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- - - - PAGETENTW~~A7~AflAM l'I"i"auA,,UW~?DA~WV 9 -OTA Hungary's Heart- ToId Lions by Fo Newcastle: Conditions iiiHun tian of 19 -million was a maj g-ýiry leading up to therevotpartner in a federation ofr of one year ago were told ta tions called the Austro-Hungî the Newcastle Lions Club on ian àlonarchy. The Monarch: Thursday evening last by one total population of 50 mili of its members who is a native: consisted of severai smaiierr of Hungary and iived and prac- tions, ail speaking differe tL cd his profession there until languages, having differentv PIt 7', in the persan of Dr. L.S. tionai customs and interests, u 1\: Ios.der a common ruler; havingt ý'r-,sident Roy Forrester pre- same army, same currency a s' ced for the dinner meetinei common economic intere h- ld in the dining-room of the making the Austro-Hungari ÇO v-en's Hotel and conducted a Monarchy the iargest econorr s -rt business session during 1 ad miiitary power in Euroi v;1,«ich it was announced plans After the first war, Hunga Wý_re under wav for the amnual had its first taste of intern VYýe ntinc Dance with Mart tionai communism, organised1 K:., mey's Band and the ciub's the young Russian commuri C- munity Auction ta be held party and Hungarian soidie ii Iecember. indoctrinated in Russian priso rdcd by Lion MIlt er of war camps. Since the mig V. 'er, Dr. rMik-ios said: of the red army did not stai .ýnn President Roy, Fel- i behind them, at that time, t] Lions, , nation was able to shake the I1 was asked' to speak about 1 off after 133 days of terror ar cc::utions in Hungary undc-, blooclshed. the communist regime. I thiîik, Treaty Broke Up Monarchy 'ýive you a mure complete "The pcace-treaty di.ctated1 pkt'ure, 1 should mention a fewltevcoiu ovr rk !the ds aboutioHsngawyrasbcone- abot Hngay a co-,the Mlonarchy into sever wo'or thewar. s mail, independent nations, lh Id wars.Austria, Hungary, Czechoslov, Pýopulation of 19 Millions kio, Roumania, Bulgaria, Yugi 'Bfl'ore the first war Hun- slavia and so on. Each natic g~ ,a nation with a popula- consistcd of a national uni Free!1 Free!1 BLACK DIAMOND STAMPS with every purchase of gas VIGOR OIL Service Station CORNER 0F 3MANVERS ROAD AND FIFTH CONCESSION Phone MA 3-29)9 Vigor 9GL Standard 1O n uiG A Gasoline 39O~ Vigor Super A'Ci AL High Test L Oc incIuding tax Complete Lubrication at2 Resonable Price STOVE OIL AVAILABLE IN ANY QUANTITY AT THE STATION OPEN EVENJNGS AND SUNDAYS eral election followed, but this! ed by the workers were hardly 11 time the communists took mare 1 enough ta buy food for thei R en in g H i to r fot afford another fiop like in One-Sided Contracta c1 re6. rganiin g bit. Theof coule d 'Tham ily.n e on mi and rural areas were carefully Te iefcet eooî screened and those who were systemn alone does flot explain orm er R esid en t flot keyt vote cammunist the low standard of living ini were o registered ta vote. The. Hungary. According ta the peace forer smal-hldr" art 1 reayHungary had ta pay a ajor ' was destroyed by this time. Th large amount ta Russia as re- na-mnit nie it h paration for damages during the ~~ar- I ~~~~former social demacratic party, wr hswst epi x lion under a new name "labor par- goods and as a resuit everything na- ~ty". This union was oniy pos-the country produced had ta ena-sbl by arresting most leaders go ta Russia, leaving hardily na-te'oiistpry n e enaugh ta save the population Un-i piacing them with a few faith- from starvation. In addition ta the ful communists, pianted ù-nto this, Hungary was forced ta adthe socialist party long before. aeeooi cnrcswt 'est,"The social democratic party Russia delivering goods in ex- Îan of Hungary was rughly identle change for heavy machinery mic cal witb the CCF in Canada - which in turn was needed ta mcEven this way the labor piar-1 produce