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¶~URDAY JIrZ StS,1949 TUE CANADIAN~~~PAG MTTSA, OMNILEMNAU Canaidiana Spent Ovor $10 Billions lui Consumer Goodas Pointlng aut tliat the autlayaofo the Canadian people on consumer Sooda and services amaunted in 194& to, &bout $10 billions, the Bank a! Montreal's lastest month- ly Business Review comments that, "Allowing for price changes, It would apppear, in real ternis, thlat the per capita consumptian of gooda and services in Canada was las t year something approacli- lfl< 50 per cent greater than in 1938.11 The bank stresses, however, the ..eati nship o! this aspect o! the ~nmic picture with other im- '~rtarit components. Expendi- tures on capital projects influ- ence the level a! consumer de- mnand and are also înfluenced by it., Fiscal policy rnay significant- ly 'expand or contract the flow of personal incarne. And in Can- ada, ta a greater extent than in niost countries, thc condition of export trade has much to do with thc buoyancy, or otherwise, o! consumer spending which, ina its turn has a direct bearing on the volume of imports. "Giving full value ta these re- lationshîps, liowever," the review states, "the demand orlginating in a domestic market characteriz- ed by relatively high living standards and a broad distribution of incarne is perhaps a more im- portant econamic influence than is fully realized in these days of jus- tified preoccupation with prab- lems of external trade." Over the past decade -the trend of con- sumer spending in relation ta disposable incarne has shown sig- nificant variations, the B of M says. During the war years, con- sumer outlays, limited by scarcity af gaods and by a notable res-t panse ta war savings appeals,i did nat increase nearly as rapidly as did incarne flowing into the hands of the public. A dis- tinct reversai o! this tenden- cy was in evidence through-t out the first two post-war1 years when, under markedlyr inflatianary conditions, the con-i tinued advance in persanal incarnec after direct taxes was outpaced i by the rate of increase in consum-,, Mon Wanted Immediately for HARVEST WORK ON ONTARIO FARMS This message is addreaaed particularly to men but some women also can be used. Crops are ripening earlier than usual ail over Ontario. AbIe-bodied men, willing ta do Farm Harvest work, are urgently needed at once. .Wages and workln conditions are good. *WAGES:S $75.00 monthly with roonm and board free. Ob TRANSPORTATION: Paid to place Of employaient anywbere i Ontario. *FOR FUMTER INFORMATIONs Please checkc wh the nearest Office of the National Emiployaient service K Depailment of Labour HUMPHREY MITCHELL Minister of Labour A. MacNAMARA Deputy Minister, er spending," the bank empia- sires. Beavy Saving Trend The review notes that last year, disposable personal income was 16 per cent greater than in 1947, but the comparable increase in dollar value of consumer out1ays was only 12 per cent. In conse- quence, approximately 10 per cent of personal income was saved inr 1948 as conipared with seven per cent in 1947. And the proportion of retail merchandise sales on a credit basis, after having risen from 32.9 per cent of total sales in the last half of 1945 to 39.7 in the first haif of 1948j declined to 37 per cent in the last hait of the year. "lncomplete data with respect to consumer incarne and spending in the early months of 1949 sug- gest a continuance of those ten- dencies that became visible in 1948," the bank says. "Officîals es- timates of combined wage, salary and supplementary labour in- corne payments for the first three months of 1949 show an average increase of il per cent over the corresponding period of 1948. The incarne of farmers, which is flot in- cluded in the above estirnates, has been variously affected by chang- es in prices and output in the case of particular commodities, but has been well maintajned in ag- gregate, with retroactive govern- mental payments being larger than last year. "As to consumer spending, dol- lar value of retail sales, which riormally account for about 70 per cent of ail outlays an consurn- er goods and services, was up by about eight per cent in the first tour months of 1949, as compared .vith the hike period of 1948. The ncrease, it wilI be noted, is sarne- wvhat smaller than the three months' rate of gain in consumer ncome indicated above." BRITAIN STRESSES HOME-GROWN FEED An atternpt is being made in Great Britain to break away from the artificially low prices of feed- ing-stuffs, both as a subsidy- aving measure and as an encour- agement ta farmers ta grow their own