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...r.â€"r...<masmm»~r an ~ .. I-v .w...-..a.\. u Whfimwdyflm'bJ’l-o“ - um “\M HINTS FOR THE FARMER. 3rd Edition , SHUEING AND FITTING. This. subject of fitting is so broad. and covers so many different points that it is impossible to treat it fully unless unlimited time and space is giv- en to the cohsideration; therefore we will for the present, confineoul'selveS to but one feature, viz., the hind fit- ting. and in conjunction with the sub- ject also treat. in a passing way. con- formation and the necessity of study- ing it when attempting to fit a shoe, says a practical horseshoer in the Horseshoer's Journal: In shoeing a horse any intelligent man will. before starting the operation. first study the conformation. He will look first at the limbs, and then the position the feet occupy toward the limb. Then follow- ing up his subject he will look at the position the feet occupy on the ground. He will find some limbs, I mean the lower portion, for this is our main point of observation, with long drawn pasterns, bound or curb hocked, oth- ers short in pastern and s‘traight’hock- ed. Some feet he will find lorig' feed and low heeled, others the reverse. with a short. stubby toe and upright heels; again he may find the long-teed and low-heeled foot to be wired or dip- ped in. Then to the position. \Ve will find some toeing out, some occupying a straight or direct position, and some, though' the case is rare, decidedly pig- eon-toed. Here are three distinct po- sitions that the feet occupy on the ground. It may be asked, what has the limbs or their conformation to do with the shoe or its shape? Simply this: A shoe properly adjusted will serve the purpose of sustaining the flexor lig- aments according to the demands of the case. For instance, the long-teed and low-heeled foot will, as a rule, be found on horses with long pasterns, and as may be seen in many cases, the same'kind of conformation in the lower part will generally be accomâ€" panied by a bowed hock; this is a com- mon case, and is. to some extent, to be expected when the general line of conâ€" formation is considered. Now, in such a case, it will be noticed that many fit- ters will shoe with a long outside muleâ€" shaped heeled shoe. The practice is a wrong one unless other conditions de- mand. If we find that the long-teed, low-heeled foot looks straight ahead, we should. to be correct in our prac- tice of fitting it, resort tothe extra length on both heels, and not on the one heel alone. The latter method is injurious, inasmuch as it tends to throw the foot out of balance by forc- ind undue strain on the interior liga- ments of the leg. and also creating a tendency to friction on the joints of the foot bones. But when it is found that the toe is long, and heel low, and the foot looks out after the manner in cow-hooked horses. than we can, with justice to the place. apply the long outside heel to the shoe. turning or nailing it outwardly as much as the case may demand. Now, in the case of the straight-posterned and direct- looking feet. the plain necessity is to follow the lines of the foot and keep the heels of the shoe regular and even, neither being longer than the other. \Ve will notice. in all such cas- es, that the limbs and feet occupy di- rect lines from the hook down to the very point of the toe: regularity of conformation is marked. The foot is not: too long of toe, the heels are mod- ernlely high and symmetrically shaped, the pasterns are short and well knit. and the hock is straight; 75 per cent. of such conformnlion calls for an even- heeled shoe. In interfering. this kind of conformation will generally be found to strike almost centrally of the foot, while in the other cases mentioned it ls toward the heel that the damage will be done. . _~_ CLOVER AFTER \VINTER \VHEAT. Failure to get a "catch" of clover after winter wheat has frequently been a source of great. annoyance to farmers using the old standard four- year rotation, especially in these sec- tions which have been cropped for many years. This failure has been as- cribed to many things. generally a lack of water, or the probably imagin- ary disease known as clover sickness. The usual practice in the four~year rotation is to apply a heavy top-dress~ ing of farmyard manure to the corn in the spring. with, perhaps. a light application of well-rotted manure in the fall in connection with the two to five hundred pounds per acre, of commercial fertilizer. This is supposâ€" ed to answer. not only for wheat, but also for the clover and timothy crops to follow. 