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THE COLBORNE EXPRESS, COLBORNE, ONT., THURSDAY, MAY 19, 1921. The White Grub in Eastern Canada-Methods of Control. The Dominion Entomologist reports that from information gathered, particularly by Mr. H. F. Hudson of the Entomological Laboratory, Strathroy, Ont., it is expected that injury by the white grub will be effected this year In Eastern Canada. This important insect has been receiving much attention during recent years. The complete life cycle of the insect requires from three to four years. In association with studies on the life-history of the common kinds of white grubs, close observations have been made on the crop rotations followed on farms where the grubs have been decidedly injurious, and also on farms where little or no injury has occurred. As the insect spends the greater part of its life in the soil, where it is not possible to treat the pest, it has been found that almost complete control can be obtained by following a short crop rotation in which grass or clover i mixture of the same shall not Here's Father's Chance to Do Mother a Mighty Good Torn By F. W. Ives It v ining. The mud v 73 Adelaide St. West, Toronto. and thg roadg ^ up ga> whft- iceived meat eggs, milk, -and. the top of the ridge was reached, the deep tion of the water passing through the pipe. The cost of installing a pitch greens respectively, and the mortal- radiator of my car had boiled dry. ^ ities were 26 18 28 and 24, while the dim light through the misty dusk average gain per bird was 3.32, 3.44, | showed a farmhouse. I walked up to 2 79 and 2 81 ounces. These figures the door, where my knock was answer-dearly demonstrate the value of eggs; ed by a bent old woman who gave me one of the first ingredients of food for young chicks. Topics in Season. To exterminate thistles, mow them when in bloom. A barrel which has had kraut 1 two pails and said: "Ycu will find the path to the spring around in back." Now, that path wound down into a ravine about 80 feet below the house. The spring was fully 100 yards from ■ the back door. When the top I reached, I was in about the same l it; dition as the car--wet, muddy and be cleaned with salt. Rub dry. hot. I was also filled with wonder S on the inside of the barrel, leave j to why it was necessary to carry i while and then wash it off. Or j much water up hill when so much fill the barrel with salt brine and leave it in a day or two. To treat binder twine so that grasshoppers and crickets will not cut it, dip the twine in a mixture of three parts of kerosene and one part of machine oil Kerosene alone will do, but twine thus treated will be likely to catch and break when running falling on the roofs of the buildings. The old woman said she had lived there fifty years, that she had made at least three trips to the spring each day, that she always took two buckets, and' that on washdays more trips were made. The spring offered opportunity for " a hydraulic ram and a plentiful sup-ply of water. Likewise, there was the „j best silo, for any silo, barn with & drive on a knoll a occupy the land for more than two, rightly made ig good. But the moath; h€r than ^ m of the years, and preferably not more than; t,xpens.ive silo, poorly constructed, is ^> What a fire ol- (Hie. In infested fields where grabs] worge than none. are present measuring from one-half, j made a toy windmill, placed it on to one inch in length the following'a poie> set jt m the garden with the crop rotation has been found to give' pcie about a foot deep. The vibrations almost complete control:-- j and noise keep the moles out. First year: plant the infested field Never set young plants immediately to oats and seed to clover. Second year: clover hay crop. Plow under the clover- sod in the spring of the third year, and plant the land to corn or potatoes. Fourth year: plant the land to oats and re-seed to clover. From the above rotation it is seen that the hay crop only occupies thej^ ^ cauge_ ^ diseMe .g carried land onejear^and^ttat with jvery, down ^ brand)es to the tree by the [ sap. Hence, the way .to check trouble "s to cut out the pump complete should not exceed $15 in addition to the cost of the sink. The Gravity Tank. Another successful scheme is to mount a tank just above the sink. This tank, with a capacity of from SO to 50 gallons, is pumped full by the men in the morning, and will hold, enough for ordinary household purposes for one day. A force pump is usually-necessary for this sort of work. On one farm the pumping is done by a windmill each morning as the