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THE CANADIAN STATIOMAN, BOWMM<XLLE, ONTAIUO - AGE. TWO Estabfshel 1854 AN INDEPENDENT NEWSPAPER With whlcb are Incorporated The Bowmanville News, The Newcastle Independent, and The Orono News. 85 years continuons service to the Town of Dowmanville and Durham County. ~~ Member cf theO. Audit Bureau 0f circulations SUDSCRIPTION RATES 3.0a year, strlctl7 in adytuce. $2.50 a 'Year in the United States. GEO. W. JAMES, Editor. - THURsDAy, APRIL 10, 1941 Winter's Dust April 's warm sun stirs up pungent simeils *from winter 's debris accuinuiated in grilled and rccesscd windows. It la the fainiliar smell of spring i towns that move slowly, in the direction of cleanup. .AMd pril's sharp gusts of wind stir up this debria and the accumulated sand and dirt that have been ice-locked in wintcr, and whip it across the faces of those who, pay the taxes. We niiss Tommny Ross and his annual spring cleanup campaigfl. We sec that the Christmas tree still elings to.tii, post i front of the, Bank of Moutreal. It's day la almost donc. Rusa Candier haa taken up the duck-boards at the Post 0f- lice and bas ever3tiing spick and span. Dick Hail, with the. patience and determination that has carried hiiu througii the winter to provide a rink at the plublic sehool, has now removcd the boards and grass la sprouting. Here and tiiere are to b. found the brigiit spots i twn housecleaning and here and there some cyeaorea. Wiiat la necded lsaa good rain to flush down the. streta. If we can 't influence the weather, then we simply must get busy, and une home and hyrdanta for two good reasons: Firat from the. health standpoint - to settie thia stifling, germ- laden dust. Second: to maintain the name of Bowmanviile as one of the cleaneat towns i Canada. We have 4 or 5 nurseries around the town that at ail seasons enhance the town 's attractivenesa; the. trees wml soon be bud- ding; daya are sc.ampering by-a-o let's dig i and dlean up. And before w, hold the traffic-light inaugural, why flot fix up the signs at thte approaches ta the town. Eitiier paint 'em up or remove Y'em altogether! Globe& Mail and Mige Macphaii Miss -AgneaRO:Maephail, Ex-M.P., be- cames, this week, a feature columnist on The. Globè and Mail. Three tinmes a week on page 1, second section,- she will have a frsee hand as the champion af embattled farmers. Miss Macphail's ioneyed words ta the, Hou., J. G. Gardiner, Minister of Agriculture, now appear in the, columu still smouldering Inom the blue vitrol of Judith Robinson.- This capable acquisition ta contemporary journalism, wjiile not alto gether a surprise alang editor's alley, is good news for The Globe 'and Mail, good news for farniers, good news fer the, general publie, but bad niews for Ottawa. The politicians, swaggen- ing with powen, ought long aga ta hÉve made a place in our war effort for the abuhi- ties ai Miss Macphail. Now they may expect short shift for their siiotcomings on policy. Tiie Globe and Mail dlaims traditional friendsiip and spokesmansiiip for agricul- ture and pledges "ail-out" editorial sup- port. W, are somewhat dubibus about tue MLail end af it, but aur knowlcdge encam- passes the, iistary af how George Brown championed Agriculture as a Globe feature and sunk hard-won dollars i model-farm and pedigneed stock experiments ta prove bis preachmennts. Tii. Globe'sedaim has some menit. Tii. Statesman congratulates bath Th,- Globe and Mail and Miss Maephail, and will follow along ready witii praise or criticism as we feel the case warrants. The anly com- ment deemed germane at the moment is this: " Reinenber tiiere are places in Canada other than Ontario and no matter wiiat the paper, wha the columniat, nor iiow the state of the nation,-tiie all encampassing view will b. the. enduring view." Bath Miss Macpliail and Tii. Globe and Mail have an opportunity they may not I ully appreciate at the moment. Bacon Scarclty Bon. James Garfield. Gardiner, Federal 4WXpioterof IAgriulture, was' the. bene- ofa aster gift from overseas. It I ýw,«Uho termed an East.r bonnet for ëuý -ita pull tire, ralibita out of r h ".