50 long as a good clover crop can be secured. a good timothy crop is sure to follow. If the clover fails. the timothy fails also. and the rotation is broken with the result of several years unprofitable work to get the soil into good heart again. ll is clearly understood that the bulk of the farmyard manure goes to the corn each year. the wheat receiv~ ing the. remainder supplemented by commercial fertilizers. Now it should be perfect‘y clear that the corn and wheat sulwiauially exhaust manure and commercial értilizcr. and the clov- er mus: nuke out the best it can. If the soil is very rich naturally. the clov- er wi": make out well; in the long run. howewr. the soil becomes poor and (he clover fails. Most farms in the East have already reached this stage. The importance of making a good catch of clover being admitted. we na- turally seek a method by which there will be no hit. or miss about the mat- ter. \Ve all know the importance_ of the mineral fertilizers in growing clover. and it is quite probable that the cause of so much failure is due to a deficiency of potash and phosphoric acid in the soil immediately after the maturity of the wheat. Farmyard man- ure contains its nitrogen, potash and phosphoric acid in much the same pro- portions as are required by the wheat crop itself. It stands to reason that if the wheat is not above the average. it has suffered from lack of plant food; such being the case, what fertilizer is left in the soil for the clever which follows? Clover needs no nitrogen fer- tilizer. but it requires as much phos- phoric acid as the wheat, and two or three times as much potash. Farmers will find it pays them to fertilize for their clover, in which case the timothy will look out for itself. The mineral fertilizer, can very well be applied in the fall on the wheat. though a top-dressing of seventy-fivet to 121‘) pounds of muriate of potash per acre in the spring will prove efâ€" fectual. The acid phosphate can safely be applied in the fall with the fertil- izer for the wheat. A good fertilizer for wheat is, per acre, fifty pounds of dried blood, 300 pounds of acid phosphate, and seventy- five pounds of muriate of potash, to be applied in the fall. In the spring 150 pounds of nitrate of soda should be broadcasted. To insure a good catch of clover, there should be applied in the fall, in addition to the fertilizer for the wheat. 250 pounds of acid phos- phate. In the spring at least 125 pounds of muriate of potash per acre should be broadcasted. By following this plan all that can be done to inâ€" sure a catch will have been done. and the nitrogen gained by ’the clover will be worth twice the cost of the miner- al fertilizer applied for the clover. BURR KNAPP’S FAR‘M FURROVVS. Stick to the farm. Better coarse clothes than empty stomachs. The best things are free. So live as to get plenty of them. If the meat spoils, think no more of it, but eat bread. Some young men must scurry over the world like a box in search of its lid, before they can hitupon. their calling. Lucky is the man who 18 con- tent to walk in his'father’s shoes. Money Is a good medicine. but not a cureâ€"all. ‘ Less strong drink; more hard chink. THE MIDDLE-AGED MAN. Some Notes ofllls Experience in the Matter ofSleep. "I find." said the middle-aged man, “two things: That I need just about so much sleep and that I need it at just. such hours. What suits me best is to go to bed at 10 o'clock and. get up at 6. If I go to bed at 12 I am likely to wake up in the morning at 6 anyway, or soon after, and then I get a short night’s sleep, which is bad for me; and even if I sleep over, until 7 or 8 o’clock, so ’that I get my full am- ount of sleep, it does not refresh me as the same amount does taken at my accustomed hours; I don't feel the same. "Here is another thing that I obâ€" serve: If I get’ a. short night’s sleep I seem to have to make this up. (That is one full night's sleep after a. short night does not bring me‘ back to feelâ€" ing quite like myself again. It takes me two or three nights of sleep to get back to normal, "All of which means that I find I 'can work to the best advantage on