stock ' tank is being filled, there being a three-way valve installed at the pump. When turned in one direction, the water fills the house tank, and when turned in another direction the water goes to the stock tank. This is merely a modification of the gravity tank as sometimes placed in- the attic. Its good feature is that of being inex-•pensive. It has the disadvantage of taking up valuable space in a small kitchen; also, if the water is used for drinking, it will get quite warm before the day is over. An insulating jacket will help to keep the water cool. The gravity tank has many applications. It may be located on a tower, in the attic or upper storey of the tern! Plenty of water from the roof house or &n outouilding, on a hiH in none than supply all the needs with (the bank approaeh to the barn> or on pumping. . , any other convenient elevation wifhin hed home that evening, \ reasonable distar,ce of both the sup--- showed the follow- , and the house The jt t£mk THE SUNDAY SCHOOL MAY 22. The Christian View of the Family. St. Luke 10: 38-42; 2: 51; 2 Tim. 3: 14, 15. Golden Text-Col. 3: 20, 21. in His infancy, and His own early, wise, and thoughtful words. The bey is described, as growing up in the heme in a fourfold development of healthy and strong and clean young man-ioocl--in intellectual, physical, spiritual, and social character. The verse (2: 52) has been rightly taken as setting forth normal and healthy growth. It suggests the need in every community and in ev^ry home of a fourfold training, a four-sided education, which wEl take acc/unt of all the needs of a boy or girl. It sug- gests that s I and physical train- When I some calculation ing facts: In carrying the water from I ^ fil, , ■ _nmo__- „„" ap after a heavy rain. The sun will scald; the snlW tllia JnTvl6ar, haa roQ,v«H * ma>,.t>e hlted m numerous ways, de- spring, this woman had walked a ilt them. Wait a few hours. I distance equal 10 that from Monit- For every dollar's worth of honey which bees bring to their owners, it is safe to say that they bring $15 in increased apple crops to the owners of orchards. When tips of shoots on pear trees turn black and leaves wither, blight carried four years two crops of clover are grown. This plan, besides giving practical control, will maintain the land to Vancouver and return, fourth the distance around the world. In doing this, she had ascended and descended a mountain 150 times as high as the highest in the world. She had carried 1,100 tons of water all this distance. All this vast amount of work was useless. A small expenditure of money would have put water in the house with no work on the part of the house- --' ------------ 1 --------- ' wjui no wuijv uu i lie [ hirii state of fertilirv Similar siWe- To Prevent spreading the dis- wife- with average rainfall, 93 tons high state of lertiuty. Similar Msp d;sinfert the tools after each cut; of water cou,ld have been ..I.., :_ . procedure should be followed in break- j . of children, and should be labeled sod should be fall plowed and worked as frequently as possible. I °3 . If pigs are allowed a free run of | ^ cut a Httfe distance below the badly infested pasture land, they wilh diseaged parti arwl burn all portions root out many of the grubs and ma- i rem0ved. terially help to control the pest.! Ashes'or road-dust will kill pear-Domesbic poultry feed readily on! siug,s. The minute dry dust gets on white grubs, and should be encouraged; them, they will start to dry up. to follow the plow as much as pos-j The largest grapes in the world are sible. Black birds, crows and other j grown under glass in England. Grapes Ibirds, as skunks, also feed i the grubs. Best Feeding Rations for Young Chicks. i preliminary step i year, or four times , ~u much as the woman had carried large letters. In cutting | up the hill. The spring was large enough for a water ram to force over 400 tons of water to the kitchen in one year. At the time this incident occurred, a ram, complete with fittings, and a kitchen sink, might have been installed at a cost of $61 for materials. A cistern might have been constructed in the approach to the barn, and connected with a sink, for total cost, including labor, of less than $200. Of course, $200 is quite an expense. But does a farmer hesitate to purchase a binder costing $200" " average farm uses a binder about of the Giant Gros variety often sure between four and five inches around, and clusters weigh twenty or thirty pounds each. I had a neighbor who put a little salt in every hole where she set a cab-tudy bage plant, to keep away the