The following text may have been generated by Optical Character Recognition, with varying degrees of accuracy. Reader beware!

Digging up and dusting off long forgotten tomes in The States- mnan's library vie came across an interesting volume published just one hundred years ago. It is Smith's Canadian Gazetteer, the titie page of which states that it I s a compilation o! statisticai and f> npa,, frainrepresenting ail ari o! Canada West. It was publisld at Toronto in 1847 and jWicated to Lord Dorchester, late _U2Mvernor Generai of British North Ainerica. *Looking over the stories of Bowmanville and adjacent towns as they were surveyed in those days we believe there will be nxuch general interst in quoting from the volume, mainly to show the changes that have taken place during the march of time. One striking change has been eradi- cation of the breweries and tav- Business Stationery The ki.nd you use is a, re- flection on your good taste and good judgrnent. Be sure the roflection is favorable -. select from our quality stock, ink and layouts. viaunuaiant THE CANADIAN STATESMAN, BOWM1ANVILLE, ONTARIO erns that existed at almost al points. The followmng are the only towns and villages D! the dis- trict we find mentioned. BeWManvllle A village in Darlington town- ship, nine miles east from Oshawa. Prettily situated, built on the sides o! two his with a miii streain at each side, it has 500 po- pulation. The post office is open ev ery day. O! five churches there are: Episcopal, Free Church, Con- gregational, Canadian Wesleyan, and Christian. Trades and professions: One physician, one grist miii; one aat- meal miii, one tannery, one dis- tillery, one carding and cloth fac- tory, one axe factory, one ashery, seven stores, four taverns, one brewery, one druggist, one pot- tery, two waggan makers, three blacksmiths, one chair factary, two bakers, two watchmakers, six shoemakers, six tailors. Oshawa A village in Whitby township, 33 miles east from Toronto, with 1,000 inhabitants. Daîly post off- ice and three churches; Catholic, Methodist and Christian. Three doctars, 2 lawyers, 2 grist milis, a foundry, a brewery, 2 distilleries, a carding machine, an ashery, il stores, one machine shop, one trip hammer driven by water, a book- seller, one druggist, an auctioneer, 3 hatters, 7 blacksmith, 4 taverns, 2 watchmakers, 5 tailors, 5 shoe- makers, one bakery, a chair fac- tory, 4 cabinet makers, 3 waggon makers, one bank agency. Prin- cipie tavern, "Oshawa House." Eports, port Oshawa, during 1844: Flour, 18,690 bbls. Park 599 bbls. ashes 544; oatmeal 819; whiskey 377 bbls.; wheat 11,314 bushels; potatoes 521; lumber 145,000 ft. At the port are 3 storehouses, a customs officer and one tavern. Newcastle Two pages are taken up em- bracing Newcastle District which then comprised Northumberland and Durham. There are descrip- tions o! land and resources. Land described as the Oak Ridge soid for 4 shillings per acre until set- tiers proved their productivity and raised values ta $4 per acre. Settiers have planted orchards. There are 4,550 acres o! crown liands open for sale at 8 shillings per acre. Population of 32,033 is rapidly increasing. Acres under cultivation in 1844, Looking Backward te Pioneer Days As Recorded in Smlth's Canadian Gazetteer 1847 Orono Orono is very briefly mention- ed as a settiement in Clanke, 5 miles north from Newcastle, with 100 -inhabitants, a sawmill, a card- ing machine and one store. Port Hope Attractive town built on the side o! a hili with a fifie lake view. A rapid stream enters the lake at which is a fine harbour. In sea- son steamboats caîl daily, sailing fnam Toronto ta Kingston and Rochester. Town is incorponated with 1,200 people. A week'Iy pa- per, Part Hope Gazette has been discontinued. Centre for district officiais, judges, registrar, crown lands, etc. Four doctons, 3 lawyers, a grist miii, a foundny, a brewery, 4 tan- neries, 5 distilleries, 18 stores, 6 taverns, a surveyar, a druggist, a bookselier, 4 bakers, one livery, a printer, 4 waggan makers, 2 cab- mnet makers, a watchmaker, 7 blacksmith, 3 tinsmiths, il tailirs, 10 shoemakers, 4 saddlers, one school for boys, 2 ladies 3;eminar- ies and 2 bank agencies, Upper Canada and Montreal. Eports: year 1844: Wheat 58,099 bushels; potatoes 120; flour 8,454 bbls.; potash 237; park 159; timathy seed 152; whis- key 429 casks; staves 5,130; shin- gles 78,000; sawed lumber 91,000 ft., rags 10 tons, butter 25 kegs, 22firkins. M~we Worth his uweight in gold! The Province of Ontario profits ta ailmost the same extont from tourist business as it does from the gold mxin industry. It la tptoeach f us ta aee that it goes on growng. This diagram shows how Ontario's tourist incarne benefits everyone. Every dollar la shared thisway... 