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WAWWMM£i¥* M'Rmmi~-~-----~~lll.m'!l~~l~Q'A!l!l~~"'~'~2~1Mf'r;a;~~s.~~~~m~~~~~'.'.!®11l1am~~"'~-~~llllil!!Hlllll'~~~~a~m~oo~m~~~·~l·'~~~~~·~w~!l!!!fl!!MT1l1~~~-~U~4--~~~~~~~~~-~TM~~~~~·~-!':!"'!:"~illlllllii~~"~·~-!!~~~~~~~~~~~~-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~auadiau ~hdtcSU\lU. fu~~~t~~~:.ddition to our present business I . FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 8, 1884. Queen Elizabeth of Roumania is, a pamter of 11ome repute, and writes as well as a newspaper reporter. -""_ Senator Sau,lsbury is called the Lone Star of the Senate because he is the only rnembet of that body who has never been rnanied. Out west the cellar is the place to go in time of cyclones, and when a man has a barrel of cider in the cellar it's surprising how many times a day he thinks there's a cyclone coming. Tlilomas Nast, as the Boston Transcript learns, still "sends his . sketches to the Harpers every week and they are pigeonholed by Mr. Curtis, while Harpers pay him under contnct $10,000 a year for life." The Empress of Austria his order~d that her stables in England be dismM,Utled, as her physician has forbidden her to hunt. The Empress is now devoting herself to literary work, poetry being her specialty. She has started a printing press at the Imperial paface at Go dollo. It is reported that petroleum is beiug found in large quantities in Russi&. One well is said to be yielding from 7, 000 to 8,000 barrels a day. This is ahead of any thing Canada could boast of in its most oily da;vs. The news has travellod a long way, however, and probably, like moat long stories, it has grown a good deal on the way. The women of England are waking up to their privileges. In Oxford, at the approach of the municipal election, the ladies summoned a meeting of the women voters. Mrs. Prof. Max Muller was the chairm:m, and the wife of an alderman S0 made an able and eloquent speech. says the Pall Mall Gazette, which ap· pro~s of it too. During the past few years a large number of medical "quacks" and "humbugs," as the actual orthodox M. D's. delight to term them, have made fortunes simply by their skill in advertising, while a large number of men of rare scientific acquirements nave been always in the background simply for their lack of advertis-' mg enterprise. "A word to the wise,' etc., etc. There are evidently some pretty smart negroes in the United States as well as smart Yankees. Tne last one reported got wealthy by his keenness in buying a strip of land along side of some aristo · cratic residence, where he was sure. to build the worst looking cabin the darkey could think of. The rich neighbor was sure to buy off such an eyesore at almost any price, and so the real estate transactions went on with very handsome margins of profits. The W<>rld prints a list of New York widows and single women whose united wealthisabout$123,000,000. The wealthiest are: Mrs.A. T. Stewart,$10,000,000; Mrs. E. D. Morgan, $5,000,000; Mrs. Marshall 0. Roberts, $5,000,000 ; Mrs. Edwin Stevens, $7,00Q,.000 ; Mrs. Paran Stevens, $3,000,000; Mrs. Moses Taylor, $6,000,000; Mrs. Cornelius Vanderbilt, $5,000,000; Mrs. James Brown $3,000,The richest unmarried lady is 800. Catherine Wolfe, $2,000,000, who also leads"the list in noble and unostentatious charities. ' The number of suicides from year to year appears to increase at an alarming rate. Wh<tt a multitude of ~eople there are in the world to whom life appears to be a buu.hm : L11~t ye,ir in the United States 810 suicides were reported, more than one-fourth of which-204--occurred in New York. It is not at all probable that anything like the actual numper of self-murders that occurred in the country were ever reported as such, if reported at all. How is it , that life becomes more and more a burden to its possessors 1 Surely our boasted civilization, bringing so many additional blessings to some, cannot be bringing so much additional mise:cy to so many others ? Alexander Dumas was one day the guest of Dr. Gistal, a leading practitioner in Marseilles. After dinner, while t).ie coffee was being handed round, the host r equested the great novelist to enrich his album with one of his witty improvisations. "Certainly," replied Dumas, with a smile, and drawing out his pencil he wrote, under the eyes of his entertainer, the following lines : Sinee Dr. Gistal came to our town 'l'o cure diseases casual and "hereditary-, The hospital has been pulled down" Y:_op. :flatterer !" here exclaimed the doctor, ightily pleased ; but the poet wentonAnd we have made a l~r ge oemetery. Holloway, the great London pill man, is dead, leaving behind him a fortune of millions. His patent medicines were probably as good as, but no better than, those corn pounded by thousl).nds of