cut-of the nutrition of poultry the Central; worms. I reasoned, "Why not salt! working days each yearT'The average Experimental Farm at Ottawa made, the whole garden ?" The next spring, j binder lasts about a test with twelve pens of forty-two ] before breaking up the garden soil, 11 sons with our careless ways This young chicks last year. These birds: sowed salt about as thick as I would j cistern, if built right, would last jifty were fed for a five-week period, dur- broadcast turnip seed. I have prac-: years. The water will be ing which time the weekly gain initiced this for fifteen years, and have'days every year, weight was carefully noted. The an- not been troubled with cutworms You sav, "The binder nual report of the Farms for that year i since. j in order to' save labor." states that the basal ration in this ( Scattering boric acid on the green-1 Very well, I say, "Why should not experiment consisted of finely ground, house walks the last thing at night j the housewife save labor as well"" pending c local conditions. I have s necessary corn, wheat and oats and finely ground bran, shorts and cornmeal. Pen No. 1 received the basal ration only, the rations in the other pens being supplemented by one or more feeds, e.g., around here always use paper bands greens, eggs, meat, and milk. Pen to protect newly set plants from cut-No. 1, the poorest, lost 31 birds and'worms. It would be quite a lot of the survivors made an average gain; work and useless expense to hold of only 1.67 ounces. Pen No. 9, fed: these bands together with cotton me it, eggs and greens in addition to; string. Here is a way to hold these the basal ration, suffered the lowest bands together. Take tough paper,!. . mortality, namely, 4 birds, or 10 perl long enough to make the band, and;™^l„ cei..., and gained 5.26 ounces per bird;! about six or eight inches wide. Fold' " while in Pen No. 11, which had a I this together lengthwise in the middle, ration similar to No. 9 but had milk shove one end of this into the fold! mgs or water supply- The sink '"th to drink, the mortality was 7 birds,! of the other end about an inch, and!a dram J'ust.long enough to but the gain of 5.87 per cent, was the: there you are. In using, make a little. tnrouSh the slde of the hollse 18 nOT a highest pen average. The relative I trench around the plant with the: s'mk- Nor ls the zlnc-lmed box ™™ \value of these four feeds can be well! finger, so to get the band about an! a hole in the bottom that drains into ' shown by a comparison of the results! inch in the ground. Draw a little i an anclent candy Pal1 a slnk- U 13 when they were fed singly in addition! loose ground around the outside toMust as bad to bave to ciirr^ water to the basal ration. Pens 2, 3, 4, and i hold the band in pit k 1 s many cockroaches that are out 1 When a young man is courting, he to destroy plants growing in the | seldom asks "her" if she is willing to house. j carry 1,100 tons of water up a moun- Fighting the cutworm: The growersj tain 650 miles high for him. There are many ways of getting water into the kitchen that do not cost $200. Some cost more. A Sink is Necessary. In all the methods given in the following discussion, a kitchen sink is A kitchen sink must have drain to take away waste where it will not contaminate the surround-k with j the 3 to have to carry it lethods given have been All of seen these tanks filled by force pump, by hydraulic ram, from a spring located on a hill above the tank, from the roof of the barn or house, and from a flowing well. The possibility of a gravity system should be carefully considered before installing an expensive mechanical water-supply outfit. Where it is possible, the gravity system may not be the cheapest in first cost, but if the water is obtained by gravity or by hydraulic ram the cost of operation is very small. Nor must the windmill be overlooked. Because the wind does not blow every day, many have abandoned the wind power in favor of gasoline or kerosene. With the^prices of these fuels constantly rising higher, the cheap wind power must be seriously considered. The secret of a satisfactory water supply from wind-driven pumps lies in the gravity tank of a capacity large enough to tide over the calm days. Improved windmills, with ball or roller bearings, large oil reservoirs, and scientifically designed Connecting Links--There is a fine description of the good man's home m Psalm 128. It is the home of a man who fears God and walks in His ways, who earns the food of his family by labor, and whose children gather, happy and healthy, about his