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mm Emduced Liquid industrial waste sites Ry ST EIIIE HOLLS Of The Examiner study on ltqurd industrial waste disposal lists 24 optittrum disposal sites north of Toronto Twenty of those sites he within 30 km radius of ltattte The study prepared for Ontarios environ ment ministry examines the scope of the problem of haarrlotis and liquid industrial wastes itr Ontario and it recommends regions of the province where sites for sysliiiiattt treatirrent and disposal should be sought Envtroiitirirtt officials are faced with disposing of 80 million gallons yearof waste oils paint sludges acids caustics solvents containing lt lts arid other inorganic wastes The problem is itrittiense And it grows each year says the report Although many of these residuals lwaslisi can be treated and disposed in tradir lional solid waste managetitcnt facilities there has been an increasing quantity that can be termed lialardotts ipotcntially Ilétrlll ftil lo the public healthi which require concentrated close to Barrie Comngwood db avoided MIMIMUM AREAS All factors optimized except Soil Capabilitity tor Agriculture where only Class land Solis are segregation from the main stream and separate treatment and disposal says the report These wastes have been estimated at about 10 per cent of all residential commer cial and industrial wastes generated in Canada and the United States When no adequate segregation and treat ment systetn is available or where the costs of such systems are substantial the study warns indiscriminate and clandestine disposal through midnight dumpers and gypsy haulers is liable to take place thereby creating an immediate threat to the public health and adverse impacts on the naturalenvironment STARTED PROGRAM In 1970 the Ontario government started program where liquid industrial wastes were collected and disposed through agreements between the manufacturers of the wastes and disposal companies This system was not sufficient to dispose of all the wastes says the study As result inefficiency and poor prac iiiissosmttr This map illustrates potential industrial and hazardous waste disposal sites north of Toronto Planning consultants have pinpointed 2O optimum sites within 50 km of Barrie None were indicated within 20 km radius of Metropolitan Toronto where most of the Central Ontario wastes originate Natural gas in Scare of oil shortagepeople switch Ry llElS VTIIIER Of The Etimiiicr illi the first major snowfall of the year hitting the Barrie area Wednesday thoughts of Ratrtc ttltlitlls arc turning to warmth and heating Thoughts of nattiral gas heating as ati alter native to tlic traditional oil hcattiig method have apparently crossed the minds of many titl the past year Jlltl lagan general manager of the central region for onsiitticrs Gas told The 1j amiticr his company has felt 100 per cent increase overall iii thc iitiiiibcr of persons ttll ciling to natural gas In Harrie and the surrounding Gmrgtan Ray areas the percentage is cit greater he Sttltl From October 1977 to Septcttibcr 1975 there were ltxi conversions iii the Georgian Ray district lagan said Rut bctwtcn October 1978 and Septcitibcr 197 that figure had ballootml to kit coiivci stotis Oll SIIURIMIE The continuing question of oil supply would have good deal to do with the incnasmg number of conversions lagan said So niticli has been said about possible oil shorr tagc iii the coming year Fagan said In addition there is is per cent variance iii the price of natural gas which is cheaper than otl he said The average consumer at the door though would not see one system as being more dcpctidablc than another Fagan said The oil companies traditionally give good scrv icc he said In spite of it all the company is able to halt die the increased workload but there is short delay iii persons tuning to convert to the natural gas setup he said Chris Spams with the city of Ramos btiilditig department said it is difficult to pin down the number of new units being outfitted with natural gas outlets lany initial applications will have one form of heat trig attached btit developers may later change their minds he said Spams said he would estimate to per cent of new buildings would be heated by natural gas ONVERTEI IIIS SYSTEM Spams said he himscll has Converted because natural gas is cheaper He also said tices still continue matter of particular concern at this time is the practice of disposing substantial quantities of untreated liquid industrial wastes into sanitary landfill sites and the associated threat of soil and groundwater pollution Last fall Environment Minister Harry Parrott proposed program to deal with in dustrial wastes The study part of that program describes comprehensive waste management plan now being prepared The ministry began in 1976 waybill system to keep records of liquid wastes haul ed by licenced carriers Ministry officials estimate 10 to 20 per cent of the hauled wastes may be hazardous The study estimates total industrial wastes in Ontario will soon total 80 million gallons year or about 400000 tonnes Environment officials suggest the waste quantities break down as follows Lean organic mixtures 40 per cent or 160000 tonnes containing mostly oil and water Nonhalogenated organics 30 per cent or 120000 tonnes waste oils piant sludges Spent caustics and other alkalis 17 per cent or 68000 tonnes Spent acids per cent or 48000 tonnes Halogenated solvents and less than per cent compounds containing PCBs Miscellaneous inorganics less than per cent Most of Ontarios hazardous and liquid in dustrial wastes are currently treated or disposed of by one or more of the following methods controlled discharge to municipal sewage systems OCOdisposal with solid wastes in sanitary landfills Oproduct recovery with incineration of the residue Oexport to facilities in United States incineration of organics at the Tricil Ltd plant near Corunna Ochemical fixation in Hamilton by Frontenace Chemicals Ltd Oillegal dumping but it is believed that this quantity is limited COSTS VARY Costs for these services vary greatly says the report but most are about four to 10 cents litre or 18 to 50 cents gallon Ontario environment