she exhibit! Visage of an ad ducted Witho chance of succe they sustain su Germanv’s rule 1 the contest bx beds the peac lame; and W smce that mm 9r 3. Belgian p4 Vin. To this c tiQnal consciou tinually nearer German Sociali definitely chi ment has come Vlnt peace. I an: raises new I tWeen herSelf a] can mnduct the Slaughter with 4 its greater e; eds and a narrd tactics only prot Gfi‘lmmy strug" morn-ow. If Gem Enquered. he t1