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“anme ‘ 3W1, ‘â€" 1 - =4;brfim:wzm.emzsmowg ,7 ‘the best workâ€"which is highly credit- “at..- _â€"-; Causes Which Tend In liaise the Cost of .anclillio flaking. A great and damaging defect was noted at the Paris exposition among the trdumphs of mechanical ingenuity and that is without exception that machines of all kinds 'are too dear, says the London Spectator. In France the masters prefer to sell a few ma- chines dear rather than many at a lower price. Trade union rules in England which restrict the number of hours of work or limit the output show something of the same spirit. Add to this the Objection of the master generally to turning out anything but able, and We find the nucleus of a con- siderable body of opposition to one of the great and pressing needs of the day. The difficulty is evidently beyond. the financial capacity of modern meâ€"' chanical manufacturers. The result has been that while material of most kinds remains cheap and becomes cheaper, the machinery to convert its remains dear and lessens the benefit: of the cheap raw material. High wages are the cause most often urg-, ed for the prohibitive price of me-; chanical appliances But this can not be maintained as the reason. The Oldham cotton spinners are among the most flourishing workingmen in Engâ€" land, but the article they manufac- ture is so inexpensive that the poorâ€" ost and most frugal nations on earth buy it. Recently the natives of parts of central Africa, where cotton is inâ€" digenous, ceased to grow it or to make. the cloth. It» was cheaper to buy" what was made by the highly paid operators of Lancashire. Clearlyhigh wages do not necessarily mean that the article produced I MUST BE DEAR. The reason for the (learness of ma- chinery clearly lies elsewhere. It is not because there is no demand for it. Mowing machines and sewing ma- chines,'mainly for domestic use,might be quoted as instancesâ€"though we are far from regarding either as‘ coming, up to the standard of really cheap: machinery. ’ There is, in fact, only one machine which is made really cheap, and good -â€"t‘he watch. But the watch is a high- ly valuable and instructive instance,' so by all means let us make the most of it. All the arguments by whichi manufacturers say you cannot, will not and shall not have acheap, self- binding reaper, or a. cheap steam dig- ger, or a fifty-guinea autocar, or enâ€" gines for i a launch, that shall not cost more than if they were cast in silver, were used against the men who said they could make watch- es. Fifty years ago a keyless stop- watch, in which the parts of seconds could be measured, and the hands stop- ped quickly enough to time the flight of a bird, would have cost not less than £30. Today one can be bought for £1. It is' true that the case is‘ .gunâ€"metal. But the machine is good enough for use. And it costs oneâ€"thir- tieth of what it did fifty years ago. That is the kind of thing we mean when we speak of cheap machinery.. A case in which the same treatment might yield enormous results toâ€"day is that of the self-binding reaper, The first reaping machine cost £70. The most modern self-binder now costsI about £35. That is a reduction of one- half 'since the invention appeared. Practically every one who farms would buy a reaper, often many reapers, if they were cheap. But the price, con- sidering all things, is simply extrav- agant. The raw material for them, as for most machinery, is VERY INEXPENSIVE. It is wood, iron and steel. In the ingot and the plank prob- ably the whole could be bought for a couple of sovereigns. With fifteen times the cost of the material added, can we call this a cheap machine? If it were, it would cost about £8 or £10. Yet that would be only a reducâ€" tion to about one-quarter of the pre- sent pricc. The " working ” watch has been reduced to