1. Hotels; 2. Stores; 3. Restaùrants; 4. Taxes, etc.; 5. Amausements; 6. Garages. It works bath ways! They treat us royaliy when we visit them ... we can't do leas than re- turn the compliment. Remember that it costs money to take a holiday ..so let's seS they get a good return for every penny they spend. 5~a01./~~ fflANiNA HOLIDAY? TUNE IN "ONTARIO HOUDAYU CPS, 10:30 P.M., THUR$., PLi AND SA., <AUR ITM HOCKEY GAMI) CANADA IFTE DIRECTOR are 160,193 with property assess- ment £474,052. It has 34 grist and 113 saw mills; 10,327 milch cows, 4,126 oxen and 4,718 horned yaung cattie. Collector o! customs was Hen- ry S. Reid, Darlingtan, and John Scott, Bowmanville was coroner. Schools, Darlington 16, Clarke 8, Cavan 17, Manvers 1, Cartwright 2, with a total o! 133 in thé Dis- trict. Newcastle village: A pretty spot in Clarke 5 miles east from Bow- manville; 17 from Port Hope, with 300 inhabitants; two churches, Me- thodist and tCongregational, with an Episcopal a mile and a hall froin the village. Post office daily. Eight stares, one druggist, 2 tan- neries, 2 taverns, one axe factory, 2 saddlers, 4 blacksmith, 2 wag- gon makers, 4 tailars, 2 shoemak- ers. Bond Head: Part o! Newcastle: Cantains 50 scattered houses, one third accupied; no store open; ane tavern open, 2 or 3 closed; Epis- copal church and grist miii and much marsh. Considerabie ship- ping: Wheat 24,000 bushels; aats 950; flour 2,065 bbls.; park 28; potash 50; whiskey 82; butter 10 kegs; potatoes 290 bushels; lumber 70,- 000 ft. A. N. Mitchell retired from his post in Washing- ton in January, 1945. Mr. Mitchell, native of Durham county, is considered one of the most brilliant men in the life in- surance business, and the position of Canada Lif e today is regarded as a marked tribute to his leader- ship. With a background of schooi teaching and newspaper work, Mr. Mitchell joined the LManufac- turers Life as advertising man- ager in 1901. He remained with the Manufacturers for ten years, advancing to assistant secretary, and then became associated with the Federai Life as assistant gen- eral manager. He was appointed general manager of that company the foilowing year and in 1915, when the Federal was absorbed by the Sun Life, he joined the Canada Life as an assistant super- intendent. Since then his record has been: Superintendent, 1924; assistant general manager, 1926; general manager, 1930; vice-pres- ident, 1935; and president, 1938. The new president, S. C. Mc- CKEY SU0S p.m. CJBC 1010 S P.m. Trees. and Peo pie (By Rural Correspondent) Have you ever stopped to com- pare trees and people? It's re- markable how much alike they are. Take a look at some tree and invariably leaps to your mind a person you know with some- what the saine character. TrMes are dumb and stationary, but ne- vertheless they have a charac- ter in their own way. For instance, let's look at the birth. It's a very striking tree, pretty ta look at, but after ail it's oniy ornamental. A favorite thing when away on holidays is ta rip off a piece o! bark and scratch on it "Having a grand time, wish you were here," and send it ta a friend. At Christmas time, a prominent ornament on the festive baard is a piece o! birth log with a candie giowing in it. Or a set fire place, with a couple o! birch logs an top. Just enough ta catch your eye and you can't help but admire it. Then when the fire is lit, these birch sticks are set aside and replaced aie a.zqljaii si p~j5~an.j atqýuatqM people like that--ornamental peo- ple. Always the centre o! attrac- tion and around when gala times are at their highest. Or, perhaps, the head o! an organizaion, who