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VOICE CANADA \ [THE EMPIRE i.THE WORLD AT LARGE of the PRESS CANADA Not Over Yet When it is found necessary to open a special prison camp in British Columbia to house unemployed disturbers it is idle to talk about the depression being completely over.--Peterborough Examiner. Tribute to Nurses It is a tribute to Canadian nurses that their services constantly are being sought in the United States. In fact, Canadians are numerous and highly placed in all the professions across the border. This can have but one meaning; ability and zeal.--Toronto Globe and Mail. Exemplary Punishment Last week a man was convicted of manslaughter before Mr. Justice Denis of Joliette, Quebec, in connection with a "hit-and-run" fatality, and Judge Denis sent him to penitentiary for seven years. That, we should say, was an adequate penalty, and more of the kind would have an extremely salutary effect.-- Ottawa Journal. Shin Plasters What motive inspired the Bank of Canada to abolish the twenty-five-cent note, the shin plaster? Surely no economy was involved. Did anybody find it a nuisance? A good many found it a convenience for small remittances when a postal note or money order seemed hardly worth while. Children loved it.--Saint John Telegraph-Journal. People Will Demand It The secretary of the Ontario Medical Association is on safe ground in asserting that state health insurance will come in this country. It will arrive, with or without the assent of the medical profession, because the people at large will demand, as they are already demanding, some relief from the heavy financial burdens accompanying sickness and hospitalization--Brockville Recorder and Times. Thrill of Plowing \What was the attraction?" probably the first question many persons asked on reading the news despatch reporting an attendance of 25,000 people on the second day and 45,000 ~~ Fergus' beingVa"town with' no*great population it would be readily assumed that a large percentage of the people came from outside points. It would be further assumed that only a small percentage of those 45,000 actually took part in the contest. The answer, of course, would be obvious to anybody who knows anything about plowing. There is nothing like the thrill which accompanies plowing a straight furrow, and when you can't do the plowing yourself the best thing is to watch-- Windsor Star. Cc-oroinatien Is Necessary Since unemployment is a most urgent social and economic problem, it is extremely necessary that the Dominion and the provinces should get together on this matter with the least possible delay. There should be a central administration under a highly capable executive head, and the different branches throughout the Dominion should be under able directors. The expenditure on relief continues higher than necessary because of lack of an efficient system for placing the unemployed in jobs. Why should this remain so? The great scarcity of skilled workers in some parts of the country will suggest bringing in immigrants of this class. Why bring in outsiders if there are Canadians who are qualified for the jobs, or can be fitted for them? Unemployment insurance will be adopted in some way before long. Then it will be expedient to keep unemployment at a minimum, and this will require a fully organized and aggressive employment service. There is every reason for abandoning the present policy of drift. For the sake of the taxpayers and also of the unemployed, the DoT minion and the provinces should lose ho time in establishing an efficient, co-ordinated employment service, which can be modified later if necessary.--Winnipeg Free Press. THE EMPIRE Who Will Guarantee? "The will for peace," President Roosevelt declares, "must express itself to the end that nations attempting to violate agreements and the rights of others will desist from such a course." In that event "the will for peace" takes a curious shape, for What is to be done about the nations which, in the late President .Wilson's words, "do not intend peace or justice"? It is easy to say that "injustices and well-founded grievances" should be removed; but who is to be the judge of them, and who is to guarantee that the aggrieved will be satisfied withwhat others decide to be justice?--Telegraph and Morning Post (London). Crazy World, Crazy Money Henry Ford once said: "The yard is always 36 inches, but when is a dollar a dollar?" The man in the street reads of Wall Street slumps in share prices, of the rocketing franc, of the jumpiness of stock exchanges, and the failure of brokers. And the man in the street can be excused for thinking that finance has gone crazy. But the explanation is simple enough ■--a world nervous and ill at ease, the Mediterranean full of warships, soldiers of four or five nations fighting in Spain. And on top of it Japan's savage war on China. How can trade flourish or the world get on with its job of sharing the abundance that science has made possible? So long as the world is crazy finance will be crazy, too.