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i3 ‘1! fittfi$Â¥$$¥fits o no on O; 00 o$* ’00 THE DURHAM CHRONICLE akifiitifitv'fiifir 'a. Black diamonds or pure carbon are not by any means cheap. and the own- ers of the mines in Brazil where they are gathered are making a good thing out of their monopoly. There is no known substance that can take the place of carbon in drills. in boring for gold. silver. copper and other mineral deposits. Before the black diamonds of Brazil were discovered it was im- possible to make borings. N THE BLACK DIAMOND I It Is One of the Curiosities of the Mineral Kingdom. the real “black dla monds" of com- merce are among the most unique min- eral productaof the world. and they serve a purpose in the industrial world that makes th am of great value. The black diamonds are pure carbon and yet tn no outward appearance resem- ble the diamonds which we are accus- tomed to wear as ornaments. They are slightly harder than the crystal or gem diamonds and. in fact. about the hardest substance known. Black diamonds. or carbons. are among the greatest curiosities of the mineral kingdom. They are without crystalline form and are found in ir- regular pieces. ranging in size from half a carat up to three. four and five hundred carats. They are dark gray. black or brownish in color and opaque. The real diamond of the jewelry trade is also pure carbon. but translucent and crystalline in form. Two objects so alike in composition could not be found so opposite in appearance as these two forms of carbon. Another peculiar thing about the black diamonds is that they are found only in one locality in the world. They come from a very small section of Bra- zil not more than 225 miles square in area. Outside of this limited territory no pure black diamonds have ever been found. What peculiar freak of nature cans- ed the deposition of the black dia- monds in this section of the world and nowhere else is one of the mysteries which science has failed to explain. None of them has been found in the great Kimberley diamond regions. where the crystal form of diamonds have for so long been mined The whole origin of the black dia- mond is. therefore. a scientific enigma. Naturally the question is raised. "Of what use is a black diamond?" No one would care to wear one or these diamonds. which resembles a piece of coal more than a real diamond. and so far no one has popularized the black gems as the black pearl has been. Nevertheless the black diamonds serve a most important and useful function in the industrial world. This pure black carbon is not only harder than the real diamond. hut tougher and not so brittle as the gem. Consequently it is or great value for many mechanical purposes and partic- ularly for boring with diamond drills. In diamond drilling the tips of the drills are studded with carbon. or black diamonds. and when the bores are deep the pressure is so great that the gem diamonds would he crushed in the process. But the carbon resists this continued pressure and slowly eats down into the rocks. In diamond drill work the carbon is set in circular pieces of soft steel or iron, called bits. and these bits are at- tached to tubing. Armed with these black diamond teeth. the drills push their way down under severe pressure to a depth or five and six thousand feet. cutting through the hardest kind of rock. Some black diamonds are much harder than others. and there is no way to determine by the color the difference in the degree of toughness. When the carbon was first introduc- ed in our industries it was used in diamond saws for cutting stones, mar- ble and similar substances. Then the price advanced so that the carbon was found too costly for such use. and bur: was substituted for stone cutting. Burt is really an imperfect crystal or gem diamond. but it is too brittle for use in drills. Consequently bort has tak- en the place of black diamonds for stone cutting. and the latter have been restricted almost entirely to dis-mono drilling purposes. ' The average size of black diamonds used