oneâ€"thirtieth. But supposing a reduction all round to oneâ€"quarter of the present price, let us say, for farming machinery, or for locomotives on roads, effected solely- by brains and organization, as was the reduction in the price of the watch. What a decrease in the labor bills and profit to the farmer would result! It might mean the re-cstabâ€" lishment of English agriculture and an era of prosperity like that intro- :luced by steam and coal sixty years ago. A contributing cause of the expense of making machinery is the costliness pf “ the machines which make ma- chines.” These are known as “tools,” and the makers are "tool-makers." From £200 to £1,000 is the range of {prices for "tools" on the list of a, . Legation pump. All Japan teas are colored. {JEYLON GREEN TEA is pure and uncolored. prominent firm. The work turned out is perfect. But there is a great tend- ency to extravagance of finish in non- essentials in the results. \Vhat is wanted is a tool which can cut steel like wood; and do it cheaply. It is said that at Paris one which fulfilled the first condition was ex- hibited. It is noted in nearly all ma- chine-making that there is a luxury of finish, a downright wastefulness of strength, polish and even of what the makers consider ornamental, which is not practical. Almost the earliest ma- chine in which educated Englishmen took any interest was the sporting gun. It was long before any respect- able gun-maker would condescend to do what the Belgians of Liege, and “later the manufacturers of Birming- ham, contrived to do, to turn out a, quite serviceable gun for £6 instead of £40. When a future Gladstone arises to revise our system of rating, to re- they adjust burdens, and, where possible - ' ’ ievo s t I a . . . . to 18mm“, mLBCh u axes’ in m y grandmothers] btralgnt, athletic and be trusted to give early attention to the impost, recent in date, but an- tiquated in spirit. which taxes the machinery which makes machines. VOCIFEROUS “ BE'I‘SY.” a... MacDonald. This interesting gun will (probably find a home in the‘ British I I I I I I I n i I I I | I 1 I I I I I I v I Legation, although the Americans lay claim to it on the score of its being found by Mitchell and fired by him.” .__..+__...... THE MODERN WOMAN. A Gorgeous Descripslun of Elcr Self-1’0: session and flu- Grace. An observant writer has this to say with reference to the modern wom- an: “ How young the well-dressed wom- en of 45 or 50 look, how 'freeL from care and responsibility. There is no single detached word in our language large enough to express the complex impression made by these straying matrons of high fashion. The imme-i was born MI'S- Singleton diate sense of wealth, of habitual self- indulgence, of custom to command; the unmistakable expectation of be- I l l I I Policies l'lay Change. Opinions May Change. but one thing that never ohangeqf‘rhiie is the qualin of Poultry, ésutter, Eggs and other P If you have any correspond with us. . We want €00 CARIâ€"DADS to supply our trade. The Dawson Commission Co , Limited, Toronto. _¢ __ M; '5. WHAT HE \VAS THINKING ABOUT. Soon after Singleton’s ,first baby went up- stairs one evening and entered the room where her darling lay asleep. VERY APPROPRIATE. "My dear,” said Meeker to his better half, on observing new striped hose on his youthful son and heir, "why have ,you: made barber poles of J‘ohnnie’l ‘There she found her husband stand- legs‘l“ in-g obscquiously waited upon, which ing by the Side Of the crib Mid gazing brings a head waiter as surely as a I earnestly at the child. As she stood "Isn‘t he alittle shaver V" familiar whistle calls a dogâ€"all this is intensely amusing, and to the Wom- makes an interesting study. Environ- an devoid of footman and lady’s maid | she thought: still for a moment, touched by the sight, the tears filled her eyes, and "Well, why not i” retorted