officials are concern ed about groundwater pollution resulting from disposal of untreated hazardous wastes in sanitary landfill sites The study also says there is no guarantee that the US border will remain open so far as receiving wastes from Ontario There are no commercial incinerators in Canada or the US approved for destroying halogenated organic wastes such as PCBs Private industry has not developed disposal facilities for inorganics says the report The study recommends the ministry select and acquire site for treating and disposing liquid industrial and hazardous wastes The site should have minimum area of 250 hectares 600 acrest and should be lnue or Category Factor Acceptable Social Urban or Cultural Densely Pop Areas Recreational Conservation Areas Agricultural Lands the possibility of an oil shortage was factor It his decision There are no figures available on persons converting in HarTic though because residents dont have to apply through the City when converting to natural gas he said John Kacmar Debra Crescent resident has been living iii Harrie for 10 years and decided recently to convert to the natural gas setup He switched for number of reasons he said including the uncertainty of Canadas position in the otl Slluttllon He was led to believe natural gas setup was cleaner than oil and that factor has pro ven to be true he said He wanted to convert basement space into art office setup and the natural gas unit does not take up as much space he said Gulf Oil official who asked his name not be Used said he has not been notified by the company about any otl shortages for this winter He said Oll prices have gone up cori stdcrably but that is the case for all ty pes of energv he said There has not been significant drop in business despite the natural gas situation the spokesman said Sample of criteria used to pick liquid waste sites CRITERIA FOR SELECTING CANDIDATE RIGIONS Suitability for Siting Avoid Canada Areas Land Inventory Class 234 selected so as to eventually if need be ac commodate incineration by rotary kiln of organic wastes physicalchemical treat ment chemical fixation and the provision of secure landfill having 20year life for the burial of residues and nontreatable hazar dous wastes Selection of site should ensure that toxic wastes cannot leak or enter the surrounding environment says the study Workmen should be adequately protected from potential adverse effects In choosing site govemment officials might consider social and cultural issues earth sciences hydrology meterology air quality and ecology suggests the report From an analysis of results from the ministrys waybill system it was determin ed that the majority of the liquid industrial wastes generated in Ontario originate in the area bounded by Oshawa on the east Georgian Bay on the north and Windsor Samia on the west TRANSPORT COSTS To establish waste treatment sites outside this section at the province would create uni ue environmental and social risks to istricts of the province which have no in terest or need for the service and at con siderable additional transportation cost to those requiring the service James MacLaren Ltd the consultants who prepared the report used the criteria shown in the chart below to select potential waste disposal areas marked on the ac companying map At the suggestion of Environment Canada officials the governmentowned lands of Camp Borden have been shown as can didate region in recognition of the advantages which that site offers proximity to Highway 400 and two railway lines isolated from ur ban areas proximity to many waste generators etc says the report It should be made clear however that this location fails to meet certain criteria related to earth sciences The MacLaren report also recommends the ministry continue to support federal provincial task force attempting to define hazardous chemicals It should also support Durham Region in its efforts to establish treatment facilities in Ajax private groups interested in solving waste problems and the Canadian Waste Materials Exchange established by Environ ment Canada The report recommends the ministry work with Tricil Ltd to investigate the possibility of expanding its Lambton County incinerator to destroy PCBs Environment officials should establish col lection depots or tank farms where liquid industrial and hazardous wastes could be stored for shipment to central treat mentdisposal facilities Depots should be established to serve Northern Ontario Sault Ste Matie Sudbury Timmins North Bay area and one for Eastern Ontario Ottawa Kingston Peterborough MacLarens report suggests the ministry talk to salt mine companies in the Windsor Goderich area to discuss storing relatively stable and largely innocuous wastes in remote parts of their mines Ian Gray of Barries environment ministry office says the report is very preliminary The study is not expected to be completed un til the mid19805 Unacceptable Comments Closer than km Further from to Builtup Populated Area Area the Better the Site Areas Designated Condition Set or Established as Above as Parks or Open Space Use of Class l2 Class and Lands Lands Critical heating metho The Kacmar family home Debra Cres has changed from oil heating to natural gas Examiner Photo 44ég wfi the examiner Thursday Nov 29 1979 Lloyd Cook has seen enough abuse to animals in his days as trapper The 63yearold is an advocate of humane trapping methods Examiner Photo Trapper worries By LORI COHEN Of The Examiner If he saw you inflict even the tiniest bit of pain on an animal Lloyd Cook would be the first to charge you with abuse When the ministry of natural resources finds wounded animal in the area its often brought to Cook for doctoring known as he is for his gentleness toward all wildlife And when you see Cook sitting in the kit chen of his Sanford Street home with his pet beaver Joey on his lap you know how he feels about animals Yet Cooks main interest in life is trapp ing and skinning of fur bearing animals and the marketing of their pelts trapper for 50 of his 63 years president of the Canadian Trappers Federation for the past six years and the Ontario Trappers Association for the past 16 the Barrie