others whose business it is to prepare healing remedies, but Holloway succeeded in amassing a great fortune, while many <;>thers with superior medical knowledge have barely managed to live. His fortune h e proliably owed more to printers' ink than to the superior value of his pills. He advertised princely, and whatever real or imaginary virtues there were in his medicines ~was ma.de known to the world, by the best medium of communication- the advertismg columns of the family newspapers. It is reported that the Kingston Locomotive Works Company intend to ext(\lnd , their business by engaging in the manufacture of composite ships. If such a bralllch of business ca11 be successfully established in Canada it would prove a very great benefit to us. The Kingston Company is a strong and energetic one, and it is probable that it would be as success· ful as any other in such an important experiment. It is evident, however·, that not rruch of the actual manufacture of iron ships can yet be done in Canada. "'We have abundance of iron ore, but in the absence of any iron smelting works or eveit;'Ql fair prospects of their estab· lishment, not much more can be expected here than the mere puttil'lg together of materials actually manufactured somewhere else. The doing of even this much -0n anything likea large scale would prove In both Germany and Fmnce, pork from the United Btates is pracwally forbidden admission. 'l'he ostensible reason is that lJmted States pork 1s mfected with disease, and is not therefore fit for human Oui· Y(~nk.ee friends, however, food, n.ssert that this is a mere pretext to keep out their competition, and that no actual reasoq exists for any such restrwtjona. 11 The cry is now being raised at W'l.shington in favor of strong retaliatory measures being adopted. Nearly the only chance of retaliation lies in prohibiting the importation of wines, brandy and beer from the two trans-Atlantic countries. If such a 'system of retaliation woulci have the effect< of materially diminishing the consumption of _ these kinds of strong drink, good might ultimately come out the preiieut " unpleasau tness." The fact is, that in tha U uited States the system of home protection adopted has so much tended to annoy and restrict all impor(,atiorni of foreign manufactures and ' produce, th:i,t it is no wondor other nations be:ndes Germany and France a:ce resolved to discrnmnate agam Amer1 can prod,uot1on,s. Some one luui been wisely remarking that arwusements should be provided for the poor as 'Well as food. There is qo doubt a very grnat deal of 11ound wisdom in that sa:rmg Man's intellectual and social wants must be supplied as well as his animJ.l needs. In many instances if healthy and mnocent amusements for Hile hours were properly supplied there would be less urgent demaucl for food supplies than there now is. Many a poor fellow no1v goes to the bar-room as the only place of amusement or recreation available and there his money is spent that might otherwise procure the necessary food. It would be, therefore, an economical thing as well as a humane thing to make liberal provision for this greal, vraQt in our nature. As it is those who have plenty of money at their control are plentifully supplied with places, and means of amusement and recreation, but it is quite otherwise with the really poor, and especially so as regards the women and children. Nearly all places of amusements, even those nominally free, are too genteel both for their tastes and for their personal presence. What with the skill of lawyers in too often cheating the gallows of its just due, and the tardiness of the courts in the administration of justice it is to be feared that the present system of punishment for murder does not exercise such a salutary influewlo on many concerned as it actually should. 'fhe remark bolds especially good m reference to £Ae United States. It seems now to be a well understood fact across the border, that almost any murderer, no matter how clear his case may be, can manage to stave off execution at least a year, if he or his friends can only command money enough to keep the lawyers at work. Clever lawyers may be very convenient to one who unfortunately gets into a tight place, but in many instances they are too successful in their stratagems t.serve well the ends of justice. In 1883 there were 1,404 murders heard of and but 1051egal executions. 