table, like the branches round about the olive tree. The ideal woman of Old Testament times is described in Prov. 31: 10-31. She is a good wife, a good mother, and a good mistress. She works herself, and wisely guides the work of others. She makes all the work of her household a task of honor, and "in her tongue is the law of kindness." She is the true home maker. St. Luke 10: 38-4.1. A certain village. This, as we know, was Bethany, near Jerusalem, the home of those warm-hearted and oyal friends of Jesus, Lazarus, Ma-tha, and Mary. Martha was, appare:: i Iv, the elder sister, and directed t - affairs of the household. She recived Jesus with, of him we know nothing, but his ready hospitality, aid busied herself i mother was a Jewess, and she into provide entertainment for Him and structed him well in the scriptures of 3£n nd?!Ji1SC!.?-ea 35 W^h! the °-d Testament, which were her SSy h^wTr^ Tas ^moeSi ^ ^ £ ^ about much serving, while her sister.rfVe ^"""^SWBftl ( ) sat idlv at Jesus' fee: We are sorry i of her faith and of that of hls gr<™d-however, that she ost her temper'Imothe"" Lois- Llvm'g in As"a Minor, and spoke so crossly :o her guest. ' th%heathen city of Lystra (Acts But a little reflection will convince!161 V2^< theV had kePt thelr nome us that Jesus read the character of ?u.re'. and their hearts fixed in the the two sisters rightly. Martha was.re'^,r2 r,f their, f.ati.ers- A,ni *»> careful and troubled about manv; ^en Paul preached the gospel there things, so much so that she had not I th?y wer* aTnS *he^.rst, *£ bdjeve. time to think or to learn Jesas was When Pa;l1 wrote tms ,etter from teaching, speaking unforgettable & S0J 111 Rom.e he had know» words, but Martha hsd not time toll™0*' fo,r a *ood many years' listen. There was 8C much to be done regards him as his own son fa for the household a I ner guests. The t.he, -'. - ,and admonishes him with household, cares were to her of first! fatherly sohcitude. In particular he importance. Mary was not usually \ cc"""" neglectful or unmindful of her share .'* ng should be set side by s intellectual and spiritual, and so shows us where, in much of our church and home life we are failing to do the best for our young folk. Tha example of the education of the boy Jesus is a good one to follow. 2 Timothy 3: 14-15. But continue thou. Timothy had had a good start father was a Greek, and of the labor, but ju; wrapped up in what Jesus was saying that she forgot everything else. She put her Master's words first. Other things could wait. And the Lord said to her, "She hath chosen that good part which shall, no: be taken away from her." continue in the read-id study of those holy books ____ he had learned from his child-hex d. For they are indeed able to make wise unto salvation through faith which is in Christ Jesus. Our lessons set forth three things v.hii!: rh.-uld characterize the Christian i.ame (1) thoughtful choice of and attention to the best things, (2) < Is there anything like this home of alI-r<>u"d education for the children, Bethany in the hurt life the pres- '<> a reverent regard for and a ent day? Are we too busy to think,, continued study of the Bible as the to read, and to prav ? Is business the j text-book of our faith, all-important matter to us? Are we! Application, choosing in our homts the better part,' Sometimes a Christian household in as Mary choso, cr a we simply busy,; the midst of a community is as potent bustling, hard-working materialists as a Christian Church. Not long ago like Martha? j we heard a builder say that one un- 2 51-52. He went down with them, desirable family in a neighborhood Jesus lived with His parents in their : could lessen the value of property all ■r----^stfces-and blades take advantage of the lightest breezes. Gravity tanks of all kinds are susceptible to trouble. Freezing in winter is likely to burst the tank, especially one of small dimensions and square shape. In the case of the large tanks or cisterns for storing water over long periods, carelessness in closing fauces* may result, in the loss of the entire supply. This may be remedied by the use of good self-closing cocks. Freezing may be taken care of by careful packing of pipes and other exposed surfaces. A tower tank, as usually erected, is not very ornamental, and a tank in a building or built into a bank is likely to be more satisfactory. The attic tank should always be set in a metal pan provided With a dram. Leaks, condensation, or breaks from freezing will then be taken care of automatically. All tanks should be provided with an overflow a size larger