reâ€" gular sleep at regular hours,_ and I don’t believe I am alone in this.” A GREAT ADVANTAGE. Marieâ€"I wish I ‘was a deaf mute. Penelopeâ€"Oh. how awful! \Vhy. you'd have to talk with your hands. Marieâ€"Yes, that’s it. Then I could talk with two hands. whereas now I can talk with only one mouth. COULDN'T TAKE CHANCES. Smithâ€"One can’t always judge a. man's patriotism by his conversa- tion. Jonesâ€"No, I suppose not. Smithâ€"Take Brown. for instance; would you call him a coward? Jonesâ€"\Vell, erâ€"I might, if I was sure he wouldn't fight. SIGN LANGUAGE. ' How did Eleanor announce her en- gagement to the family? She just wiggled the finger that had on the diamond ring. __ .._. __-_‘_â€".__. Two pantries at Windsor Castle con- tain gold and silver plate valued at £1,500,000. Owing to the recent revival oftrade in Yorkshire and Lancashire. recruit- ing in those countries is slack. and in consequence rccrutling officers are in despair. “'ith the French sense of fitness a bullfight was gotten up recently for the benefit of the Bourgognc suffer- ers at 'l‘oulon. Four thousand people crowded into the bull ring. and after waiting for an hour and a half were informed that the managers of the entertainment had disappeared with the entrance money and that thcbull- fighters would not. fight. until they were paid. The spectators thereupon began to tear down the woodwork of the building and set it on fire, and there was a panic in which women and children were trampled under foot. cotton wool. occasion offered. GARE OF THE wanna EVER TAUKLEA STUâ€"Blilifili SPLENDID MEDICAL EQUIPMENT IN AN OLD MAN'S PRIVATE CIRCUS IN A THE SOUDAN WAR. Elaborate Arrangement for the Sick and Wounded Soldiers. of Gen. Kitchener-’1 Annyâ€"Quite 3 Contrast the Methods Employed In the. Spanish-American War. ‘ There is not ‘the least. danger of the hospital horrors that resulted from the Spanish-American war being re- peated in the Soudan. The arrange- ments made by the British Army Medi- cal department for the finaladvance on Khartoum. were most elaborate and complete. They are thus described by the special correspondent of the Lon- don Daily News, who accompanies the expedition: The arrangements have been made by Surgeon-Colonel Macao- mara. who has been and remains P.M.O. of the British force, while Surgeon- General Taylor, -â€"a man of great and varied experienceâ€"has come specially out to exercise supreme control in both British and Egyptian divisions. The arrangements made for the treatâ€" ment of the wounded are as follows: A medical officer is attached to each battalion, and one also to the cavalry and to each battery of artillery; then from each battalion etc.. are drawn thirtyâ€"two trained men, who retam their arms and can be otherwise usr in emergency, whose business is to pick up and give first. aid to the Wounded and convey them to the field hospitals. which will be at convenient distances behind the brigades in some sheltered position. Behind each brigade are to be five field hospitals, each with one medical officer and accommodation for twenty-five men. These five field hos- pitals act as one, but are made sec~ tional in order that the sections may be detached to follow any battalion that may be acting independently of the brigade. In all these there is ac- COmmodation for 125 wounded in the field hospitals of each brigade. There is also a. senior medical officer with each brigade. Lieutâ€"Col. Sloggett,with General \Vauchope's and Lieut.-Col.; Hughes with General Lyttleton's com- mand. ’ '- From the field hospitals the wound- ed are to be conveyed as soon as pos- isble. after treatment, to barges moor- ed off the river bank, where there will be accommodation for 200 men. These barges are at present engaged in con- veying troops to \Vad Habashiyeh, our place of rendezvous, but as soon as this work is completed they will be cleansed and disinfected and fitted as hospit- als. Other barges will be used for Operating purposes. THE ROENTGEN RAYS. Two Rolentgen rays apparatuses (which are now here) will be on these barges. Of course, apart from the barges, there will be other hospital ac- commodation on the river bank, and the barch will. if necessary. ply to and from the Atbara. camp. Between Khartoum and this place there will be eight lines and communication hospit- als, with 50 beds, having, of course, a medical officer