~ t wbArewith ta confound Bruce Me- eÜv n d'1w,*" Blkard and otii.r M.P.'s oro4 loos~e Iran Liberal nanks ra "clause. ~ ~ Qerdji'v*w. quick ta announce the. iIt~ô£< Ubter receas and no dauibt Hs ansard olten par- où tinht insurrection is -#à à1. e wiÙômced completion of ~2,-W. zqot4$OU whch give Can- haeei"' rutw#h Britain ia r e~* lurease next et of, Bftaln ta ln- bg.ý*ObDts ta e i i k,? Over a yean ago Hitler, speaking openly, made ii boast tuat h. could capture the U.S.A. avenight--simply by giving orders aven the, long-distance telephone. Few paid much attention ta it but nost everyone was made awane, througii the press, that it was 5th columu- warning. Tii. country generally, thoughinl full sympatiiy with Britain, was need more coarse grains than ever" (or worda to that effet)--and that was On- tario members"- complaint: I'Don't bonus coarse grain." To anyone objectively viewing t1je Ottawa scene thraugh the pages o a Hrd, there cannot fail a feeling of utter futility. The great majority appear to be opportunists and merely casual thinkrer-as we shal at- tempt to show from week to week in oui, coluxnns.e Ail of these flurricasend flutters and head- lined announcements, if sifted and asaessed, wil be found, in the, main to be amoke- screens ta cover siiorteominge or footiiolds for politicians-mere pallatives to putty up the. cracks i the hastily assembled skeleton cailed "The (Iovernment 's Agricultural Policy."' Farmers meeting tiiese days for diseus- sians ta stimulate their Féderation, would do well to diseuse these Ottawa speeches and reseses and determine for tiiernacves just how mucli meat there is lu thpm. The Functions of the Press This is anc of a series of editoriala speciafly designed ta acquaint Statcsmàn readers wlth the variaus functions of thc presin a dema- cratic camniunity. EDITORIAL NO. 2 The Freedom of the Press Great men of history wiio have left us the legacy of demiocratic government ail secm to have been of one mind, that the preserva- tion of frcedom depended ta a large degree on the preservation of the. freedom of the press. That la wiiy in ail truly democratie states a free press la more than just a tra- dition-it la an essential principle af de- mocracy. On. of the prerequlaites af an autacracy la the, abrogation of the. freedom of the. press, because 'this freedom has essentially, througii the centuries, shown itscif ta b, anc of great farces whicii has seen ta it that the. freedom of the. individual has been preý- served. When freedom of the p r e s s la abolished, other freedams -go with it. There is littie need at this time to stress that point. There are sa many painguant and tragie examplea in the world today of a subservient press, that it muet b. obviaus ta any intelligent persan tint the. freedom af tiie presla synonymous with the freedom wieiiclademacracy. There have always been tiiose, wiio, oten for reasons af personal aggrandisement or lust for power, would rob the. preas of thii precious jewel in ti.ecrowu of liberty. There haye been otiers *ho cry out for personal lfreedom af eXpression, but who would deny this rigiit ta the, press. It lias been elaimed that this freedoin eau become license, but this la one af thase half-truths wiih un- thinking -people are likely ta accept at ita face value. Aetually the press enjays a freedom wiih -'ives it no privilege above the. individual. It muet conform ta the laws of the, stite. Its freedom is bound by the laws af libel and 31ander. It certainly offers no greater op- portunity for defaming any persan or in- stitution, than does the, iniierent riglit of fre, speech witii whicii cvery citizen is en- downed as a birthright. Abraham Lincoln in 'a debate on the constitution once said: "The liberty af thc press la the. tyrant 's scourge; it is the, truc friend and the sup- remest supporter of civil' liberty." Tiie prin- ciple af freedom of the, press, as. it exista today, la the, result of a long and bitter struggle between those wiia believed . in civil rights and constitutcd. autiiority, and thdse wiio feared the. exercise af these rigiits. It la significaut that the. first amendmnent ta the Biull of Rights af the, American Con- stitution, adopted in 1791, la one that relates to the freedom af the. press. It reads: "Con- gress shail make no law respecting the es- tablishiment of religion, or the, prahibition af the, free exercise