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see in the ltlcditerranean and in jTWéntkaieofS Costly Dieppe said did in cosmetics in the costly beaches and loaded into lend Royal Canadian Medical Dieppe raid of 1942 had to be brought back to the Twenty years after the 1m chppe raid still is most controversial chapter In Canadas war history Boss Munro CP war corre spondent at Dieppo now publisher of the Winnipeg Tribune recalls the costly operation and reviews the controversy in this absorb ing article Written for The Canadian Press By RUSS lilUNllO It was the cruclcst costliest day of long war for Canada Aug iii 1942 when units of the 1nd Division raided Dtcppc Now 20 years later it remains the most controversial and owe some Canadian operation of the conflict Nearly 5000 men crossed the Channel and 3369 werezkilled wounded or cap tured Only few objectives vereireached only meagre part of the plan carried out it is condemned by some as catastrophic blunder in plan ning and execution The day it self was indeed disaster Yet it is seen by far more despite its failures as on ossentlal re connaissance in force that set the stage for overwhelmingly successful landings from the Normandy After Dieppe was with the Canadians for the assaults on Sicily Italy and Normandy probably the only one who saw oli thcse oparotionHmi Wii nessed firsthand the bloody lessons of Dleppe fully applied with spectacular success from Pachino to Beggio to Bernicres surhicr STRATEGY REVISED The Dicppc raid proved above all that these see borne at tacks had to be supported by tremendous firepower from sea and airnot just the six small destroyers end some fighter bomber squadrons we had on that hot summer day so long ago It proved that reliance could not be placed on surprise landing of large force out of the night to too much could are gationsand planning It proved also that frontal attackon fortified port is suicide and thiswas never attempted again Allied assault strategy was completely changed for later landings ing craft in preparation for the raid at set the The plan Itself was too ela horote and inflcxiblc There were too many headquarters in volved in the planning Some of the senior British officers were very noncommunicntivc with senior Canadian officers Per sonalities played jarring part The job in effect called for the Canadians in un eighthour period to capture the defended town of Dicppc with its narrow winding streets form perim ctcr defence beyond the town while the engineers carried out whole series of major dcmo liiions ranging from destruc tion of the main railway lino to blowing up bridges and build ings and torpedo storage in the headland by the harbor PLAN IAIPRACTICAL German divisional heed ouartcrs was to be captured five miles inland tThe HQ un bcknown to British intelligence had moved farther east in April The sirdromo barges in the harbor were to be hauled back to England Onpaper the plan looked plausible But in the reality of battle against an enemy that was stronger numerically than expected it was impractical in such detail Yet to this day most of the senior officers involved in the raid believe it was worthwhile that it had decisive payoff in later operations that brought victory Tbe eommander ninthorfarceg MajGen 11 Roberts wrote me from retirement in Jersey Channel Islands consider Dicppe was well worthwhile as we learned lot about what not to do Our later successful landings in North Africa Italy etc could hardly have been carried outwithout it Had we been allowed to have two old battleships or cruisers Dieppe might have been very different story RAID POSTPONED ive cen ilacliio Dieppa sev eral times In recent years and French citizens who were there in 1942 tell me the Germans were not on any special alert Ping The whole business oi setting up the raid goingthrough two major lending practices on the English south coast in what we called Practice Dieppe npd then cancelling it only to revive Candida To Attend DieppeCesemonie LONDON CF Several hundred Canadians are ex pected to attend ceremonies at Dieppe Aug 1a and 19 to com mumoreie Canadas major role in the Second World War raid onthe French seaport Veterans Minister Churehi officially pref sent the government and people of Canada attire ceremonies re calling the raid 10 years ago in which the Allies suffered 4000 casualties mole than three quarters of themcanadian Canadian officials here said Dieppo authorities are handling arrangements and some details havenot yet been completed Others coming from Canada include Brig Bollard hfehardfi who took part in the raid and Rev John Foote former mem ber of the Ontario gislature who won the Victori Cross at opp More than 200vetcrans accompanied by their wives are expected to attend from various parts ot Canada The lcstIeveat Aug in will be batching of amcmortal to members Les Fusiliers ggnnri Royal Brig nards unit in the battle which In tcrnis of lives ion was one of the tiniest and cos trust single operations of the war PLAN BERVIC At sunset retreat will be sounded and Interihere Will be ceremony at the Canadian memorial Next day there will be Roman Catholic and Protes tant services and on official luncheon at the casino is expected woman guard of honor from the Cana dian Brigade stationed in manvapdpthe hCAF band sta tioned at Marveilie France will take part in the various ceremonies Simiiar events are planned for the nearby seaside commu nities oiFuits eastof Dicppe Corps go through evacuation it six weeks later was highly risky But pressure from the hard pressed Russians for show of strength in the west and the need for assault lead ing experience for the North African landings in the fall plus the provision of ruse for that operation apparently dictated the decision to 19 For the real raid the troops were rushed to Southampton and the other ports of debnrkn tian on sudden notice went aboard ship and sailed that night Back in July there was special feeling of exhilaration in the force and complete con fidence