than the inlet pipe. The amount of water that may be collected from a roof will depend upon the annual rainfall, the size of the roof, and the ability of the spouting and gutters zo handle the maximum Nazareth home. He was subjeet t. them. . That is to say. He was a loyil] and obedient son, tsking His part and j" share in all the life of the home, work-1 ing and learning His trade at the j w around. On the other hand there a 1-u.seholds which give dignity and ■spectability to the whole neighborhood. In an Ontario village where we . visiting not long ago, one house carpenter's bench, helping',' after the! was pointed out to us by a resident, death of Joseph, in the bringing up! who said, "The family living in that of His younger brothers and sisters.! house has done more for this village And with Him constantly was the | than we shall ever be able to estimate, mother's watchful arid loving care, Father, mother, and all of the five while she treasured in her heart the children are Christians, and in every things which had been said about Him good cause they can be counted on." fall. Calculating Cistern's Capacity. The mean annual rainfall in Ontario, for example, is very close to 35 inches. Of this, it is reasonable to expect that 25 inches may be conducted into a cistern. The loss of Dairymen buy milking machines for one of three reasons, or for all three reasons. First, because they realise a milker will save them labor if they do the milking themselves, or labor hire if they have many hands. Second, the milking machine saves time. Third, a first-class milking machine milks the same way every day, and the treatment which the cows receive is not dependent upon the whim or humor of a hired man. The three motives, in short, are time .saved, labor saved, and the good effect on cows, or increased milk production. j ing ^ a good mi]king In my particular case, all three of I actually pay for itself ™ these items were duly considered, and ' I made up my mind that it would be economy for me to buy a milking machine that would accomplish for me those three things. At that time I was milking only ten cows, but with the intention of increasing my herd, Which I have since done. I bought one of the best milkers and do not hesitate in saying it is everything the manufacturers said it The calendar should ..would be. I have been using it twice; month of Will as well a day now for the past nine months,; May. and it has always given me complete' - satisfaction. The cows really seem to There was once a m like it, and while I have not kept re- j drive down cords, and have added ___farms long enough to tell 11° inches comes through small show-fore installing the milker are now j their good and bad points. Most of j ers that barely wet the roof, from giving more milk than they did when them may be seen in any community, j moisture absorbed by the roofing ma-I milked them by hand. ! The cheapest and simplest method i terial, from evaporation, snow blown It used to take an hour and a half; of securing a kitchen water supply is j from the roof, and overflow of gutters to milk ten cows, whereas I now milk! that of placing a rain-water barrel on ] in heavy showers, fourteen in about one hour. I have; brackets under the eaves at a height] To find the amount of water that not had a case of teat or udder trouble! that will allow the water to flow from | may be collected'from a given roof in since putting in the milker. The a tap" into the sink. The total cost; Ontario, we would first measure the milker is easy to clean and keep sani-! of such an installation need not exceed ground area of the structure. This tary. Its upkeep has been nothing'$5. A kerosene barrel, a short length i area multiplied by the total rainfall with the exception of a few rubber! of one-half-inch pipe fitted to the i will give the volume of water. Thus, teat-cup liners, which expense is not barrel with lock nuts and gaskets, an' a building £0x40 feet has an area of worth mentioning. I follow the op- j ordinary bibb or faucet, and a few j 1,200 square feet. Multiply this by erating instructions to the letter and [ pieces of scantling may constitute the! the equivalent cf 25 inches, or 2 feet, find that it pays. ) materials. and we find a volume of 2,400 cubic Nine months' experience with me- To double the capacity, use two bar-j feet, cr 20,000 gallons. Now, if we chanical miiking has made me such a I rels, connecting them with a piece of; are using water constantly, it will not saving that I believe I am safe in say- pipe at the bottom. A screen over the be necessary