attached to each. Sur- geon-Major Hunter, who, until last year, was attached to the Egyptian army, has charge of these eight hospit- als. Here, at the Album, ample and spec- iai accommodation has been provided. A hospital has been built of mud bricks, with walls some three feet thick, and a lofty roof. the wards be- ing ceiled with matting and thickly thatched with Dhurra. straw. It is probably as cool a place as there is in the Soudan. Here is accommodation for 200 men, but on so generous a. scale that if necessary another fifty or more could be added without any cramping of the inmates. Men reach- ing this hospital get proper hospital clothing and bedding, and have sheets to their beds. Six medical officers are in charge. There is another base hos- pital lower down the river at Abadeah. Fifteen miles north of Berber is an- other big mud brick hospital, with ac- commodation for 300 men, who will be looked after by eight medical officers. Both hence and from the Atbara camp sick convoys will be made up for the desert. railway journey to Bolts, and the trains will be specially fitted for conveying sick and wounded. At Halfa and at Assuan, where there are breaks between rail and river, there will be severally a fifty-bed and a twenty-five bed hospital for the accommodation of men who need rest after the journey. At Abadeah hospital. by the way. is another Roentgen apparatus. On each gunboat is a medical officer, the RM. 0., of the gunboats being Surgeon- Major Smythe. A 'l‘llOROl,-'GH ORGANIZATION. Every sort of drug, appliance and in- strument. that may be required has been plentifully supplied; and the or- ganization generally is so lhorough that there is every reason to hope that th: complaints so often made (and made as much by the surgeons as by anyonn else) of the inadequacy of the arrangements for the medical treat- ment of our troops on active service u-nll not find any voice as regards the expedition to Khartoum. I have omitted to mention that the stretchers for carrying the Wounded and sick from place to place have been lined with hoods. and Tommy. who generally contrives to get fun of his own peculiar fancy out. of most events has succeeded in evolving a. mild but popular jokelet out of the labour the alteration has cost him. For some rea- son or other it has been the fashion at Darmali to cast a sort of comic scorn on the prevalent theory in camp that these gallant soldiers were to Guards, there being asort of be sent to Khartoum wrapped (so to speak) in A bit at the Guards therefore was not to be missed when And the soldier at work on the stretcher hoods promptly answered the question as to what they were for with. you and me to carry Guards to Khartoum, of course." "\Vhat for? Why for the blooming Strangers Into Attempting a Pen! Beside “'hlch Riding a Trick Mule Seems Simpleâ€"Struggles ofa New Yorker. A stranger wandering through the beautiful country near Chatham, Can- ada, would sooner or later find his way to adecp bay that reaches up from Lake Erie, It is an attractive stretch of water, famous for its game fish, while moose and deer are not distant. Though not known to the great world~ it. is afamiliar resort for many lov- ers of nature. who find it the central point of aseries of lakes ’which stretch away for hundreds of miles, inviting the visitor on: and on into the heart of the great Canadian forest. But it is not only the game or‘ ‘the beauties of nature that attract at- tention at Grand. Eau. On the edge of the bay at. acertain point a. man well known to the surrounding country has built adefence in the form of asquare out into the. water, which is here about four feet in depth. Across the inclosure extends another fence, reaching just above the surface. The object of this fence is the source of much speculation to strangers. Some at first think it is acowyard that has been overtaken CANADIAN BAY. Akcward or sloo‘we Bait Which Lures by the rising water, while others be- lieve it. to be some kind ofla. fish‘ .trap. One day astranger who had visited Grand Eau in ,search of the black bass for which the locality is noted, came upon the inclosure, late in the after- noon, and, curious, he stopped and be- gan to wonder what it could be. Aft- er examining it well, he walked along the front until he suddenly saw THE FOLLOWING- NOTICE : $100 RE\VARD.