that they could pull it off In fact likely casualties were estimatcdat only 500 But when we sailed from tho anchorage off Cowes and South ampton on that gentlest of Au gust evenings sensed on ap prehension among many of my friends Without saying it they felt there was something strange about cancelled op erotion being put on again with only few changes in plan They were worried whether se fillixdiy had been broken since ItIET GERMAN CONVOY Through the quiet soft night the flotilla pounded towards France Ten miles from the coast we transferred from the larger ships to the small assault landing craft The sea was silky smooth slightmistgthnng over the were was with the 110th Begi meut from Toronto heading for narrow beach at Potts to the cast of Dieppe We had gone three or four miles in the small craft when by sheer accident coastal convoyescortedby eral German gunboats For five minutes perhaps longer there was fire battle with tracer raking the night Then one of up and the fight subsided But we were off course and our timetable delayed This interception along with one with British commando unit farther cast that was bro ken pgavewheietemrms opinion that the Dieppe de fenders were warned by the gunfight This has nevcrbeen proved But it did slow us up and this was total to the Roy als attack As we approached the French coast the first lights of dawn were showing and still so member sswopassed near the long pier at the mouth oi Di eppe harbor that thercd navi gation light was onhnrdiy an lndiea ion that the enemy was Matting antheleghea stage it on Aug we ran into small German our destroyer escorts loomed go this practice on British beach Photo hlclovy acrld smoke hung over The first wave of Royals hit the bench at Iuits too late It was nearly daylight and the de tenders on the cliffs beside the gulchleoding to the headland were behind their grins It was massacre In the four years followed the Canes dians on their campaigns never saw carnage such as that of Falls The Royals did every thing men conid to get over the scowoh and up the stone but the enemy guns were right on top of them Only complete surprise in the lending could have carried the day at Putts Only 50 or 60mcn from the battalion got backvto England that day On the main beach the Essex Scottish and the BHLIlanded fairly well onschedulc behind the naval and air bombard ment such as it was Brit the Calgary tank regiment which was supposed to sup art the in fantry in an immc ian attack over tlie esplanudo into the towndldnt arrive until 10 min utes later PINNED 0N BEACH The infantry couldnt make it inrlnrgo numbers on their own and the majority were pinned down along the seawall about 100 yards from thosen Here they were hammered all morn ing long by German weapons on thecllffs at both ends of the beach and from artillery and behind the town Some parties of Canadians did break into the town and there is plaque beside church several blocks from the espla nade marking the place where several of our soldiers died The main attack however was stallcdontho beachiby the sen wail It was practically impossible to know what really was going on GenRobcrts on his head quarters destroyer lying off shore was in the dark too much of the time with radio networks knocked out and wild confusion of battle on the beaches To thewost the best success mommy rnnnsu Mourns AL CF new have changed lot since the middle ages even for saints late Brother Andre humble lay brother whom many In One 419 and elsewhere regard or Ian adulation of Brother Andre who became famous in his life time fer his help to the poor oadafiitcted the Roman Cath olic Church heryct to be con vinced his works were indeed than at saint long after his death Jon 1937 the formal investigation of the matterofficially known as Brother Andres cause in Montreal There was time roughly from the third century to tho itih when popular veneration and bishops approval were enough to moire saint litany were made and the church eventually decided the practice was getting out of hand POPES DECISION FINAL By tradition since about 1000 andby church law since lent the right of canonization has been reserved to the Pope Be fore the Popaaes however there must be twostage local investigation of every possible detail of the candidates life it the candidate comes through this his cause is heard by the Sacred Congregation of Rites in Rome which mny recommend that he ho given the title blessed person called blessed may be venerated publicly to limited part of the Catholic world it would probably be North America in Brother An dres casebut it can still be long way to sainthood Before canonization can he recom mended to the Pope two min aclcs attributable to tileeondh dates inicrce sion after his beuiliicutlon must be proven and verified the highest tri bunal of the urch Brother Andres cause now is at the second local staan apostolic tribunal convened by PoulEmile Cardinal Leger in April and expected to sit for two years REVIEWS TESTIMONY The first stage was adlocc son tribunal authorized by the late Archbishop Joseph Char bonnenu of Montreal in 1040 It sat until 1051 heard to witnes ses and collected 1064 type written pages of testimony all of which must be reviewed by the apostolic tribunal Tire difference between the two tribunals is essentially this The diocesan tribunal sim plyhad to verify that people thought Brother Andre was man of heroic virtue The apos tolic tribunal has to determine as for as it is humanly pos slblethatBrotherAndre was in fact such man The whole business would probably make little sense to Brother Andre born Alfred Bessette an unsophisti cated man whodisclaimed any special power or ViltitE He re garded himself so witnesses told the diocesan tribunal as simple instrument of God and if any credit was being handed out for intercession with the Al mighty he wanted it given to his patron St Joseph the humble carpenter of Nazareth sons banner According to testimony ex traordinary things began to happen after Brother Andre