feed, it is reparted in Agri- ulture Abroad, a publication of the Ecanon-ics Division, Dominion Department of Agriculture. Prices for feeding-stuffs other tan home grown grains have een increased tfram levels at which th.y were stabilized in September, 1940. Whgn the Brit- sh Minister of Agriculture an- ounced the increases he said that tere was no passibility of a re- imption of heavy imports of .eding-stuffs and that farmners; nust rely more on home-grown ;pplies, partic.ularly grass - as ,razing, hay, silage or clried. The linister, who has repeatedly >inted out the value of grass as1 ifeed, said that the artificially1 w prices of feeding-stuffs hadr d same farmers to undervaluef rass and other liome-grown feeds.1 In 1949 farmers are to be allow- g d to retain for their own use,t ýper cent o! their wheat in- t uding screenings - in 1948 the lowance was 20 per cent. They p ay retain aIl the barley they t ish, as against 20 per cent lastp 'ar. The increased wheat ai-p wance, however, is subject ta ufficient wheat becoming avail-v >le for general needs.P I'SU ab: AND HIGNER WAGES HAVE GREATLY INCREASED OUR COSIS IN THE PASI five years the number of employees has doubled and our payroll has gone up from 20 million dollars to over 50 million dollars. Yet, up to now, despite rising costs on ail sides there has been no increase in the basic telephone rates established 22 years ago. To meet unprecedented post-war demand for more tele- phones, our expansion and improvement of service have of neces- sity taken place in a period of rapidly rising costs. Most businesses have offset their higher costs by higher prices for their products. We have not yet done so. You can be sure we will keep on doing our best to provide you with adequate and constantly improving telephone service - and to provide it at the loivest rates conîsistent with a fair return to ourinvestors and employees. 23 Clubs Orgamized For 1949 Contesta In Growing Potatoes Twenty-three High Yield Per Acre Potato Clubs, with 476 mem- bers, have been arganized in On- taria this year, it was disclosed by the Crops, Seeds and Weeds Branch, Ontario Department of Agriculture. Practically ail will be known as 500 Bushel Clubs. Objective o! the clubs is 500 bushels or more per acre, hence the name. The new clubs aretprajects a!' County and District Crop Improvement Associations in the follawing ar- eas. Algoma, Cochrane North, Cachrane South, Dufferin, Dur- hiam, Grenville, Kenora, Middle- sex, Ontario, Parry Sound, Rainy River, Renfrew, South Simcoe, Sundbury, Thunder Bay, Ternis- karning and Yoik. Peel County Campetition will be known as the "Caledon Potato Improvement Contest"p and four comPetitions in North Simcae have iaeen arganized in co-epera- tian with Agricultural Societies. Thirty-six competitors mare than last year are already in the field and there will be an in- crçase o! two competitions. Growers who obtain 400 bushels ar more per acre wiil be eligible ta enter the final contest for On- tario Cbampionship awards. The awards are based on yield, mar- ketable patatoes, selected exhibit and cooklng quality. Growers entering the final con- test wilI be required ta suýbmit a record of labor and material, out- linin gcosts involved in praducing the contest acre. Winners wilI be announced at the Royal Winter Fair. Top prize is $250 in cash plus a bandsome tropby and an aîl-expense trip ta Toronto. I High Production Igsts Slowing World Trade (John Atkins in The Scene The high cost of gavernme controls and state monopolies slowing down world trde and mi bring it ta a stand stili. T] lesson that freedom o! choice ai appuirtunity ta profit are th: most effective and cheape means of stimulating productli and exehange is being learnt through the bitter experience surpluses créated by costs whi< far exceed the ability o! cu tomers to, pay. Britairs planners, under tI leadership o! Sir Stafford Cripr. fprobably are the world's ableý it is doubtful if any other goveri nient could produce better resul from, planned econorny, but "TI best laid plans a' mice and ME gang aft agley," even when mac bY the best planners. Those wi: believe that ail the needs an wants of human beings can k produced and exchanged in lei than a healthful work week ai Proving their errors at the e> pense' o! the personal progress millions viho are expecting gc vernments to attempt what thi people should be doing for thear, elves individually. The we intentioned sociologists who bE ieved that humnan behaviou vould become ideal when min rnum material needs were satis led, are being disillusioned by th devotion