Mrs. G. OBLIGING. Artistâ€"\Vill you permit me to paint Oh, how d‘early Charles Loves that that 'L‘wt 0f yours? ment has certainly made grand dame: ' boy! troversy. “ And the maidens, c’lass young women of the last cen- tury, what a. strange development traditions and the opinions of their undisturbed by crowds, or pushing, half-disconrteous men, how loudly they laugh, how distinctly and free- ly they talk, of the season, of dress, of the coming wedding, orb the last I I I I Her arms stole softly around his [of these ladies, Without doubt or con- neck) as She rubbed her cheek caress_ ingly against his shoulder. Singleton typical. high- started-slightly at the touch. Darling, he said, dreamily, voicing his thoughts, it is incomprehensible to me how they can get up such a are from the circumstances, the j crib as that for half a guinea. PRACTICAL durations“. Ladies of Canada:- Intcr-mutual trade is the true basis of the federation of the Empire. So far as possible, one colony should con- sume the produce of another. Canadians and India and Ceylon tea bl‘OkeIn engagemfint- HU'W brown they I ca. About 10 per cent. of the latter are, especially their hands, brilliant mm the Inn-runnmml Gun Saved Ihelwith dazzling rings, and how rough Bay m. l’cllln. This interesting account of l and unkempt their hair! 'What cur- the:ious, fanciful clothes they wear,and now famous international gun utilwhat wonderful combs and buckles. PGkin. known as "Our BGISYC’ i3 Dub- i And if she chances to lunch next a lished in the London Standard :â€" ” An American gunner, named Mitâ€" I I I Idisplacing Japan’s planters fought side by side in Airl- volunteered for the war. The Tees of Ceylon and India are the best and purest the world pro- ’ duces. Already the Black Teas of those colonies have captured the Cana- The Green is now fast colored article. dian market trio Of these Very independent young ‘ Quality and sentiment unite to re- girls no elderly woman will fail toloomme-nd it. drink Japan tea should\ help the Briv chell, of the United States Legation i be surprised at what they eat, while Guard of Marines. propOSe-d to make a small cannon out of an old British I I they laugh and chaff eachI other like schoolboys and restlessly put I I Canadian ladies who tish planter by drinking Ceylon green , tea, Blue Ribbon, Monsoon and Salads. . up ' packets are ready for you. A number 0f Cd“- 2 their hands to press uncertain combs Colonist. _’I‘he Otherâ€"You can tar ’er if ye Illkerâ€"she don’t want no paint. my flOHTREAL HOTEL DIRIEE'FGRV. The “ Balmoral‘i'filj'reellue£3,121; mm massacre-armies 3 WW“- ... a... ' _.â€".â€"_ Fatherâ€"Del you think I; ought to have my daughter’s voice cultivated? Absentâ€"minded Visitorâ€"I should done for it. ‘ WPCMDSZ marlin. I I Jthink you ought to have something '1 i thi! «ii caisson: f3 i “i” EMT. a For all skin ailments. I d. 0. culvert 8; 69., Blanch-tater, England §f§§etaliic flailing l Bangles Bree. 124 Adolfldo SI Tursnto, Ont. A g Sausage Casingsâ€"New importaticna finest English 2 Sheep and American Hole Cairnsâ€"reliable goods 5% i right. prices. PAILK, BLACKWELL 5: CO., Toronto. a . v . , . L , l qfig‘ . . ..,. . ... .x.-- '1 â€"._.____ .â€"_ â€"â€"â€"â€"â€" .-.â€"â€"a-.m *V A ~ I mess converts, refugees in the Bl‘itiShjinto their Loose rolls of fluffy hair. LBSation: tOgEthel‘ With a few mar‘ They are fine specimens of physical ines, were sent to shops within the health, with firm shoulders and quite NATURALLY. "Did you know there are minutei ' lines ’ to find materials and tools astonishing, muscular arms, but they parasites in a” of man-s blood ves_ ' “ MILLS, Mil-Ls & “Al-Es Where‘Vith to bring abOUt the “0003' are not fascinating. 1101‘ (1063 the I sels I” I, I; Itemov(Slat:ii‘t'fidbgt‘fiuildlngm Sal‘)’ COIIVG-I‘Sion 01’ the Pump- While i new alert, commanding manner "Say, they must feel as if they had ___' “naggifiisgtwljrflgtgg they were foraging in a. deserted :charm." lived in vein.” a To sand for mu blacksmith‘s shop, they discovered, to} _ _ M WW7WWW(".wmuflwmfiwm .