is the centre o! things until there is something ta be done, and how many times-a hurried trip out o! town, or perhaps another meet- ing and then everything is turn- ed over ta the committee ta de- cide. Later the "head" returns after ail decisions are made. The maple has a very interest- ing if e toa. In the spring, and summer it's oniy a shade tree by the corner o! the fence-just an- other tree. Green foliage and there's really nothing ta catch your eye. But in the fali there is a blaze o! glory. Every color blended together ta make a glor- ious hue. Well, there are people like that. Very quiet and unob- trusive in their young life. No one hears o! the good they do-seem- ingly quiet citizens, but in the fal there is a burst o! glory. They are much respected and adn-ured. It's then you hear about their good deeds and are asked many times by young and aid for their advice. The Black Wiilow is the ieast admired tree o! any. Anyone who knows it, remembers those long black pods that are faliing from time ta time and they are filthy. Nothing can be said in the tree's favor. We ail have heard, at sometime, o! people who are like this-with hearts and minds as black and filthy as this tree. Just listen ta their conver- sation. You can tell by their language just what black thoughts are in their minds, like the willow -black and filthy. Then there's the Maxitoba Ma- pie, a tree easily grown. They spring up anywhere and live on very pon soul, where another tree "wuld perish. The people like this, move in and live on very littie and thrive, where someone else wouldn't exist at ail. The tree and people are not an asset and are o! no value and are use- less. he Pine is a good specimen. Stalwart and upright. A pine is aiways looked up ta. It is very reserved and stands alone, yet it is with other trees in the forest and neyer crowded out. It stands there, a sulent sentinel. The peo- pie o! this "pine" chanacter are Evenue, was a promninent athiete at McGill Univensity, where he earned his Bachelor o! Science i degree, and laten coached Toron-e ta Argonauts ta a Dominion rug-é by titie. He joined the Canada1 Life as western supervisor int 1927, a!ter extensive experience in life insurance underwriting1 and management. In 1929, he was appointed asistant superintend- ent, and as such his science train-c ing proved very valuable for he was closeiy identified with the1 construction o! the Canada Life'sE head office building in Toronto. He became supenintenden in 1930,5 genenal superintendent in 1936,) and general manager in 1938. On-i ly a few months ago he assumed1 the nesponsibilities a! vice-pres-1 ident in addition ta those o! gen- eral manager. Mr. Gi became associated with the Canadia Life in 1923 on grad- uating from Queens UnIversity where he won the Gold Medal in mathemnatîcs. He completed his actuanial examination three years laten and in 1927 was appointed assistant actuary o! the com'nany The following year he was trans ferred ta the investment dep-rt ment in charge o! the reasearcbi and analytical division. He was named assistant tre&surer in i<3n. treasurer in 1938, and assistan+ general manager and treasurer in 1939. J. G. Beatty is a graduate ol the University o! Toronto. where he obtained a Master o! Arts de- gree in mathemnatics. After grad- uation, he spent four years over- seas in World War I, and was awarded the Militany Cross. He joined the actuarial department o! the, Canada Life in 1919, was ap- pointed assistant actuary in 1924 and actuary in 1938. He is cur- nently a vice-president o! the Amn- enican Institute o! Actuaries. A. H. Lemon became a mem- ber o! the company's investment department in 1928, fallowing graduation from Queen's Univer- sity. Six years later he was ap- pointed chie! of the bond depart- ment and in 1939 was named su- pervisar o! that department. His promotion ta be assistant treasur- er came in 1940. It is wonderfui what strength o! purpose and boldness and en- ergy o! wili are noused by the as- surance that we are doing aur duty,-Scott. The true standard o! quality is seated in the mind; those who think nobiy are noble.