arms for Russia. The ty btanedfaries thn a exact, contents of these econ- na- jority, but with 21 ren~tom1contracts were never made thevotsthe wee bieta ut1956. To mention a few items, list more delegates into the House Russia pays the equivalent of ýers 1948 mn. hs a early in10c. per hundred eggs, A'c. on- 1948and some of us, more op- for one gallon of brandy and glit timistic, etil1 boped ta prevexit delivers 1,000 tons of raw iran nd communist rule. At this time for a locomotive made in Hun- he everybody could feeel and feargaybugodreivdfo themîgt o th rai ules, heRussia are paid for well above inçÀsecurity police. Their numbers the current market prices. Un- exceeded 100,000 now, and tle der economnie conditions like numer f iforers Was this the standard of living had bI coulitless. The informers, at ta be extremely iow. The aver- bv least niost of them, were far age salary of a xvorker is about uai froin being communists. Som e e gln f 0t 0dl thefequivalenteof 50ital60 dol ikohm wr ciias n lars a month, whicb is hardly, ke1 the rpse curtol iknwu eno ugh ta support a family. To thirpstcul-asl force make ends meet, the housewife thminto spying and reportir.gwafocdtwrkiafctr ion ~~~~~~on other peoples' activities ands ocdtwrkiafcoy rdeirtaks or shop also, leaving the child- unguarddrmrs ren ta the state-owned schools Buid Up 0f Informers and nurseries ta be exposed ta "The ther wercommunist propaganda. The Peolearrste atrandam for hours a day, six days a week. some insignificant reason or ,often for no reason at ahi and Above this, workers are most everykody who bas seen forced ta attend politicai meet- th lithe escuity ndsholan average of police from the inside or wàs1 6 ta 8 hours weekly. At these- interrogated could be fbrced ta scbools they are told xvhy they report even his best friends in 1 are the happiest people in the aider ta save himseif or familv; world and bow \vonderful it is --from being interrogated again. I ta live in a really free country Dr. L. S. Mikios The arrests were usualîy car- 1 like Hungary or Russia. At the speakig thesaineried out betweeen two and four 1politicai meetings, they usually sekgth saelanguage, and Pest were destroyed by the in the morning and the sound of offer part of their salare o and a sizeable number of so- Germans, ieaving the city with 1 a car stopping in front of a! the benefit of some communîst calied minorities, speaking a a population of one and a baîf 1bouse at this hour can stili cause, like supporting tbe corn- different language and baving million without communication,1 cause many recent Hungariari munist war efforts in Korea, or different cultural and national electricity, water supply and refugees ta jump ta tbe w~i- ta send a few locomotives ta background. hardiy any bouses ta live in. dow as a reflex action. If we Red China. Aiso, it is usuai to 'Since the borders of each The streets were filledi witb 1 met somebody who was arrest- offer a day's work foxr free for some similar cause. This takesJ nation could not be drawn in a debris, dead bodies of humans 1 ed *and later releascd by the s- aeoatls neSdy way ta include members of the and animais, drunken Russian curity police, we usually avoid- caeo tlatoeSna samne nation and leave out min- soldiers pilfering, kiliing men ed hlm or evqn bhis family. Most every month for an average[ orities of another nationaîity, adrpn oe - a nightmare of us knew there were ways ta wrking m oltran.defen- tbisfac gae acaninuus ea-one cannot imagine and canflat break the strongest spirit' and ar lasvlutr n n son for endvess bostiitieos aon forget. a friend could be turned into 1tbusiastic, the presence of the' tbe former members of the Aus- "In spite of ail the terror. an informer ta save bis or bis - security police takes care of tro-Hungarian Monarchy. there was a hope. Witb the Ger- famiiy's