--London Sunday Chron- Sporting Comment By KEN EDWARDS Hello, gang! -- Back again from the old fishing grounds, and how they take those little minnows. There are plenty of whitefish in Lake Simcoe now. W_/ don't you try it sometime? Well, did you get around to answering last week's question? What wrestler has had his nose broken 23 times? The answer is Little Beaver, the 24-year-old Cherokee Indian iron "War Admiral" is following in the foot-steps of pappy "Man o' War." It seems he had a hoof injury last season but now in his first few races he is walking away well in the lead. At the time when the big Owlahoma oil wells were discovered on the Indian reserves, oil was their gold, hence one old Indian chief- apt IWlUCUiiAi* nauv vi a aoi Thrives in Far Corners Max Schmeling, the German, will fight Harry Thomas, of Chicago, in December, in New York. Last year Harry won 13 fights out of 15, with 8 knockouts. What famous bicycle rider allowed his brother to chop off half of his index finger because of snake bite? War's Horrors Will Increase Ramsay MacDcnald Warns Association For Advancement Of Science Former Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald, addressing the British Association for the Advancement of Science, discussed the effects of mod-He said China and Spain had shown the great advance attributable to science in the destructive forces of so-called civilization. These would be repeated with increased horror wher- Cannot Avoid Worst "if v, the avoid the worst that can happen ■fare," he said, in deliveri t Radford Mather lecture association. 'But let us not be misled by thinking scientists as such can The action of the farmer in growing wheat and food for war, he continued. akin to the engineer turning out improved flying engines. But it was false judgment and cowardly for one to blame them if peace was not ured. Wants Practical D = nocrroy "The plea I make is for practical democracy, but if democrat is to triumph in the attack now being made, it must have method, and I believe the records of the scientific worker and the way he sets about his work will steady and clarify the popu'ar mind not only to complain eloquently, but to conclude wisely," the former Prime Minister declared. A return to bows and arrows, he added, would not remove the griev-mces of nations, for which they will fight, ir.ply 1 The Ivory Trade Is Carried On In Africa, Chiefly -- Used For Billiard Balls and Piano Keys Commerce in the days when sailing barques, laden with "strange cargoes of ivory, apes and peacocks," plied the seven seas was invested with a certain glamor. Even today, in this more prosaic industrial age, a few of the romantic trades of the past still flourish in out-of-the-way spots of the earth. One of these is the ivory trade, writes Frank K. Linge in Barron's Financial Weekly. Africa Chief Source Africa is now the chief source of the ivory supply. From East Coast Zanzibar and Mombasa, trading centres for British Kenya Colony and Uganda, and Mozambique, port of Portuguese East Africa, regular shipments are made. Supplies are also obtained in the Sudan and Central and Wost Coast regions, chiefly the Congo, Cameroon and Nigeria. Russia ships annually a small quantity of mammoth tusks unearthed in Siberia, of an age estimated at 1,000 to 50,000 years. Siam provides a small quota obtained from tame elephants who have died of old age. Shoot Their Ivory At one time practically all the ivory brought on to the market was found dead in the jungle and collected by native expeditions from "cemeteries" where elephants in that region find their way to die. It is estimated that now about 50 per cent are shot, although slaughtering of the animals is strictly controlled. Hippos Produce It Too Besides the elephant, the ivory produced by some other animals is of commercial value and use. For example, the hippopotamus, or seahorse, has two immense canine teeth or tusks, six others which are curved in the upper jaw, and six straight in the lower jaw. Various species of wild-boar-- notably the warthog of South Africa--produce quantities of ivory. Among marine animals there is the sperm-whale, which has immense jaws full of unusual looking teeth, and the walrus whose long Old English Estates Coming On Market Many of Them Have Histories Linking Back to Early Days df England; Some Sold by Auctic As Various Factors Enter Inl Transactions } lack several centuries, in sCTac even to feudal days, have been ing into the market in large recently. Changing family fortunes, signs for living and death have been some of the factors behind the many offerings at auction and private sales of vast holdings once occupied by English nobility. Many of the time-worn structures figuring in the realty news there lately have in days gone by sheltered members of the royal family or outstanding figures in the literary life of the nation. Their very walls whisper of the colorful past. Known to Dickens and Scott One of these interesting places i3 the Rokeby Castle in Yorkshire, the home of the Morritt family since