of British leisure an' rlaney. ta gambiing on a colossa scale. Millions O! socialist work ers are feverishly trying to be orne bloated capitalists by guess ig which dog will corne closes to catchung the electric rabbit rhe waste o! idle hours is prevent ig the exchange o! British good, 'r food which- Britain needs t( )ring b er diet ta a high vitalit3 dandard. The best experirnen nstate controlled trade has failec to produce resuits comparable vith the freest possible produc. ion and trade in a world situation hich campeis some government egulation. A critical situation, in which he free nations wiil be compelled amake currency and trade ag- 'ements which will minimize overnment control and restore e maximum of freedom, is de- eloping. The barriers ta freer pro- tction and freer exchange must mre dovvn soon or unemplay- snt wiIl rise and world trade .11l be submerged and destroyed ia flood of futile contrais, the ast damaging of which will be Iernational commodity agree- lnts. ie d el tc il t' bi St in t' w tic re, tih to re go thi ve Ca wj in Mû i me g £1 ACARRER NOT JUET A joD la waiting for you la the R. C. A. Fu Pouitions Now Opus Contact d(CAF R ECRUITING OFFICER National Empleymnt Offices - Oshawa, Ont. WEDNESDAY, JULY OTU andl TIIURSDAy, JULY ITU or r ite RC.AF Recrulting Unit, 55 York St., Tarnto J Farmners Lose nt isa ile est Il of il [h rl s- TI 'n-P lts rr he i. en dle ei la THREE ESSENTIALS FOR :)e GRADE A U~OGS re Grade A 'bags are the top grade Kand commnand the premium. and Dfbest price on the market. In pro- >_ ducing-this kind a! bogs, top grade ipractices must be followei, says E. B. Fraser, Division of Animal Husbandry, Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa. In particular, there ir are three main essentials which 1-contribute ta success in pig rais- 3ing, nameiy: top grade feeder ie igs to grdefeeding; top grade dmanagement. Top grade feeder pigs mnean -pigs o! gond bacon type. These are -produced from bacon type breed- it ing stock. Sa, retain only those sows, and use only boars, with the -length, depth, vigour, and general stype which can ý e properly calied agood bacon typE The production~ o! large healthy litters of vigor- tous pigs from sucli bacon type breeding stock is the first step in the programn for Grade A hogs. In top grade feeding the object- ive is ta suppiy al ai the nut- t rients necessary for the rwn pig. Barley and aats wîil form tbe nase of the ration. Millfeeds can also be used if available. Proteins minerals, and .vitarnins are neces- sary and so skim miik and miner- als, or a compiete protein minerai supplement should be added ta the grain mixture. Vitprnins in the form o! eod liver ail and green feed will provide safety factors for the health a! the pigs. Top grade management includ- es attention toalal the littie de- tails in pig raising, including !eed- ing practices which wiil contribute ta the welfare o! the pigs. The best plan in feeding top grade liogs is ta feed them llberally during the growing period and then hld back somewliat an the ieed during the iinishing stage. This is easily done with band feeding, but is more ificuit If tbe plgs are self feci. With tbe latter, the use o! bul. ky feeds such as bran, alfalfa meal or oats to lighten the !eed mixture will belp. Stop !eeding and market the bogs when they have attained the riglit welglts- 200-210 pounds-as the final &tep in the top grade prograrn o! pro- ducing Grade A hogs. j' - ...that kep your Igame in the roujgh'. Rub in Minard'a ta aake dia.. muscles cool, r.Ix.d, ready for the fairway. For aprLins, wuscular sffnes, aches and Pain$. Greaitluas, quick dryins. na unplessan: aordor. Large Ieen.MI..I R ie 65c MARD'S 26-A i m TOU ARE GUARANTEED There la not a single word in our beioved Constitution, nor a word in aur immortal Declaration of Independence that guarantees any man ni results. These great instruments of goverrrnent speak entirely ln terms o! oppartunity. The job of organized govern- ment as ta keep the road open and the ladder up. It is aur job as individuals ta take that road and climb the iadder, and we di) it on aur own, power. We need ta tell ail Americans again that we cannot legislate ourselves into the rnillennium; we cannot organize the Utopia. ]DY Joeph Lister Rutiedge r The tarmer lias geuerally stood out an the publie nund as an indi- vidualist. We have spoken af him, at trnes, as the *natural de- fender of liberty,. Perhaps he is. Perhaps he should be, having for centuries been freer than mast, as an independent, -resourcelul basic praducer. The British farmer, however, is