life. This terror wasj that. Hungary Biggest Loser man dictatorship gone, there the reason why amy arganized Some Still Live Well "Th bggst asr f te ..was the hope of regaining aur1 resistance was and stili is im- f"0f course tbere are people "Tebggs osro tei-national independence so we1 possible behind the iran curtain. ilii ugr b a f campetently drawn peace-trea- could rebuiid aur country for1 This is how a small minority i1 odarltvl ibsadr ty ws .unar, wbich lost two- ourselves, Work began almost 1 rable ta rule over millions of of living. Party functionaries, thirds of ber former tezrritories immediately, the streets were. people. Aiso, this minority isme erofteeciyplc, including a population of il soon cieared,* buildings and supported by the huge Russian, smebescoientsts, ritspoice, million. There were 19 million bridges rebuilt, communications army wbich is able ta wipe out good prtcnnecs atins ar aie Hungarians in the Monarchy restared. Hope and faith gave any unorganized spantameous ta mantinnestanareof ln and when Hungary became an us strength ta achieve this-mi- uprising as later events praved. flk nweei h etr independent nation again the racle within one year. The Rus- "There were more so-called world, but any political change population dropped ta 8 mil- sians did not interfere mucb at free elections later in Hungary, in Moscow may change thîs ý lion, the rest beîng absorbed by this time except for capturing not ta convince the Hungarian vrnihad edngcm neihbrin ntios.0f ouseyoung people on the streets at people, but simply as a formai- munist witb a past of 30 years Hungary became concerned random ta be deported ta Rus- ity. The 1949 elections Were of faithful service ta the party about the future of 4 million sia for siave-labor. Many hun- realiy simple. Everybody wasmabetid ndhge fo Hungarians naw living as a dred thousands of young people allowed ta vote this time, ini treason or spying for the west, minority in Roumania, 3 mil- were deported this way and fact, because of the informers lk aki 90 lion living in a newly created very few of themn ever came now several in eachjkbinc19it stae, auld Cecaslvaka m bak.Was dangerous not ta výte. Everybody's Name On File 2 million in Yugoslavia; and this AlwFrtEeto hr a nofca ito Aot14 tbcm b situation did nat contribute ta lo* istEetinTeeas dan offcia litheai"out 19 t H berycame o- good neighbaurly relations dur- "In 1946 the Russians llowed deeae1rw pb h vosta ugr ol o ingtheperod etwen he wothefirt eecton n Hngaycammunists with na alternate expeet help from the west, and ing t he er in betenfth two he ol fir eaert electio unychaice. Ahi you had ta do was, it was impossible ta organize a graduai economie mnd poiti- in the country's bistory. The îoristera oefl orayrssac ihn yn cal onslidtio folowd utilcommnis patyorgnizd b lit ad drap it into a container everybody had a file at the se- cmiconoliatin fhloed nti camunst art, oganzedb3rin front of the officiais. True, curity police, with detailed re- 1933, when Hitler came ta pow Russians and Russian indoctriri- teewsavtn ot ihaprsrgrîgbso e at er n Grmay.aste e oeofunarian aerincurtain in one corner, 1 stiîî tical views, actîvities, even some "Now, a graduai politicai was the omly prty ta eet don't know for what purpose chance remarks made same pressure started by Hitler in rpad befas are the electinsand I don't know of anybody years mgo mmong supposediy rd eat-Erap te anatis lnt machinery was nat yet availablê who tried ta fimd aut. Anyway, good friends. and east-European nations into the results of the election were "A a otrIwsabeo his own political orbit in prepa- wbeîng majar. i 0 the pveo-inprînt in the newspapers a As tina dc t t a asrbleot ration of a future war. He skiil- pie chose ta vote for the so- day before the rictual elections. living, working on the teacbing fully played the