to make the cistern to i enough to supply the needs of the family, the following scheme has been used: A basin about 40 feet square was made in the top of a rise above the level of the tank. The basin was paved with concrete reinforced with fencing, and sloped to a central drain provided with a trap to prevent entrance of trash. The water was conducted through a filter to the tank located farther down the slope, and from there was piped to the house. This supply nets about 30,000 gallons each year. The land upon which it was built was practically valueless for any other purpose. The hydraulic ram is a possibility where a spring has a flow of three gallons or more per minute. A watch with a second hand, a vessel of known capacity, and a small dam to flow the water into the vessel are all that are needed to determine the flow. There must also be an opportunity to get a! fall of three feet or more below the spring for the operation of the ram.: Roughly speaking, the ram will ele-! vate the water about ten times as high as the available working head or fall, | and will pump about one-seventh of; the water furnished it. The hydraulic ; ram is not a perpetual-motion ma-! chine, but it is a faithful servant. I j have known a ram that operated for j ten years without stopping, except I when the spring failed in an extreme-1 Of the mechanically driven water supply systems there are many. A great degree of perfection has been reached by a considerable number of these systems. into the milk as the calf begins to suck the fingers. The calf in this way gets a taste of the milk and often starts to drink without further trouble. If not, the process must be repeated. But sometimes the calf refuses, and force must be resorted to. The feeder, facing the same direction as the calf, straddles its neck and backs the calf into a corner. The pail of milk should be held in one hand and the nose of the calf should be grasped with the other. Place two fingers in the calf's mouth. The calf's nose is then forced into the milk. finally walk A good joke must have a good point, but it should never be aimed at any one in particular. American Fence Perfect galvanizing. Big wires. Full size rolls. A mechanically hinged joint. Backed by 21 years of quality fence building. year. And if I had to go back to the old method of hand milking, I feel pretty sure that dairying would soon lose its attractiveness to me. To forget wrong is the best revenge. top will exclude dirt and leaves, and prevent the breeding of mosquitoes. The objection to this scheme is that it works only when the rains come at fairly regular intervals. It is also useless in winter. But it is good whf hold the full amount. An 8,000-gal3on cistern will hold the water from one wet season to another in Ontario. The easier water is obtained the more it will be used, and that is ex-...^ actly what we wish to lead to. In the orks, and is far better than carry- [ average family where the water is ing all the" water. j carried, the daily consumption may be The pitcher pump at one end of the i as low as two gallons for each person, sink has the virtue of getting water j With an unlimited supply, this quan-into the house without carrying, al- j tity will be as high as 60 to 80 gal-though it does take a little effort to j Ions. This water work the handle. more frequent ba my herd from time to ti convinced that the c e, I contain i month ofj The pitcher J type, hence water ~may be drawn toiki " 1; nee a man who had to! Neither will it work satisfactorily if' water suj , y, as th stake to tell where he the cistern or well is located more a basis of 40 galh to; left off weeding the onion row. How- than 50 feet horizontally from the each grown person i be used for for better nking, and be safe to firm-! ever, after he got a farm of hi I had be-1 that sort of iuing came to a end. pump. The above limitations are due the family to the force of gravity and the fric-l Whet the Teaching a Calf to Drink. A calf that is weaned from its other should be kept without food for at least twelve hours, at the end of which time it will be hungry and will usually drink milk from a pail much more readily than when not hungry. Warm, fresh milk from the mother should be put into a clean pail and held near the floor, in front of the calf, which .will generally start to nose about the pail. Place one or two fingers in the calf's mouth, and draw the hand down HIDES-W00LFURS] WILLIAM STONE SONS LIMITED WOODSTOCK. ONTARIO ESTABLISHED I87Q TO SEE THIS FENCE Made by . The Canadian Steel & Wire Co. Limited HAMILTON, ONT.