in the drills ranges from two to five carats. but- the larger specimens give much better results. They cost more. but they last longer. Conse quently there is a greater demand for the larger pieces of pure carbon. and the price is sometimes run up to pre- mium figures for unusual specimens. The fear that the supply of black diamonds may some day give out and paralyze the diamond drilling industry has stimulated prospectors to syste- matic search for new deposits. but so far they have not been successful. On the other hand. scientists have been making a close study of the chemical conditions which have produced the black diamonds. but their manufacture it apparently about as difficult as the making of the gem diamonds. It is possible under certain conditions to make either. but not in sizes sudicient to be of any commercial value. Na ture in some peculiar .way has made these are products and then thrown thinnerâ€"ct of the process away. it any man can ever unlock or find that so mthemaycauseaponicmthedia In! tau-Scientific American. Whoa Bagpipes Squuk Out “Tho Star Spangled Banner.” "1 wish.‘ growled a man who made a tour of the British isles. "that the British handmastera would take a course of instruction in what consti- tutes the American national airs. Baud concerts are the rage all over England, lreland. Scotland and Wales. During the summer season. probably as a compliment to the hordes of Ameri- cans who are flinging away gold for their benefit, they present daily what is generally dubbed 'American nation- al alrs.’ "The majority of these handmasters think ‘Dixie' is the national air. be- cause they sagely observe it is the only one which Americans applaud. “The Star Spangled Banner’ is dismal and lnguhrious enough under the best of circumstances. but to hear the Scotch bagpipes have a fling at it is indescribable misery. The man who wrote the 'Columhia' hymn would not know his own work as performed in Great Britain. and even the 'lx'eutuvlty Home' and other negro ballads get a touch between an lrish jig and a Scotch wail which robs the American visitor at any pieasttre which he might experience in hearing songs from home. It may he that British. St'titt'li and Irish ghosts on this Side of ill" water get as much dismmfort in heat- ing ‘.-\nuie Laurie.“ i hope. they do. for it would establish a sort of inter- national masical haiance."â€"-New You; Press. How to Awaken at Any Hour You May Designate. Sleep is the. best cure for waking trouble. Hours for sleep: Nature gives five. Custom seven. Wearlness takes nine. Laziness eleven. If you wish to arise at a certain hour. before going to bed make with your right foot as 'many marks on the door as the hour on which you wish to wake. then go to bed backward. To insure happy dreams hum some hazelnuts and do the ashes up in a package. which you must place he- neath your pillow. You will then dream sweetly. It a person talks in his sleep. out his hand in a Dom or water and be will wll you all his secrets. The [iindoos say it In bad luck to sleep with your head to the north. but sleeping with your head to the south promotes longevity. It you wish ever to marry. never muk under the bed. it is considered by some nations dau- gerous to sleep whiie thirsty. for the soul leaves the body in search or wa- ter. and if the body awakened too quickly the soul might not have time to return to it. so the body would die. In Germany the nightmare is believ- ed to he a spectral being which places itself upon the breast or the sleeper. depriving him or the power of utter- ance or motion-Philadelphia Press. Dean Pigou gives a few reminis. cences of Doncaster, where at one time he was vicar. Among the stories he tells is this concerning one of his curates. He went to see an old_ wo- “Now, I’ll tell you what you does when you come to see me. You sit. on that stool. You then read me. mind, a short psalm. Then you givo me a shilling, and you can go.”