national pride cahdsalhle at ndA wan der of com munist effici- staff of the University Hospital and interests of the small na- cthedcommunstshle adt e atis, ency. It was 97 percent in fa- ai daet, iahvigago tions against each other and fid wtb ami 4 ercent of the1 vour of the officiai list, if I re- prîvate practice. In 1949, 1 was since hardiy amy nation was iewoy member carrectly. frdbcuem oiia e reaily satisfied with the hastily ppular vote. frdbcuem oiia e drawn borders of the peace Gave Country to Russians Land Taken Away havior seemed ta have sonme treat, hewas ale t convnce In spte o this becuse f «'Ishoud sinfluencew inpuenctheont universityy treay, e wrs rbleta cnvice "n siteaI tisbecase I " sbold ay nw afewstudents. To lose an unpai.d pas a certain number of pohiticimns Russian pressure, a coalition- words about the ecamomic con- ition had no fimandiai effect oný_ in each country ta support bis government had ta be formed1 ditions behind the iran curtaîn. me but its political implications policies. After ail, if a paliticimn which imchuded three commun- Before the war, Hungary had a wr eydneossg in Hungary spoke of the 4 mûi- ist cabinet mimisters in key self-supporting ecanomy based Tere w er on toups sig- lion Hungarians sufferimg un- position. The new gavermment maostly on agriculturmi products, 1 hr eeol w os- der Roumm;nin suppressin mdsare a-ra e-h--ut-a-eidveae lgtinuty wmr. Tnis trie gavermimemit re- speakin Russan citizen, wholsmeofcasmdrtlsl fuse mm Hileroccpiedtheobtine bi pos thoug prs- ollected. Olten, small farmers fue adHilr cupe teobane ispsttrog pe-had ta buy grain on the black. coumtry by militmry power in sure of the Russian militarymaktaberlea 1944. He-set up bis awn puppet farces, and obtaimed his order- aktt b bet deliver~ govermment without consent Of directly f rom Mascow. The their quota mnd avaîd rrest for parliament or the people and, mmeso hsplc oc sabotage. once agaîn, Hungary ceased ta cansisted of some Moscow train- "The fate af the factory work- be an independent nation. ed communists, former crimin- ers wris mot amyv better. All fac- "Theide of he econ Wo lis, mamy of them former mem- tories, small mmd large were IWmr was very umpopular in bers of the short lived security l aken awriy from the former Hungary. Officially we dechar- plc fteHugra aioxvers and declared property ed war against England amd party. A sizeable numiber 0f' of the workers. There were sia- rince for nio reason at ail; amd Jewish deportees xvho survived I aris ta be seen everywhere say- lhad ta fight in alliance withth Gemn cnetainigtefctrisyusyo some af aur ememies we stili hadth emn cnetainngtefcorisvu, u rrioraî ais amist camps became officers of thisi work for yaurself. The man- teroria lm zechsovais force feelimg nothimg but hate1 agement wris triken over by R ounateny, becus ai um-agaimst anythimg Hungarian. people whose oly qualification gry's geologicai situation, wve,"The security police was vir- tadhejbxvsamebr had no choice but be wiped out1 tually free Ia arrest anybodv,ishîp-card af the commumnist bx' Germnan, or Russia or bih' vem a memnber of Ilie parlia-, atv h wxorkers were rt- if ve resisted.mn, extort confessions, dis-, quired ta fulfill a certain quota "Finding ourselves in this pose of people without tria!