'fhese jigures show that about nine out of every ten escaped execution, alld probably in more than one half the entire number of cases the guilty one escaped altogether. It appears that in 62 cases at least Vigilance Committees took the law into their own hands and hung some one, whether they alwa,ys happened on the right man or not. It is not much to be wondered at, under the circumstances, that the~·e were 614 murders rno1e last year in the great Republic than durmg the year before. Under the present loose system of administeriI'g justice, it is quite probable there will continue to be a yearly increase of the brutal crime. INDIAN DUELS. How tile Rec ~avage11 Se".:tl.e ;l 'Ihelr men MAN'S ROMANCE. D1mau1t1es. The Erorly LovP, t"ourtahtp and M11rrlage of John Jacol> Astor . ____ .................... _____ Zobehr Pasha. The Cairo correspondent of the London Sta11uimrd says :- "A curious and almost comical illustration of the kind of confidence placed by the Egyptian Government in the servants it employs is furnished by the case of Zobehr Pasha. After havmg been virtually a state prisoner, with a certam amount of freedom for the past ten years, he has, since the late crisis, and after some hesitation been appointed to the command of the black contingent of the Soudan expeditionary force. With characteristic caution however, his wife and family were to have been detained at Cairo, to serve in some sort as hostages to insure his good beh:i.vior ; much as he himself was formerly kept as a guarantee for his son. A few days ago it was discovered that he had sent off his wife secretly to Suakim. As soon as this discovery was made Zobehr He was again set at was arrested. liberty, but is, I believe, still under surveillance. If under these circumstances he should eventually take the command to which he has been nominated, the government can hardly be surprised at any subs~qucnt act of treachery. Inded, they will a most have il).vited be·rayal. This is but an individual and typical instance of the mariner in which all the tribes of the Soudan have been alienated by a policy of alternate bribery and force- of rash confidence tempered by irritating mistrust." Sharper Than a Razor. A long-waisted man, with the nose of a fox, and an eye full of speculation, walk~d up to a second-hand clothier in Buffalo the other day, and said : " See that overcoat hanging down there 1" "· " Of course./ "Well, I 've taken a fancy to it. It is rather cheeky to ask you to go down, but I'll make it an object. I won't give but eight dollars for the coat, but I'll give you one dollar to buy it for me. You are also a Jew, and know how to beat him down. Here are nine dollars." The dealer took the money and llta,rted off, and five minutes was back with the coat. "Goo chuckled the other. " I reckoned you'd l ay him out. How much did you make for your share r " Vhell ash dot is my branch store, and I only ask six dollars fur de coat, I was about tree dollar ahead. "- Wall Street Daily N ws. d Among 1many tnbes of American InThe f rowns of a stepmother, it appears, iansduel ing exists according to a fashion indirectly laid the foundation for t.he mileJ1tirely their 0W11. With many tribes it The originfll John 18 necessary that both the combatants hons of the Astors. pellsh in all cases, thus: A member feels Jacob Astor was born in the village of offondecl, and demands a combat; the day Waldorf, on the banks of the Rhine, in is fix.ed and the tribe assemble ; the 1763. His father was a butcher. He champions advance, the offended man forced his sons William and Jacob to work armed with a rifle or shot-gun and the from morning until night while ll.e enjoyoff"'nder unarmed, the one without arms ed lumself with his neighbors at the tavuncovers his breast and receives the ern. The mother of the Astor boys died missle of death, and the other, while the while they were young. The father maroffender is weltering in his blood, presents ried agaiI1 and the motherless boys for his weapon to some relative or friend of several years passed through a siege of his dying adversary, retreats a certain terror. John Jacob, the eldest, seerus to number of paces, points with his finger h~ve receive_d more than his share of t he to the place whore his heart is seated, tri~ls. During th_e day he would go from and receives the mortal wound. I dovr.to door with a heavy basket of meat Tlus mode does not prevail among on lus shoulder, und w~1e11 mght c11me _he either the Choctaws or the Cherokees would prefer t he soft side of a plank with who fight then· duels generally according the ~1orses rather. than to br~ve the scowls to the "co.de;" or, at least, like many 0~ lus stepmother. , At t~ie «g? of 16 he "pale-faces" whom they have seen fall bid good'!:>ye to lus n_at1ve village_, .and upon the "field of honor." And the started out .to better his fortune. Six~een author is reminded, in this connection, years l~ter uhe boy who ~ad been driven that in July, 1883, Carpenter, the cele- from his home <;m the Rhme had accumubrated Choct.aw chief, fought a fatal duel late~ $250,00? m honest money. In 1848 near Pine Creek Indian agency (Arkan- he di~d~ leavmg $20,000_,000. The two sas), with a white man