Despite widespread unofficial is following its slow painstak ring course before church courts Aceseinpointlslhatoitbl BROTHER The college horror Brother Alderlc was sufferingfrom running sore in his leg and Brother Andre suggested that he seek the intercession of St Joseph On St Josephs feast day March 10 Brother Alderlc noticed that the sore was healed On another occasion it was reported Brother Andre told child bedridden with fever to go out and play The college physician wusiivid when he heard about this and called the child back in tie is not sick said Brother Andre examine him The doctor did three times In the next 24 hours and then said the child was com pletely cured but he could not explain how Word of such things spread around the city and persons sui terlng from all kinds of trouble physicai and spiritualbegan coming to Notre Dame to see Brother Andre Soon they were coming In droves Many went away saying they were cured STARTED CONTROVERBY This talk of euros plunged Montreals Catholic community into controversy that raged for years Even the priests and brothers of the Holy Cross spilt Into factions Amongsthose who buried the archbishop under mountain of complaints were numerous parents protesting about crowds of sick people flocking to the college every day As for as the college was concerned the problem at an invited multitudes was solved when Brother Andre was al lowed to build little chapel high on the slope of Mount Royal acres thestreet It was dcd ted in 1905 and Brother 1Andres pilgrims began Trevei Arrangements AIRSR1 nusicon norcts nasonrs courses can nanrm 01L Johnson and Co Ltd World Wide Service ea ssszs 101 name omi 691 Bay tie Toronto El Decided Tribuan ANDRE going to it In 1909 the order relieved him of his duties as college poricr so he could be come the fulltime guardian of his chapel Meanwhile the hue and cry against Brother Andre had grown to such an extent that Archbishop Bruchcsi finally in friends husky Izmn BARBIE Wit ssruaonv nuouss ii 1E 1010 ordered in official inquiw into his activities When his inquiry commission reported that Brother Andre had no protection was motto no claims and seemed loin animated by the highest in final ideals the arcth called to Rev Geor Dion Brother Andre super or Would Brother Andre obey ii he were told to stop receiving people Told that he would the arch hishopthen abetted the controv versy tth one trunchani ten Then let him be this is the work of find hot flourish it not it will crumble awnygi Besides receiving visitorsin his chapelBrothor Andre often called upon people in their homes who wanted his help When hewas approaching 90 doctors warned him to take it easy because of his heart bill this did not prevent him getting around nor from continuing his bit of going high up the mountainside to pray One of his most devoted fireman Leopold booster carr erivhim up flights of stairs and even up the moun tnin almost daily during the last two years Brother Andra was alive tioorgo Davies CONSTRUCTION LTDr Dorrie PA le EATONSV in Barrie announces the Monday Aug 13 from l000 am to 500 pmon theMeln Floor Visit Eatons Special Hearing Aid Clinic next Monday Wju for an Audiomatilc Hearing Test and Analysis without charge Mr Keller who conducts the Clinic will check odiust orcleen your present hearing aid If necessary withoutchsrgoi advice on any the latest advances in this fieldwhich now make pos sible the successful and beneficial fitting of hearing aids for virtualiy any person who needs hearing help Accessoriasandbattoriesformfim able service sunscreens Home domnslrafimsmboamngesiflde siredwithout obligation Please phone PAS0291 for an appointment hadbeeiraciilevedTatfmurvllie The South Saskatchewan Regi ment got ashore on schedule and by surprise The Cameron Highlanders of Winnipeg fol lowed but were met by enemy fire and suffered their first cuss uaities on the beach BREAKTHROUGH FAILED The camerons sent one col umn three miles inland and the 551 pushed up on the slopo oi the west headland But with failure of the units on the main beach tabreak tlirouehtho was 1l15fiil5ti1t the college where handful of priests and brothers tought200 boys and in the rigid nature of the operation it evidently wasnt tessible to switch their landing to Pourvilla where they would have stood better chance The long long morning of on with air battles raging over head and the Germans making several mod air attacks on sliluifshore shattering noise and death drew LANDING DELAYED Now the battle was joined The destroyers were firing hter bombers were roaring in low tostrafe and bomb the buildings alongtho broad sweep of the esplanade directly in front at the town Enemy guns were hammeringbuckand town the troops at You lilo were limited to relatively narrow area of operation In the meantime the Fusiliers Mont Royal the reserve bat talion had been committed on the main beach and were cut to pieces in the basic plan the FMR were to land on the main beach when itrwasconsoildated By oneoclock on tot hot afternoon it was all over The last efforts to evacuate troops had been made lone do stroyer pumped few more shells into the headlonds The Cansdians first battle had come to terrible finale Dozens of landing craft limped back to New Havenompty and Poulvillc to the west These include also an outdoor lun cheon for the visiting veterans and their wives Onthe night of Aug til luff 2521ittle ships moved out at four Englishporis for the ill fated raid on heavily defended Dieppc and the Immediate flanking beaches duntho open beaches In the face of blizzard of fire from the enemy entrenched above and around themLater the official citation described it as show of cour age terrible to see Besides the t000 casualties more than 100 planesand 30 ships were lost The chpperald rstit is iii subject of controversybut sev eral historians have arguedthat it was failure only in theim mediate sense that it was yi inliy important in reiotion to is war as whole 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