â€"One hundred doll- ars will be paid to any one who? will lift one of the sturgeons in the pen over the fence into the other side. There was no reason given for this curious announcement, nor was there 8. house in the vicinity where inquiries could be made regarding it, but a man’s name at the bottom. of the pic- card indicated that the reward would be forthcoming if- the feat should be accomplished. - As the stranger glanced from the sign and the inclosure to the land side, where richly wooded hills stood out against the blue sky, he saw aboy up- proaching, who quickly came at his call. “Is that a. joke?" he ing to the sign. "No, sir-ee," dead earnest." “What does it mean, anyway?" con- tinued the stranger, again reading the notice. "Dunno," said the boy. "All there is to it is that; if you put the fish over you’ll git the money." This seemed an easy way to earn $100, and the stranger, who was an athletic young man from northern New York, determined to earn it. “Just watch my clothes, will you?" he said to the boy, as he slowly began to undress. "Certain," the boy answered, grin- ning, and he climbed on one of the posts that formed the corner of the water yard, where he settled him- self as though expecting atreat. The stranger presently climbed the pen fence, on which he stood, and looked around. The water was very clear, and moving slowly about were several large sturgeons. As he looked seven passed in reviewâ€"â€"large fellows, weighing at least 125 pounds each. The first thing to do, he thought, was to catch the sturgeon,â€"-an easy matter in so small an enclosure. So he carefully slipped inside the fence, where he stood a moment, amazed at the tameness of the fish, which did not appear to no- tice him; then it flashed through his mind that perhaps they were accus- tomed to being experimented uponâ€"it was an old story to them. Slowly he moved out into the water until waist deep, then, as one of the sturgeons came swimming slowly toward him, be spread his feet apart. lhe file pass- ing directly beneathlhcm. As its sharp nose and head moved beneath him he reached down and GRASPED 'I‘HE FISII. The next moment. the boy nearly fell from his perch in afit of laughterâ€"- the young man had entirely disap-l peaned,‘The instant. he touched the‘ fish it rose beneath him, lifting him; from his feet and throwing him back-2 ward. As he rose from the water, greatly: astonished at the rudeness of the at- tack, he saw that an 'old man had join- ed the boy, holding on to the fence and laughing so heartily that tears ran from his eyes. The young man was not discouraged with his first at-v tempt. and the presence of the two made him still more determined to place the sturgeon on the other side of the fence. ; He now conceived the plan of corncr- - ing a. fish and seizing it by the head? and at once proceeded to put it into operation. The sturgeons had become: excited and were moving rapidly. Oni his way to the corner two ran Into? him, and. coming from behind, threw, him off his feet so cleverly thal thel old man and the boy broke into male? asked, point- the boy replied; “it's ' is very acute. "No." shortly. ‘ The young man had climbed upon the fence and sat looking at the big fish some minutes before he again entered the fenced arena. The sturgeons had quieted down and he waited until one came by, then seized it by the head and lifted. There was a rush of web- ers and man and fish disappeared, ro- appeared and went plunging along. now out, now under, snorting, puffing. splashingâ€"a most remarkable sight. The young man finally got. on his feet and staggered up to the fence, holding the struggling fish firmly be- tween his legs; and the boy on the poet saw that he had one hand in lthe stur- geon's soft, toothless month. For a. second the fish was quiet. then as its captor gave a. tremendous lift, it plungâ€" ed forward, seeming to the two SpBOND- tors to climb over the young man. who, losing his balance, fell upon his back. while the sturgeon swam calmly away. As the stranger's eyes appeared above the surface they rested on the old man holding on to the fence, almost doubled up with laughter. "Why, you're not going to give it up i” he said, as the young man slow- ly waded out. "Yes, I am,” replied the stranger shortly. "Who is that?" he asked the boy, as the old man disappeared through the trees. - "Why, that's the man that'll give the $100 toany