slawly discovering that his inde- pendence as pretty welI a thing of the past. Once lie iarmed his fields or left them fallow, planted what lie wished and succeeded or iailed with aut asking sympathy'or con- sideration from anyane. Today, he does what lie is told-or else! This is the way it works. The gdvernment'srni.nistry af Agricul- ture establisheâ a food prpgram. Once estabiishe , it becomes a pat- tern for the whole agricultural production af the nation. The farm, county councils are the im- Plemetiting farce af the program. They determine wlia shall grow what ta make up the totals and varieties af the goverrrnent pro- gram. They also are dharged with Palicing their decisians. Every farm is regularly inspected and production records are kept. If the council thinks that the farmer Is not doing a good job, or if lie refuses ta iallaw instructions given hirn, he is warned. Iflihe continues ta refuse, then the farm council must appraise the land and equipment and, having set and paid the price must warn the farmer off what, perhaps for gen- erations, has been bis awn land, and replace hirn with a manager. Sa what becornes o! the defenders o! liberty who cannat defend their own? Sa the farm couneils have work- ed with the farmer to encourage and discipline hlm. As a result there have been relatively few disagreements and disturbances. But there have been an ample rturber of evictions ta prove that the regulation lias teeth and wili ne used ta drive the continuing .ndividuaiist into the patterna of gavernrnent thinking. Last year the farmer was plac- ated by subsidies for special food crops and successive prîce in- creases, but it is now tirne ta rec- cognize that these, set against in- creased taxes, higher wages and increased food costs, leave ana net gain. In 1948 novelty o! the plan and increased- prices did induce a neasure ai increased production. Today the farmer is telling hlm- elf there is no profit in working vith hired help. He is remember- ing he is no longer master ai his .wn acres. The governrnent is Stil 'rornising -higher production but raost people believe that the Brit- ih farmer is reverting ta type- to hs aid reluctance to take dir- ction frorn any man. U.S. WHEAT STORAGE Because ai inadequate storage United States Department o! Ag- riculture bas extended its price support Mans ta caver grain star- ed "an the ground". Three-quar- ters o! the ban will be grantcd i-mmediately, but within 90 dayis 1 able storage, at. which trne farmers must find or build suit-I fuill ban wlll be paid. SOILPON SCOOS CODWOO250W the new INFORMATION SERIES .0, Panel" LOUIS BOURDON preminefit radio singer ond master ef rerensenles TED REEVI tRICHARD PENNINGTON University Ubrgrian, McGiII UniversIw "Advisory Panel" will publish un GREGORY CLARK distinouithod celumnigt Beginning next week our "De You Knewa . .?P Thiis series will deal with a multitude of diversif',.d subj.cts - fadti about Music and Myth, People, Notural History, focts about aur Country, Provinces and lndustry, facts about papulor fallacies and customs, about sports, folklore, etc. And, "Do Yeu Kn.w ... .?" wiII pey Twenty-five dollar; for ciny unusual and informative material submittsgj by read.rs and used ln thiIs sorles, Ail mterial must be authenticated and il letters bcorne our prop.rty. WrteBlckHosBrweySttinLMotral PQ I - PHONE WHITBY 3250 Bl1acck HOrSE -s) 1, 1 A.'* E. NcGREGGR & Co. HARDWARE' KING ST. E. DO wMANVILLE- BITYANTf KOTOR SALES DON BRYANT, Proprietor FERGUSON TRACTORS Complote Line ef Implemmnts Now on Dlsplsy:. MOLDBOARD PLOWS FIELD CULTIVATORS ROW-CROP CULTIVATORS TILLERS SPIKIE TOOTH BARROWS SPRING.TOOTH HARROWS TANDEM DISC HARROWS' HEAVY DUTY MOWERS 1 1 1 qum nc bi M r( ýX. oi hE n- ýl] e- ar n- S- ie id al i- e- s- st ls ýo ýy It d e n BRANNAN PRICE PLAN The United Stateý Secretary of Agriculture appeared recently be- fore the House Agricultural sub- cammittee ta push legislation whidh lie believes can cut potato price support lasses in that coun- try from their current $200 mil- lion a year to between $10 and $15 million if lie is given. authority to mnake direct subsidy payments ta producers. No change would be made in thc 1949 crap potato support pro- grarn because the previausly an- nounced plan is already in opera- tion. Potatoes and bogs will be the conimodities sclected for a trial o! his plan, if anly two are permitted ta be used as a test. TEE CANADIAN STATESMAN, BOWMANVILLE, ONTARIO -7-ý LOUIS BOURDON pmmlnud radio singer and moster of etremenles TED REEVe Well-known sports writ« y 'n A É"-W IPT 1" q 1 1 Annoýu'nciii the new