named Price. It generations of ..;\stors w~ich f~llowed mseems that the two men got into a quarrel creased and enJoyed thlll mammoth forabout some trivial matter, when Price tune. called Carpenter a liar; whereupon the . Mr. John Jacob Astor of to-daJ'., who enraged chief, after looking calmly into is about to c.elebrate the e'.'acuation of Price's face exclaimed: "Your heart's I Holland by his grar.dfather, is a man of blood sir ~hall w~sh out this insult!" fine and polished manners, of a retiring "My blood is yours, sir, when you have nature, devo_t~ng his time chiefly .to socithe power to take it !" responded Price, ety and chari~ies. He was ~orn m 1823. "and I will give you the opportunity Thehomeoflusparents, thenmthesuburbs right here and now!" "No sir, not of New York, was surroundeci by green now," said the chief, coldly; "but you fi_elds and st~tely trees: After that pormust meet me at this spot to-morrow, t~on of the. city '~as built up the old manwithout fail." "I'm your man, my friend, sion. remamed mtact . at Broadway and and don't you forget it. I'll meet you Vvhit~ st reet. Later it ~ave place to a to-morrow, with the good friend I alway11 magmficent structure, which wa~ erected carry in my hip pocket, and any moment as a monument to mark the location of ~he you name-when shall we meet 1-make Astor homestead. it early, for I have ,.,n engagement at the Young Astor was born and raised in agency in the afternoon." "When the luxury, receiving every advantage of a sun shines above the top of yon trees," moral and intellectual education. His responded Carpenter, pointing to a wild early days were spent at the magnificent plum, as he spoke; "at that hour stand country seat at Rhinebeck, on the Hudyou here and you will see me." Then son, which was after the English style. A they separated. The report of the family chapel on the borders of the estate quarrel and proposed duel spread far and was used as a school, which was aup.-11 1wide, and before sunrise the following tended by a prof~ssor of high degree, and morning a large crowd had gathered up- at which the children of their neighbors on the spot to witness the strange en- commingled with John Jacob .Astor in the counter. Price arrived first on the field. pursuit of knowledge. John Jacob in his He was quickly followed by Carpenter, boyhood was of a reserved demeanor and who appeared just as the sun rose above retiring disposition, very diffident in sothe tree-tops and illumined the open ciety, and showed to poor advantage the upon which Price stood. Both men thorough educatiQn of wliieh as poss years passed, however, this drew their pistols. Not a word was sessed. spoken. Raising their weapons they gradually disappeared, only to return, fired almost simultaneously. Carpenter however, with his first love. Thomas Gibbs was a southerner who reeled, but, rallying, both fired agam. This time Price dropped dead in his had made an ample fortune in land spectracks. The crowd pressed forward with ulations in South Carolina and had brought a wild shout, As they did so the chief his family to New York to enjoy the ease fell on the ground senseless. A bullet and comforts the large metropolis affordhad entered his breast ; blood gushed ed. Mr. Gibbs and the father of young from his mouth, and he was thought to John soon became acquainted through be dying. Price had been shot through business transactions. The intimacy ripthe heart. Chief Carpenter was a splendid ened to social inl;ercourse, and John specimen of Indian manhood. He was Jacob and his brother, William B., were tall and straight and comely. He was introduced to the Gibbs household, where well educated and had natural talents they became acquainted.. with the fair which placed him ' head and shoulders daughter of their host, a maiden of the over all his Indian associates.-Alta Gal- southern type of beauty, just ripening ifornia. into womanhood. Miss Augusta Gibbs was of a noble character, talented and PLEASANTRIES. dignified, in every way worthy of the consideration and love of an Astor. John J olmny came home from school the Jacob learned to love the fair southern' other day very much excited. "What do maiden, and a romantic courtship followyou think, pa 1 Joe Stewart, one of the ed. The young girl, with her parents, big boys, had an argument with the were frequent visitors to the Astor counteacher about a question in grammar." try seat on the Hudson. Here the young "What position did Joe take 1" "His couple, seated m the shady bowers of the last position was across a chair, face vast park, or strolling arm-in-arm along the broad beach of the Hndson by moondown. Young Yeast declares that he has been light, plighted their t roth and laid plans importuning his boarding-house mistress for their future happiness. In the social