â€" ~1 complete cata- their intense joy and surprise, an old cannon of Chinese manufacture, and brought it home, amidst the shouts of the besieged. " The next trouble was suitable ammunition. \Vhen the Russians left their legation in more or IeSs of a panic, they threw some shells they had in their possession into a well to prevent their possibly falling into the hands of the Chinese. These were fished out and adapted, after a lot of skill and ingenuity, to meet the con- tingency. Other ammunition was made out of pewter candlesticks'and temple vessels of every description, looted from a temple within the ‘lines.’ The manufacture of this am- munition was under the superintend- ence of one of the British marines. “ ' :etsy,’ was mounted on an Ital- ian gun carriage; Chinese gunpowder formed the charge; tussian shells were fired, and the American gunner, Mitchell, fired the gun. Unfortunate- ly, on the day before the troops ar- rived, this very capable gunner was seriously wounded in the arm by a bullet from the enemy’s fire. “ Although it was not by any means a formidable weapon, the excessively loud report therefrom usually struck consternation into the hearts of the Chinese soldiers, with the inevitable result that they quitted their posi- tion as quickly as possible when ‘Bct- sy’ was brought to bear upon them. “ Possibly they imagined that by some means or other the Legation dc- fenders had becn reinforced by abig battery of artillery, seeing that ‘Bet- sy,’ was constantly being moved from one position to another and during the first days of the siege there was an entire absence of anything of the I country church, the couple being eld- is Rheumatism ofthe back. 1 The cause is Uric Acid in the blood. If the kid- "’ neys did their work there Would be no Uric Acid and '5' no Lumbago. Make the ' kidneys do their work. The sure, positive and only ” ‘ cure for Luxnbag‘o is may. '1-‘1..J..1")I‘JW*J‘4" --~ .. r»w.x_.Mm-vsm« ~.. )-I a. HE TOLD HER. A marriage took place at a little erly people. The man was very deaf, so deaf that he could not hear unless I town. I I I I I I HER. ONE DESIRE. Rube. Well, Mandy, hyar we be in Anything ye wanter see, par- tickler? ' Mandy. My laud! Rube. I jcss would love trâ€"w go through the money market. -â€"â€"-.â€"- T9 CUBE A (‘0le IN Ofili BAY Take MXBUVO Bromo Quininn Tablets. All druggisu refund the money it it fail: to cure. E. W. Grover signature in on outbox. 35¢ -,...â€"â€"â€" EASILY EXPLA INED. The Ladyâ€"You’ve been bringing us pretty blu‘c milk lately. The Milkmenâ€"0f course lhave. I don't keep nothin’ but blue-blooded cows. ' FOR OVER FIFTY YEARS MRS WINSLOW‘S SOO’I‘HING SYRUP has been used by molliers for their children teething. It. snnt'ncs the ch Iii. soltcus the gums, aliays pxiln. cu-es wind co Zos andi s the heat remedy for diarrhoea. 25c a. I:o:tl:~. .‘loLd by all druggisls torougliout the world. Be sure and ask for "Mrs. Winslow's Snowing Syrup." - SPLITTING THE ADAGE. Ladyâ€"Are you willing to saw wood if lgive your dinner 2 Trampâ€"No; bu‘t I’ll do the other} half. Ladyâ€"The. other half of what? Trampm’l‘he adage. I’ll say nothing. _..â€".