tiiereof; or abridging the. freedom ôl speech, or af thie press; or the rigiit of the. people peaceably to assemble and ta petition the, governnient for a redres of grievances." Tiie very warding ai tuas amendinent places freedom af the press on the sanme level, and of equal im.port with remote from the. confliot, ýnd more amused than indignant. Eventa have led 'ré1tlessly up ta the. point wiiere today leati' in the. United States have daily - yeli,ýàlrost haurly re- minders of Hitler'sa fote1varning. Striiies niota, sabotage, bloodshé. pr breakinig out widely and flaring 111e'lhcendiary bombs. It almost seema that Mi b las been using the. long-distance phono iei--, thig is far more serious thau the "±tssive news atonies convey. Imniediately the lend-leàse bill was sign- ed, strike action flared voýdely lu scores af key and allied industries ; the, resuit - bil- lions in plant, machine-têola, raw matenials aud mau-power ar e tied-up, immobillzed, rusting, useless. Credit Elter witii tus tie- up if yau like tue point lathat if this keeps Up ther, wan t be either lendngo leasing. But there M'igiit be a lot of blodied. Tii, serious ting la tôë find ways and means immediately ta get'ack ta fuM pro- duction with complet. balony. Tii, U.S.A. has been, witii ail its , bbasted, efficiency, peculiarly inept. lu working out warkable labor and stnike legislation. Tiie test la upon tiiem now lu a way that Xneans finality. It sems ominous. Canada, as an example, may offer soute suggestions. ln the, matter ta bath legisiatars and industriiesailuthe. U.S.A. The worker's ights are, lu worker's handa tuis very hour. I like to see a man proud of the, place lun whicii h. lives. I 1ke ta sec a man live s0 that uis place will be proud af hum. Be han- est but iiatc no one; overturn a man 's wrongdoing but do not oventunn hlm unless it must b, done in the overturning of the wrong.-Abraham Lincoln, 1die Hends Idle handa these days-or at any time are a national liabiity. Idle hands are untrain- ed hands-and untrained hands are uselesa in industry, agriculture or related en- deavors. Ail of whicii leada up ta the. mb- jeet af manual training in achools. That's where the, plan ought ta, begin and gradua- tion in any manual arts would follow naturally (under mo~dern developments af enterpnise) once graduiated front sehools., Our observatione bing. upon the, display at the. public achool on Tuesday. It was "Open Hanse" mad examples of handicrats could not but impresa any 9baerver tiiat the aptitude and manifest enthusiasm portnay- ed lu finished pioces fashioned by tiny hands, siiouild bc captured and encaouraged anud directed inta channels useful bath ta in- divfidual and nation. But the point is, it takes money ta buy equipinent and. matenialis 'and possibly, a trained personnel. Yes, it costa mQneyl But it la not econamy. It la direct and dire dis- regard af the greatest asset af this or any otiier land-youth I The aid ecanom.ic tiink- ing afI'"what's good enaugli for pa is gaod enoligii for Johnnie "la autmaded at our present tempo. Sa, knowing tiiat grants lu aid are avail- able; knawing tint lu tues. 'cantinuing .cars af warfare, tnained hiands are neeaed; hat aten tue war trained hands equally will 'b, needed, and kuowlng, ~finally, we, have a duty as citizens governing tenýporar- l'y, ta look into the. future on beiialf af ta- day 's yauth-tii.n, therefore, let us mea- sure oVr penny-pincblng and take a load off aur consciences. * Expert wasb *Grealng job 1.0w PRiomS . IGH QUALITTWOBK hooGARTON'S GARAGE, I Once upon a tizne a meeting ed by tii he uht ness of lits was scheduled' ta begin at a de- audience andgave lits spéte -finite Urne. Nabody but the speak- promptly and conipletely ta the er and one member aoftthe usa- one member who lstened ln rapt eiatiôn were present. The spegk- and salitary awe. - New Jersey er, however, refusçd ta be insuit- News Letter. v At Your Service.. Drivenusudtthe - smvios and ourtoMi treatmen yu r étlodeta t Wa3er1 Ohuok tires. PoIlsh windows. Oeki.Bi fa youlU 11k. the. quality work and fleU atniosphere. i 6NTARIO INTER-DJPARTMENTAI. CON MITTEE- LABOUR - AIBICULTURE. - EDUCATION. AND DEPARTMENT 0F LABOUR. OTTAWA Fp:lqr * NÉoter tune up * Plats fixed * 011 refilled - TURSDAY, lb, 1941