for the last six months to have a pitcher circles in this city young Astor and his of ice-water in his room, but it was not betrothed were known as a singularly till the first cold snap Lhat she accommo- modest and dignified couple, who would dated him. Now, he says, he finds it on have attracted little notice had it not his washstand every morning. been for the great wealth of Mr. Astor's There was a young man out in Arizona family. The wedding which followed was one of who once declined a pressing invitation to favor a select company with a song. the grand social events of t he day, and "Oh, really, you must excuse me," he after an extensive tour the happy couple said. "I tell you I t:an't sing. I don't returned to the Astor country seat on the come of a singing family. Why, there Hudson, where the event was ao-ain celewas my old father ; he used to try 'Old brated by a family gathering a~d recep· Hundred,' but he had so little ear for tion after the English custom. Withm music that he never got n.ore than ninety tl~e year fol~owing the happy marriage of out of the tune. " The his son, Wilham B. Astor died. Scene, postoffice in Rome, Elderly large estate, estimated at $40,000,000, was party wishes to r egister a letter. Elderly divided between the widow and her two party: I want this letter registered . sons. Mr. J. J. Astor and his wife rose rapidClerk : Si, signor- il speditore, signor. E. P. : Yes, I'm an American, and I wish ly in social splendor, and soon became you'd register that letter. Clerk : Ma il leaders of New York society. Both despeditore, signor, la noma (in despair). voted much of their time to charitable Jones (who has overheard the conversa- purposes, and it is said that soon after tion: f.Ce wants your name. E P. O! their marriage the charitable donations of (gives hame and turns with a sweet smile Mr. Astor and his wife amou~ted to upto Jones), they labor under a great dis- ward of $100, 000 annually. Shortly after advantage here, t hey don't understand the death of the senior Astor a beautiful baby boy was bom to the new household, our language." "I'd like you to r etum my saw." said who in after life received the entli'e affeca carpenter to a colored man. "Has I tions and devotions of the fond parents. got yer saw ?" "I suppose so, for you bor- This, their only child, gradually grew to rowed 'it." "An' ain't I dun fotch it be a man of noble character, and was at an early age sought to fill one of the b~ck ?" "No, you haven't ." "Wall, I tell yer, I horrid dat saw for de s'preme highest representative posiLions of the nacor't knocked de socks offen de cibil tion. Mr. Astor at the age of 61 continues to rigl).ts bill. De law ez it stan's now, says dat a white man ain't got no moah rights visit his business office daily and superindan a nigger, m fact, dat da's jes' de tends the control of his vast estate, while same, habbin' right fur right." "That his wife, several years his junior, finds has nothing to do with m y saw." "De time to visit daily the half dozen or more mischief it don't t Yer had a right to charitable institutions which she has aslen' it, didn't yer ?" "Of course I had." sisted in organizing and supporting for "Yas, wall, dat's one right, an' I has upward of a score of years. Socially, Mr. a right to keep it, dat's anuder right. J ohn Jacob Astor and the once diffident Good-day, sah. Wheneber yer want ter and reserved southern belle take the lead. discuss de con'stution o' de country, The broad halls of their spacious mansion on Fifth avenue are thrown open twice a blow yer ho'n an' I'll be dar." week regula-rly to the elite of New York society, and a sumptuous repast is serv0d. They Saw it Alt The old family mansion and spacious Taylor, the wizard, got a $90 house in grounds on the Hudson, around which Paso del N 9rte, and then said that he many fond memories are entwined, still would show t he assemblage a trick that remains a summer resort for the aged would open their eyes, termed "The couple, and in the warmer months serves Mystic Man, or the Disappearance." He as a r efreslung and quiet retreat, where brought out a large box and said :-"l they a.re refreshed by the fond recollecwill now shut myself up in this box ; the tions of earlier days.