â€"-a $100 Reward, 15103. The readers of this 'Japer will be pleased to learn that thero is at. east one dreaded disease that science has been able to cure in all its 'staees and mm; is Catarrh. Hall’s Uatarrh Cure is the only positive cure now known m tlicmelical iratermty. Ontarrli bPlllg' a cons- titutional dincasc, rzquu‘cs a censntulicnal someone ShDutEd in his 33-13 SO When 2 treatment. Iiall’antsrrh Cure is tak‘nintcr- the clergyman read the words " Wilt thou have this Woman to be thy wedded wife 2” etc, the old man did not understand a word the clergy- man said, but turned to his intend- ed and asked: What do he say? re- ferrng to the person. Whercupon the .Inally, acting directly upon the blood and ' Emucous surfaces of the system, thereby des- { troying the foundation of the disease, and I giving the patient strength by building up the 0: Institution and assisting nature in doing its I work. The proprietors have so much faith in 5 lie curative powers, that. they offer one l'luuâ€" 1 dred Dollars for any case that it fails to cure. I Send for list of testimonials. F: J. CHENEYS: 00.. Toledo 0. Sold by druggists. 750. . I Hall's Family Pills are the best; I fi-“E‘EEQ; “1Fh urine of shot fil" 53.5 :.'u.ln and Books with Special ratec of discount. ‘ thtfi‘i, , “mm” 158 Vonge St. I 533.3 var Books, Rosaries, 13an U I J ‘ Toronto, one. clfixcs. Scapulars. Religions Pictures. Statuary, and Church Ornaments- Eiiucutional Wm 3:5. Mail Order.“ receive prompt stun, 1 Lion. D. G: J. SAfiLiEfl & 00., Montreal. hearsay: praise Cleaning and Curling and Kid Gloves cleaned Thea. can be sent by pest, 1c par oz. the best place In .Eé’tfiiliii diilfzfilfiflil ‘il’Eiiéfl Gil. I .._r__. 3 £23. 3 F‘1 and Sheet Metal Works. ROOFING SLATE, in Black: E Red or Green. SLATE BLACKBOARDS. We supply Public and High scum". Toronto). Roofing elt, Pitch, I can Tar, etc. uoormu TIth (See New Olly Build- ings, Toronto, done by our firm). Metal Ceilings, Cur- 11100“, etc. Eatimates furnished i‘ox‘work coin field or for material: shippml to any part of the rcuntry. hone 3903. 5). DUTHIE d: SCNS,Adslaide 3: Widmerdtsq Toronto ' I ,. _ Fro m Somali g ,r . . ideginnings .. ~. Some ofour Best Deposit Acc0unts- were beguu in a modest way. By adding . small sums at regular intervals, and by the accumulation or‘ interest, they have grown g till they now show handsome balances. It is not necessary to wait till you have a ‘ considerable amount to make a commence- ;ment. \Vc accept small sums on deposit ' and allow interest at sg per cent. per I annum, payable half-yearly. The lie-nails. Permanent AMI WéETERfi SANABA MEJRIGIISE BORP‘dflATISN. Toronto Street, Toronto. ~ ONE-POUND CAKES " nature of heavy firing from). the Eer- woman shouted into his car: He wants to know if you‘ll ha’ me| Lawyerâ€"You say you were in the; FOR xxl‘mfiflls‘u‘flmxwx‘n USE pea us. . Laundry, Washing: t'Jlothes, ironlng. Scaling Preserves. "' One night, when the French Leâ€" for your Wedded wife. isaloon at the time of the assault re- PARAFFINE gation, the eastern limit of the lines The old man looked lovingly at his? ferred to in the complaint. of defence, was hard pressed, ‘Betsy’ intended and exclaimed: Witnessâ€"I was, sir. was taken over and put into operation Why, sartingly, Mary dear ; now, Lawyerâ€"Did you take cognizance of there. with the result that the at- didn’t I tell ya so the other night?! the barkeeper at the time? tacking Chinese soon scattered in all directions. - “ 0n the memorable night before the relief force arrived when the Chinese THE QUEEN CITY on. 00.. limited. made their most vigorous attack of all, the defenders had in operation ev- ' . n I, Sum'l Razors. Frost" Toronto M egresdwsjrhmflm 34/} [/g’ («I/[46¢ , THE‘MOST usurp-macs- . M/ for W - - 5 ery single gun that could be muster- qr - I, â€"-‘ ’ th "h ' ed Betsy, e Britis Nordenfelt g GRATEFULflooMFORTH‘G' quick-firing gun. brought up by the Marine Guard, the American Colt anuxnavsurran. ll“: ‘- .V'l' quick-firer, the Italian one-pounder, and the Austrian machine-gun. '” Betsy ' was so named after Lady .4... .....‘__ . . k. up m- , ,, f . r, ,2.‘ . . . ,-, -‘ r o owkwman-flm’. 37-42“.- .5 51;; < p, haul-city, , 51v. zâ€"r mus-(luij ““-nmrt.;'jzgazxrfliuWW~â€"-~ Hrs; 2. ~7'..2...i m~=w .-.._..wu_ , ;:s-_z:,_..â€"â€".â€"_..-_-m_._., _. _ .msmw.mwmmnwum in... I. ' V. . V , , _. .. . .- ~~O~¢~m3ywmmmmli » A h V v / . ._._....._.-.-_..-_..-...._.__. _._,