the early part of the seventeenth century. More than 1,100 prising the eastern portio tate is to be auctioned. Another estate of note me into the market is Place, near Maidstone, Queen Elizabeth o tusks projecting downwards are in many instances fine quality ivory, and were at one time extensively London Central Market London is the central market of the world for ivory, although the growth of the Congo trade has resulted in moderate quantities being shiped to Antwerp where sales are also held- Buyers from the United States and the continent, as well as purchasers representing the home trade, regularly attend the quarterly sales, which have been held for many years in the commercial sales rooms in Mincing Lane. All the ivory to be offered is stored and exhibited at the ivory warehouses at the London docks where it is inspected by buyers and valued according to quality. on a visit to that county in the sixteenth century. The man who owned the place at that time was Thomas Wotton, Sheriff of Kent, who enlarged and beautified the house to make it suitable for his distinguished He is said to have "prayed to be excused" from knighthood and other honors which she offered him. Near the house stands an old yew tree, enclosed by a high ragstone wall. Tradition has it that the Queen planted this tree. Held for 400 Years The Wotton family held, this estate for more than 400 years, and then it passed by marriage to the "great" Earl of Chesterfield. Later it became a part of the Kent estates of the Cornwallis family. Just as in Canada and United States the large estates are difficult to sell because of the limited number of persons who can afford them, so in Britain many fine places "go begging." Many need modernization, taxes on them are high and upkeep is costly. An example of this is'found in the recent sale of Rousdon Mansion in East Devon, known as "one of the beauty spots of England." The buyer paid about $150,000, which was only a fraction of what the late Sir Henry Peek paid to erect it. Commentary on the Highlights of the Week's News by Peter Randal Oyster Produced Hundred Pearls But They Were Too Small To Be Put On Sale i oyster n of this e which has Broughton in Kent, ce stayed Robert Butler, one of the firm's ght oystermen, opened the oyster. Scores of pearls rolled on the floor. Mr. Butler has been an oysterman for more than twenty years. He opens an average of 400 a day, so that oysters have no secrets from Mr. Butler. But he has never met such an oyster before. Million a Year In case you are thinking of going to Whitstable and starting the oyster rush of 1937, it should be stated that the pearls were exceedingly small and not of saleable value. But, nevertheless, the firm, who sell a million oysters a year, cannot recall anything like it before and Mr. Butler says he has found bigger pearls in the past, but only one at a time. The oyster in question will go down in history and not down someone's throat. It is being exhibited in a win- It is now a traffic menace in Istan-ml to stop a person in the street and sk for a match. Finance Wizard Resigns Although Nazi officials dendied that any decision regarding Dr. Hjalmar Horace Greeley Schacht, German Minister of Economics, had been reached, Dr. Schacht considers himself discharged from office. The Minister, whose astounding feats of financial juggling the past few years have kept Germany's economic affairs on a workable basis, has long been at variance with certain of the Nazi leaders. Trouble first came to a head with the institution of the four-year plan sponsored by General Goering, the No. 2 Nazi. Asked about the Government's denial that he was leaving office, Dr. Schacht said: "The official announcement of my resignation will be made yesterday, today or tomorrow." The Minister desires also to withdraw from the presidency of the Reichsbank, the Government agency for the control of German banking. What will Germany do without him? Ontario Trains Tourist Caterers One of the newer vocations opening up for the young people of Ontario, especially now that the tourist trade is becoming a major industry, is the tourist-catering profession. Starting later this month or early in December, a course in wayside booth selling, advertising proper cabin ac- j News In Review Ordered to Stand Bv LONDON, Eng. -- All British war ships within wireless range were asked this week-end, Lloyd's reported, to assist the British steamer Stanray after it was fired on and halted by Spanish insurgent trawler in the Bay Prince Michael Honored BUCHAREST.---H,is eyes sparkling with joy and pride, King Carol II this week placed on the shoulders of his son, Crown Prince Michael, who reached his 16th birthday, the stripe of a second lieutenant in the Rumanian army. A saiute of 21 guns mark* occasion, considered here the important event in the Rumanian Royal Family since the enthronement of Carol in 1930. The King Opens Parliament LONDON.