- for \vas salary and extram - situation, al x 'e could hope amd amd for years ta corne we could f ahas ai for work damef pray for xvas that eý enLuall observe lar.ge. closed trucks an' th at. Manyv workers were bath Germany and Russia might leaving the police licadquarters,1 able. to praduce .50-10o percent lose the %var mmd the victors always rit night, cantainimg the f axr the ouaarmdr em or aou make a peace treaty mot quite as dead bodies af people, who did fiiygo mayfrasot. ~ - messy as the ast onie in 1921i. mot survive the interrogations. while. but soon the quota %vas Budapest ini Ruiinb Te cen1e'er1es_, those truck3 j- raised by 50-100 percent. Ait rr "The end of the war founci headed for tvere closed ta the a while mmmnv workers were1 N A N 1 l{Logav vit Iur ~ gemer3! public at iiigits. umable ta fulfili the eve l lîg i- withher(,t;,,1 ct%,er quotas and had to face pa \j I Bidapest coi-pletLeiv dustroved. Better Organized Election ing fines or being arrested fort- iAl àix briciges conneactm. Èuda "Soon another .5o-ca.lled geli- sabotage. The Dayments receiv. tics for me; to apply ta the cam-f munist party for membership or leave the counitry as soon as possible. "This was flot an easy prob- lem, because there were many people in similar positions and the borders were heavily guard- ed. In fact, it was nearly im- possible ta appromch the bor- der area by train or by caJ' wîthout having a good excuse for going there. Such a thimg, as going for a pleasure trip, or visiting friends just does not exist behind the iran curtain, Alsa, ta cross the barder amoîîg barbed wires filhed with elec- tricity, hidden mimes, watch- towers with searchiights was simply impossible without a guide who kmew thc area welh. Costly, Dangerous Business "It wms a costly mmd danger- ous business amd it was even mare difficuit ta fimd the right mmn because mamy such guides turmed out ta be emphayed by the security police. An attempt ta cross the border could belt punished by 5 ta 10 years iii jaul if the persan survived thîe interrogation. Alsa be cauid be deported ta a Russimn labor camp, which wms common prac- lice. A friend af ours, who kmew somebady in the security police imfarmed me one day in 1949, that I hmd been placed under police observation a few weeks aga, ad my arrest couldj follow amy lime. PRE-CAST CONCRETE -Septio Tanks- --Sidewalk Slabs- Coloured Patio Slabs- -Porches, , Steps- -Curbing - Concrete Pwoducts PHONE BROOKLIN 155 Collect Calis Accepted take the chance on the firsg, marn who was wiiling to guid<i us through the iron curtain,ý With determination t3 kili oit be kiiied-but flot captured- we started the long, dangerouî,-ý march and with immense lucli, we succeeded in crossin4.-fiù border unharmed. Sinct> biert. I have had no personaY'êxper., ience with conditions in Hun. gary except I knew that mý parents were deported from Bu., dapest in 1952. Their house and ail their belongings ad re qq fiscated by the state awe r - then on they ived on j~ , I sent from here. "As you ail know, in 1956a spontaneous revolut ion broke out in Hungary and in sPite of 15 years of indoctrination the young people of Hungary prov. ed once again to the world that the soul of human beings cari. flot be kept in slaverv for ever.," The appreciation of the merm. bers for the fine address was expressed ta Dr. Mikios by Lion Doug Cunningham and second. ed by the applause of the mem. bers. Air. Rail or Steamsbip TO , EVERYWVIERE I Consuit JURY & LOVELL 15 King St. %V. MA 3-5778 Bowmanville SPECIALS Month October! BRAKE SPECIAL Chevrolet, Pontiac or Ford, 1949 to 1956 Reline brakes, bonded shoes, G.M. parts Originally cost $28.95 for only Genuine G.M.$29 e'glo Permanent Type - OnIy ---$.9_eglo SIMONIZE SPECIAL Includes clean body scum, power polish and then iwax. $19-95 Large Cars Brake adjustment with every lubricatfion and col change. FREE! Front end alignment check * - $12.00 * - $10.00 Robson M&i"ors Limited BUICK - PONTIAC - G.M.C. TrUCK DEALER 166 King St. E. Bowrnanville MA 3-321J Is your child Coverage for unmarried dependent children ceases December 3lst of the year in which t;ýI-/ child attains the age of eighteen. To continuea coverage for such dependents, a special appli- cation is necessary. See your Croup Leader or mrite direct to Blue Cross. OSPITAL ASSOCIATION TORONTO 7, ONTARIO0 k, PAGE TM ht for the ME CANADIAN ST,&Mrtm,&v lmimvji#à%nm i ip - o%%""A -niro%