-Isaac Bickerstaffe. The secret heart is devotian's temple; there the saint lights the flanie o! purest sacrifice, which burns unseen but not unaccepted. Hannah More. the same, reserved, upright and staiwart. They stand up for what is right, regardless of the other fellow's opinion. They are always1 well liked and encouraged to stay in the community. These people are safe confidants. The oak is a fine tree, majestic and noble, well rooted, the very essence o! a true character. It neither bows to ramn, wind or sleet. It takes its stand neyer to be swayed. There are people like the oak. The very foundation and pillar of a community or an organization, etc. They take a firm stand and are neyer swayed by a fickle mind. They stick to a thing until it is "well rooted." Let this "oak" person be remov- ed and then everything crumbleî. Suddenly you realize what a pil- lar has been iost. "An Observer"~ IS FAIM MACHTNERY READY FOR BUSINESS? Farmers who have ordered re- pair parts for their farm machin- ery are advised by J. M. Armn- strong, Agriculturai Engineer, Central Experimentai Farm, Ot- tawa, to get in touch with their dealers at once. Because of the tie-ups in steel manufacture, de- liveries o! repair parts may be deiayed. If the dealer intimates that deliveries are likely to be slow or late this season, other plans may be made to get the farm machinery in good running order. Temporary repairs may be resorted to whlle awaiting the arrivai of replacement parts. Bro- ken parts may often be put in shape by acetylene welding. A broken gear tooth can be buiît up by that process. Ail farmers are not in a posi- tion to carry out temporary re- pairs and usually entrust the job to the local blacksmith. The av- erage smithy is equipped to make such repairs as brazing a filing into the groove worn in axies and eiafting, Often a blacksmith can Telp the farmer in need of re- pair parts by fabricating the more simple ones, such as strapping, wrought from iron or mild steel. H. L. Enman Mr. Enman" Generai Manager o! the Bank o! Nova Scotia, whose election as a Director o! The Can- ada Life Assurance Company has just been announced. Mn. En- man replaces the late J. A. Mc- Leod who had been a dinectar o! the Company for more than 20 years. Canada Life Company Announce Changes Top-Ranking Officers Executive changes affecting six o! the company's top-ranking offi- cers have been annaunced by the Canada Life Assurance Company. Hon. Leighton McCarthy, P.C., K.C., retires as'Chairman o! the Board o! Dinectors, but will con- tinue ta serve as a member o! the board, and as Chairman o! the In- vestment Committee. A. N. Mitchell, formerly presi- dent, becomes Chairman o! the Board; S. C. McEvenue, fonmerly vice-president and general man- ager, becomes president; E. C. Gi, fonmeriy assistant general manager and treasurer, becomes general manager; J. G. Beatty, formerly actuary, becomes chief actuary; A. H. Lemmon, fonmerly assistant treasurer, becomes trea- surer. In making the announcement, company officiais emphasized that the new appointments entailed no change in administrative policy. Regarded as one o! Canada's outstanding lawyens and business executives, Mr. McCarthy cames o! a family which has been active in the Canada Life for 70 yeans,, He was elected a member o! the federal parliament in 1898 and represented North Simcoe. until his retirement from politics ten years later. In 1941 he was ap- pointed Canadian Minister ta the United States and in 1943 became Canada's first ambassador. He OHAIRMAN 0F BOARD THURS. - FRI.- SAT. March 21 - 22- 23 They Crash the Studios- and See Stars BUD ABBOTT and LOU COSTELLO "In Hollywood" with Frances Rafferty, Robert Stanton Added Special Featurette "HITLER LIVES" MON. - TUES. - WEDNES. THURSDAY Warner's New Sensation "MILDRED PIERCE"P starrint JOAN CRAWFORD Jack Carson, Zachary Scott PAGE FIFTEEN -MARuki zist, 194fi M DRIVE IN SAFETY Corne spring, you want to get out and drive. To insure safe, enjoyable driving let us give your car a bumper to bumper check-up - make ail necessary repairs now! Our complote spring service puts your car in A-i running ordor. Drive in today. GARTON'S GARAGE Phone 2666 Bowrnanvillo, Ont. RtOYAL THEATRE Bowmanville - Phone',589 DOUBLE BILL FOR Thursday & Friday March 21 - 22 ý"Bewitched" A Thriller Packed with Action - AND - "]Blonde Foyer"' A Comedy of a Romantic Old Man and a Gay Yçiung Thing Saturday - Mar. 23 1Moon Over Las Vegas" A Rip Roaring Musical Comedy Western Style - SECOND HIT - 'Chump at Oxford' Cartoon Mon. - Tues. - Wed. - Mardi 25 - 27 Added for your enjoyment: CARTOON - NEWS - SPORT REEL "PtTTflarnA v7 tfApDflti 0.4i ftAq HYDRO HOME ECONOMIST Hello Homemakers! When we ran into Aunt Mary's kitchen the other evening and found 14-year- ild Jamey eageriy waiting beside the aven, we naturaily expected to see butter tarts or a luscious pie appear, but, ta our amazement, a pan of spicy whoie wheat cin- namon roils isued forth. Since when had the bo "bby-soxers be- come interested in the iowiy bun? As Jamey retired with each hand ciutching a hot bun and a burned tongue protruding from his mouth, Aunt Mary expiained that cinnamon roils, made with whole wheat flour, were just too good for anyone to resist. And the same rules apply to the cooking of any cereai. Make it attractive and the whoie family wili enjoy it. Take a Tip i. If it's porridge yau are mak- ing, be sure it is sufficientiy cook- ed. Many people have acquired a disiike for cereai because they have neyer tasted it when it has been free of starchy flavour. 2. Serve cooked cereal piping hot, smooth, without lumps, and with rich miik or cream topped with brown sugar. This iast item often does the trick with children. 3. Most cereais require a much larger quantity o! sait to height- en the flavour than other foods. 4. Use a littie psychoiogy when serving a new cooked cereal: ne- ver announce that it is full of vitamins and minerais. Wait un- tii the teen-agers exclaim "Hubba Hubba,"~ then nonchalantiy intro- duce a few health pointers into the conversation. 5. Keep in mnd that whoie OSHAWA Free Parking Phone 1011 4 IdNIHE UUX INTURSI &Y JONN LAUATT UMTD grain cereals are the most inex- pensive foods to buy. This is, in itself, an important reason for their extensive use. So let's roll up our sleeves and make the whoie neighborhqod jealous o! the aroma o! cooking bread and rolls. W4hole lVheat Bread 3 cups of lukewarm milk, 3 tsps. sait, 3 tbsps. sugar, 3 tbsps. fat, 2 yeast cakes, 6 cups whole wheat flour, 2 1-3 cups o! white bread flour. Combine sait, sugar, fat and milk, and when lukewarm, add crumbled yeast. Let stand until bubbies appear. Add white flour and beat well. Add whole wheat four. Place in greased bowl, re- membering to grease the surface of the sponge also. Let rise until double in bulk. Knead on flour- ed board and return to bowi, which has been washed and greased well. Let rise again un- tii double in bulk. This time knead it in the bowl. Let rise un- tii double. Knead again in the bowl, always greasing ail sur- faces. Let rise again until dou- ble and turn onto a fioured board and shape into boaves. Place in pans and aliow to rise until dou- ble in buik. Place in a hot aven, 400 degrees, and cook for 20 min- utes. Reduce heat- to 350 de- grees and bake until done. If a smali pan o! water is piaced in the aven during the cooking per- iod the crust will be much thin- ner and o! better color. Clover Lea! Rolis Proceed, using the same meth- ad as above, but when sponge is ready for pans, break off small pieces about the size of a large wainut, roll lightly in the palm of the hand and place three a! these together in each individuai muffin tin. Allow ta rise and place in aven and coak about 15 minutes. Cinnamon Rbus Make a spange similar ta that used far whole wheat bread but place an floured board and roll ta about 1/ inch thick. Spread with the foiiowing mixture: 3 tbsps. fat, % cup of brown sugar, 1 tsp. cinnamon, weli creamed. Roli the dough like a jeiiy roil and cut into slices about an inch' thick. Place in greased muffin tins and let rise. Bake in hot ov- en for ten minutes. Do try to serve immediateiy. Note: At this time of year, one shouid take particular care to see that ail cooking materials are warm, also the ingredients. No drafts should reach the sponge when it is rising, or, in fact, at any time. A littie care makes al the difference in the quality of the finished product. e