â€"--Lon- don Vanity Fair. The reader“ of this paper will be pleased to learn that that is at least on dreaded dwelt-e that scio-nce- ha been able to cure in all in stages. an that is (In arrh. Hall's "utarrh Cure in the only positixe cure known to the medical fra- turnlty. Caurrh being a commutioml disease. requires a a‘nnutitu'ismal reatment. Hall's (In. tarrh Cure is taken intentlly. “ting (“ready upon the blood Ind mum-n- purl ates - f Hm M'stem. thereby destroying the (outlinin- of the disease. ind giving 1l1â€"patiem strength by bull-0 m: up we mmuitntion 3nd ”misting mum in doing its work. The proprietors hove so much mu: In {boundvo power: that tbev oflr one Haunt-ad Dolls" for uyeuothst it fails to can. Send for list of tantamount. “Yes," he replied. "Well, just you sit down on tbs! ’ere chair.” It was a three-legged stool of most uncertain standing. . “Daddy,” said a boy to his tgthet, “I’ve got a pencil which will write green, purple, crimson or any “0! yogmg." “No, it won’tâ€"not the same :1“. my son.’ “You daren’t bet me a dime it won’t, daddy. ” “I’ll give you a dime if it will." said the old man. "Ifhé ybungster dived into his pocket, prodgced ghe stump of a pommgn lug pencil and wrote on a piece of pupa the words, “magenta, green, crimton. pumlefwtc- .. .. .. n .- PIC, ,, “There, daddy. Say it won’t write any color you like now. Fork on! that dime.’ Address 1". J. CH 88 BY 6.: 00.. Toledo, 0. Sold by ‘11 Dmggistn 75c. Me 3311'. hull, Pm- hr mutants». $3.: SLEEP SUPERSTITIONS. Points For the New Curate. MUSICAL MISERY. $100 Reward. $100 Won H is Bet. I Insures all kinds of term proper' ity and isolated dwellings 1:: re- ;duced cash rates. and nude-r Iowâ€" !er premium notes for a term 0‘ three or four years than can be 'secured elsewhere Buildings 1'1‘0' Etected with lightning rods and 'their contents accepted at lower .rntes than others not so protected +2~l+1WWRW~+i+ Farmers’ Central Mutual Fire Insurance COMPANY The Second Strongest PurelyMutuaI fire Insurance (lo-puny In OntarLo Head Office. - “'alkcrtonl‘! W. J. MCFADDEN, Ag’t. DURHAIL ONTARIO 'mwâ€" '6‘!» Ink-h" By October l5thiour new factory at Hanover will be completed. \Vv will require fifty girls. “'e ulm have. room for a. few girls in our present quarters. Applications will be received now by WILLIAMS, GREENE ROME 00., Limited HANOVER. - - ormmo WANTED FIFTY GIRLS PROPERTY INSURED NBA}!â€" LY $9,000,000.00. J J. Bchumacher, Manager. April 21, 1910 TH l: 0n? I". KTPSS ha.“ I‘t'Xllmi deuce to “r. llillll]!’l'. }(-\ We have pasturo f of cows. Apply to W once to Mrs. A Town. Dunham. “'2 regret to loam Constable Carson is 1101 .I rapidly I! We “'(‘uld 3bftfih “u‘u'rs are by III? to eat onions in hours of 7 o‘clock a. It «has teen wul haw a For 8119 choap.â€". hand buggy, gmn‘s lnd ruhber muumvd . baby carriagt Dunn Durham. There is a ministvr c‘ Hohtein from 'l‘oromo h' 0‘ Il-uatard. Nu doum .IT nble to give Hw "wish'i hot Otufl on Sundays. A business mt‘vting Hf en’s Institute wm be- home of Mrs. Thou. M min street, on Thur ‘th. EVeI-yhody cm-dial Slmuel Langh' tar known by h Mark Twain. di. Ami! at the 39:. won the groan-s1 ‘It. Ind 'nifi (’93? throughout '1}. world. Ben-'1! girl wanted 31.”. Raymond J.“ h“ family and "lu‘l‘ Painters-ton this \\' amm‘ Mr. and Mr 'Illufl {rum hm l‘unetled. as ‘ht'_.' belvu: tho lm-t «.f made many frimd “I. T. N. “'11 “MCCSSfUI ]»l'i'/_e' Imported F r: -! Gnrnamem, hu‘. Flelherton, Hm Forest, and 2nd Standard 1 first and 1 Ind Mt. F Pectively. mVI. (h? Ii?! daughter (if M IcDonald. of 1 "£501“ suHm'n M‘ which V. Thursday last. 'ho WIS abnu'. hen-house to h yielded to tht other tum child; out to age 1h. m back to the .hH tell injuring 1m “It'd. 8313' 1-. not I0 obstinal v the Child 9.! 2:» Owedingly \u H A Hamil!” Globe last Milton (.‘as VIC married y. \ ‘ “\Annie Pulls-2‘. .1‘ Ch hide’b pan Lis. 1- W. Graham. 1C\.s:.s tug, The oifioiamlg Choker. J. A. "Vil‘nt' ”flerian churl-h. “Guelph.” Mrs, (Mn M here. is a 311‘: d h. and Mrs. nuna .u Vith her husbal 51". R14 Is been decided th “1- I model sch l“ on conditions of the past two It ol days of the it“: them. 80007 OX‘( m 38!“ ‘t lht‘ El ins 2249.1 2 Slot Am Hunt fl