--King George, addressii his Parliament for the first time in Speech from the Throne, pledged his Government to work unceasingly for "BUI lit IWWUt.rH.fe^rffti ! Of ( to maintain the ready for i Robed in collared w acing pace of its rein--with special at-■craft defence -- so , the country will be le of red and black, ine, the King addressed members of the Houses of Lords and Commons, the Peers gorgeously attired in their robes of state, from his throne in the Lord's Cham- New Skyway WASHINGTON. -- Pennsylvania-Central Airlines formally opened a new skyway this week for passenger, mail and express traffic between Washington and Buffalo, a route that is expected to link eventually Ottawa and Washington. Duce Ready to Plunge ROME.--Premier Mussolini prepared this week-end, on the eve of the fifteenth anniversary of his "march on Rome, establishing fascicm, to plunge into the Spanish civil war on - ~rand scale if the London non-in- comniodation and the c night tourists will be made available to all young people interested, by the Women's Institutes Department of Ontario in connection with the • National Employment Commission. Such a training will be of special use | to young people in districts well travelled by tourists which are yet poor farming country. "By All Honorable Means" Again the voice from the south heard above the din of European squabbling and preparing for war:, "We, as a nation, are at peace with! all the world and for that we are' thankful. We have no plans fori conquest. To keep the peace is a fundamental policy of the United j States. War will be avoided by all! honorable means." Also in his Navy! Day Letter, President Roosevelt warned that the United States will maintain a sea strength sufficient to "ensure a righteous peace." Relief List Reduced Latest figures issued by Ottawa show that unemployment and relief have decreased during the past year in the Dominion of Canada. In September, 1937, there were 73,479 fewer people on relief than in September, 1936. Responsible for the drop are better times, provincial and municipal work projects, activities of the National Employment Commission, the land settlement plan under which unemployed are assisted in becoming established on farms. Belgian Cabinet Crisis Premier Paul Van Zeeland resigned last week from the leadership of the Belgian Government in order to fight the charges of Rexist (Fascist) opponents that he was mixed up in a "national bank scandal." His cabinet resigned with him as a confidence gesture. The resulting crisis in Belgium forced the postponement of the nine-power conference which was to : Jap embroglio. New Irrigation Projects At a cost of more than $100,000, two new projects for irrigating areas in the Canadian west have been announced to be carried out under the Prairie Farm Rehabilitation Act. The work will be done in the Brooks, Alberta, irrigation district; and in the Cypress Hills area of Southern Saskatchewan. The Government scheme ,-olves taking over the land at about and reselling ...----»~»«ULa,e. used for placing farmers from poor I; " Non-intervention Accord Remote Hopeless of agreement, nine European powers delegates to the Spanish Non-intervention Committee meeting in London which convened over the week-end, sought only to avoid the definite break in relations that might mean the opening of the French frontier to the passage of men and arms into Spain. On the one side were Great Britain, France and Russia, demanding the removal 1 of foreigners from the civil war; on the other side, Germany, Italy and Portugal demanding recognition of the Spanish insurgents as belligerents. The meeting preferred a deadlock to a wide-open split. King Congratulates a "Queen" tervention negotiations collapse, it was learned on excellent authority. While 100,000 Black Shirts poured into Rome in ninety-three columns that tramped through the streets throughout the night, II Duce conferred with his subordinates on stern measures to cope with any situation arising from a decision by Russia and France to resume "liberty of action" ' in Spain. Revises Margin Requirements WASHINGTON.--The United States Federal Reserve Board has announced a drastic revision in its stock market margin requirements. The move was expected by many Washington authorities to bolster sagging security prices. Deprived of Citizenship BERLIN.--Theodor Wolff, former editor of the Berlin Tageblatt, is on a list of sixty-seven Germans deprived of citizenship, published this week by the official Gazette. Wilhelm Ditt-mann, former Socialist in the Reichstag and one of the loaders of the revolution of 1918 after the armistice, also is named. Sabotage In Palestine JERUSALEM.--Unrest in Palestine was kept smouldering this week by new sabotage attempts against communications, railway stations and police posts. An attack was made on the Lydda railway station and a military vehicle en route from Namlus to Tulkarem was fired upon. Twelve telephone wires connecting Palestine with Egypt were cut near Rafa. The Jerusalem-Hebron road was barricaded near Solomon'3 Pools and the telephone wires cut. Separate bands fired on the Ramleh and Lydda peiice stations.