tan ner has no qualms about killing beaver muskrat mink otter and anything else he can harvest but it has to be done properly That means as painlessly as possible Cook says 95 per cent of fur bearing animals are killed within five to 10 minutes after trapping with the exception of fox coyotes and wolves in the early part of the season Thats because these animals can only be trapped in leg hold But even then when properly used leg hold is like handcuff and inflicts no pain Cook claims he can stick his bare hand in one and come away without scratch And the idea of animals being left for long periods in the trap is ridiculous he says since traps must by regulation be checked every 24 hours FEEI FOR ANIMALS Everyone whos trapper must feel for animals he says Have you ever met trapper who wasnt gentle person he asks He describes other trapping methods like snares with locks that cut off the animals blood to the brain sometimes within 30 seconds and the conbear trap with mechanism that strikes the animal on the back of the skull rendering it unconscious almost immediately Fur marketing in the province has always been important and is now milliondollar business Because the majority of pelts in Ontario are marketed through the TA Cook is heavily involved in inspection and knows instantly in an animal wasnt killed as humanely as possible If thats the case hes after the trapper to find out whats go ing on There are now 16000 trappers in Ontario and between 75000 and 85000 in the coun try In Simcoe County the inudstry is worth about $4500000 with trappers harvesting mainly beaver muskrat mink racoon and red fox in almost all areas Cook noted the Minesing Swamp is rich in wildlife There are two types of trappers in the pro Vince resident trappers who are allotted the equivalent of one township to work tn and those with trap line specific section of crown land north of the Severn River The image of trapper as confirmed bachelor who lives like hermit bathing once year when he falls through the ice is inaccurate to say the least says ook Trappers are family men and women many of whom have traded runofthemill factory jobs for life outdoors The average trapper earns about 82000 and fulltime trappers in the north earn bet ween 96000 and 88000 annually not bad salary for the area Cook claims As prestdent of both associations one of his aims is to raise trappers standard of hi ing and to do this an orderly marketing system is vital Faced with criticism from groups who condemn the killing of animals for their fur as unnecessary Cook is undauntcd Although these groups may mean well they are illformed Cook says and dont realize that conservation involves certain amount of trapping each vear about animal abuse You cant stockpile it he explains you must manage it HARVESTING NEEDED He says people who dont believe in killing forget that nothing dies of old age til the forest it either starves to death dies of disease or by predator And in order to maintain healthy animal populations cer tain amount of harvesting is crucial Take the beaver poptilation In 1940 there were 18 beaver colonies in 100 square mile area iii the Parry Sound district Trapping was outlawed in order to allow the papilla tion to grow and spread otit In 1959 there were 257 colonies atid by 1960 there were 154 Cook says trappers underestimated the reproduction rate and waited too long before trapping resulting iii critical overpopulation Hy instituting quota of two then three beavers per colony and in some areas eliminating every other colony the number was brought down to 223 Hut Cook says there are still too many and were iii position where we could lose all our beaver The reason beaver overcrowding cart cause lulameria deadly virus that lives in the water and is easily transferable to other aquatic life and to humans Willi at least one million beaver colonies in Ontario and only 148000 harvested last year trap pers must continue to harvest the animals to help fight the spread of disease So critical is the overpopulation trap per can lose his trap line if he doesnt harvest 75 per cent of his beaver qtiota sug gested by his local conservation officer Because most beavers are territorial by nature no harvesting can bring art animal population down to dangerously two levels Cook recalls trap line he had where the former owner said there were only two of ter Cook discovered two old ones that no longer produceing that were keeping other younger ones away so by harvesting the two the population began to increase By the same token he says the best thing that could happen to some of ottr parks is to take some of the older deer and make room for young breeding stock You either harvest or you dont have he says matteroffactly Cook laughs at Metropolitan Torontos ban on trapping racootis whose population in the city is estimated at 40000 He says very shortly they will get distemper as result of overcrowded conditions and spread the ailment to the cal and dog population WORK TOGETHER Cook wants biologists wildlife managers and trappers to work hand in hand to achieve properly managed forests As the human population needs management to eliminate starvation and overpopulation in many areas so does the animal world he says Cook sancestors have been trapping in Ontario since 1812 and although it was never economically feasiable to Cook to become fulltime trapper he takes off to his sixmile trap line near Severn Falls tthe smallest one in the province he claimsr whenever possible Trapping is only part of his pleasure its his love of the outdoors that lures him year after year Throughout his life the wildlife popula tion has been mayor concern When he was years old Cook bought himself an area the equtvalent of three town loLs by stream in Barrie Just so muskraLs could reproduce Lnttl he suffered heart attack in June Cook was out almost every night speaking to various groups on the importance of management and humane trapping Every summer he heads off to summer camp to teach children about animals and their habitat He tells them if it wasnt for harmony bet ween the trappers biologists and managers he wouldnt have Joey to share his bathtub We want them there forever s$az