one l_hat'll put the fish over the fence. That’s his enjoyâ€" mentâ€"seein' folks tackle the stur- geons. .Every man and boy within fifty miles has tried it." added the boy, as he dropped froml the post, see- Ing that. the; show was over "but the sturgeons are all that side of the fence." ‘ _ THE WORLD’S WHEAT llllilP SEASON OF PLENTY, WITH CHEAP BREAD AND LOW PRICES. Enropcnn Harvest “'ill be a Good Avcrago â€"Flgurcs From the Dunn-cut (‘oulurlcs Which Tcll ofu Good l'rop. The work of computing the whcat crops of the world has commenced in Britain. that great buyer of wheat, and the returns so far available promise a season of plenty. with the accompanh ments of cheap bread and low prices for wheat. One English newspaper publish" es an estimate which bears every evi- dence of care, and the conclusion reached is that a state of affairs will exist. which will be paralleled only by the big American crop of 1991, to which the low prices which prevailed for some years were attributed. Taking the average of the last five years. Europe produces 57.22 per cent. of the wheat produced in the world. and the United States and Canada pro- duce another 21 per cent., so that the harvests now in the reapers' hands no- count for over 78 per cent. of the world's wheat. While Europe grows 57.- 22 per cent. of the world's wheat it anâ€" nually consumes over 72 per cent., and. thus has to import some 15 per cent. of the world’s wheat grown elsewhere. To put it into bushels, Europe annual- ly produces, on the average of the last five years, 1,405,000,000 bushels of wheat: but consumes 1,715,000,000 bushels, and thus has to buy 310,000,000 bushels. and year on an average. The GOOD PRICES LAST YEAR. were due to the fact that Europe pro- duced only 1,100,000,000 bushels, and so had to buy rather over 000,000,000 bush- els. or double the usual quantity. The harvest of Europe promises. this authority says, to be a good average: In the United Kingdom the crop will be rather over 62,000,000 bushels, some 6,000,000 in excess of that of last year. In France the crop is over the aver- age, and is placed by good authorities at 360,000,000 bushels, as compared with 243,000,000 bushels last year, and on average of 310,000,000 bushels. 'l‘he crops of European Russia are dcscrilmd as promising to be over the average, the total yield being cslimatcd at quilev 400,000,000 bushels. This will be 138,-. 0:30.000 bushels ahead of last year's crop, and 24,000,000 bushcm over the average. Austriaâ€"Hungary. ll.nly,Spuin and Itoumania report crops over the average, and Germany and Heva oi hcr countries are reported to haw- crops of good average size. In European 'l‘ur- key the crop is doubtful, but this is the only exception in liuropn. All told, the indications are lhut Europe will this year produce about l,500,000,000 bushels, which will leave a demand for from 220.000.0000 to 250,000,000 bushels from other parts of the world. IN THE l'Nl’l'l-Jl) S’l‘A'l‘l-IS. according to this authority, lhc wheat crop will be from 5W),000,000 buslv-ls lo 020,000,000, and in (‘anada it will be about 70,000,000 bushels, liven if only 000,000,000 buxlu-ls wo-rc H-apc-d in tho twocmuntrics, the 250,000,000 bus-shalt! which apps-:Lr in b" the limit of Europe's liuyings this your will be easily suppli- cd. Anything ow-r that would be a surplus. Since this (estimate was compiled disc ma] reports haw r-uum of crop failures In Russia. In in” a dozen province» the yield is wm'lhwss and the distress There are: iiftyuonn such provinces in Russia, but 1h six cum- prise almost Lb» whole of Ilue grunt. Volga valley and conlain fiftm-n out of the nimty-four millions of inhabi- tants of European Russia. The “ha-at of laughter, As he picked mama" up] area which my include is probably so- another sturgeon bumped into him, scraping its rough hide against his legs. "Say, mister," said the boy on the post as the young man made for the fence, "did you ever go to acircusl" ’l'he stranger nodded assent. “Ever ride the trick mule and gitl , 810?" rand Odessa. Should these reports prove- to only to th'li. cr-nu-ring about be accurate, the Rim-inn crop would fall materially brim-x the estimate of a few Weeks ago. and in that was then would be less likt-lihlmtl r)! duolion. in world's wheat ds-mands seem cerveiu ll: be amply supplied. over-pror- any case. hliwrver. t‘u u -‘AA4-‘_A A‘AQ‘.‘