- New York JO'Ur· trick is to find me." Five minutes later nal. everybody knew that he had escaped from the rear with. the receipts of t he evening, The ceremony of translating tae reand a coat belonging to an employe of the mains of the late King Victor Emmanuel theatre, from their temporary burying plaue to !lhe chapel on the Pantheon took place re.;_~---~~ --~~ cently. Always behind hand :- The wrist. .Ame1ica11 Shipping. England's supremacy on the sea has long been t he boa.st of · its people, and now appears to be better assured than ever before. Years ago the Umted States ship building interests grew m'(Jiclly and became strong, and many confidently predicted that England must fall behind m the race. The days of wood built sailing ships are about gone, however, and the prospects of American shipping sue~ cess appear to have gone with them. A very large proportion of all the iron ships of the world is built in either Scotland or England. While ship buildmg on the Clyde is reported to have oeen fairly successful during the past year, the amount of business done elsewhere has been comparatively light. So far as the United States is concerned its shippinf;, both commercial and military, seems fast disappearing entirely. The statement has been going the rounds of the press for some time past , and it is probably correct, that of the fifty-nine million bushels of American wheat exported from K ow York during last year, only about one quarter of a million bushels was sent away in an American ship. It is becoming a confident prediction with some leading American politicians that before many years an American 'mercantile ship will hardly be afloat for trans.Atlantic trade. In regard to the United States war ships things are. about as bad. It appears to be now a well admitted fact that the American navy, as a whole, would be about worthless in case of a foreign war. The ships have decreased in number as wel! in quality, and afewofthem appearto be unfit to go to sea even in time of peace, and to expose men in them to a well equipped enemy, would be an injustice. It would now require so many millions of dollars to restore a few of the old ships to a state of efficiency and to builcl the necessary number of new ones for an efficient navy that no party appears willing to seriously make such a proposal, The nation would probably not consent to the expense. This state of things may be well for the world, however, as it is an additional guarantee of general peace. So long as the United States is without an adequate navy, it is not at all probable that the nation will care to engage in any international difficulty. The fact, too, that the business interests of the United States have become so largely dependent on the ships of other countries is also one of the best possible guarantees that the nation will remain at peace with others. Those interests are such now that a war, especiallywith-~g land, would be most disastrpus- to the -pea,ceful interests of the agriculture and commerce of the entire country. The causes of this great falling off in the Un~d.fila,te.s shipping interests appear quite-evident. '!'hough the demand for wooden built shiP-S has largely gone it ,is well enough known t~ there is in the country such an abundance f iron and coal th11;t the raw materials or hujlding iron ships is abundant enough, and 'the natural facilities are everywhere good. The American syst em of protection, intended as it is, to keep up the price of labor, and the price of nearly every home manufact ured article, tells directly against the shipping business. It is not possible to extend any adequate sy.item of home protection for ships in an mttirnational trade. They must come in uue..:t competition with t4ose pf othe1· .. vuntdes, 11.nd of course under the present sys~em they must fail to compete successfully. Scores of proposals are being made to meet the case of the ship-building interests, but so far none of these likely to meet the actual needs of the case will probably be adopted, as to ad.opt almost any of them would be to cast over the policy demanded by nearly every other manufacturing interest of the country. It may here be remarked, too, t hat France has not maintained its former amount of shipping tonnage during the past few years, though it is claimed t hat the shipping tonnage the country now possesses represents a good deal more actual efficiency, as the former sailing vessels are fast giving way to steamers. On the whole, probably France may be about holdmg its own, while England is gradually increasing its comparative strength and the United States is gradually falling out of the ocean shipping trade entirely. Ct now begins to look as though, in the years to come, the United States will furnish Great Britain with a large proportion of its food and much of its raw material, and Britain, on the other hand, will furnish the people of the United States with shipping facilities, if not with ready:made ships also. Confederate Christmas Coffee. It may not be amiss to remember, while cheered by the superabundant bounty of t he Christmas of to-day, how different were the experiences of the halfstarved Oonfederates who had to decide between "long sweetnin' " and "short sweetnin'." It was in East Tennessee that two of "Mr. Longstreet's crittur c<>mpany" sat at the table of an aged hostess. 'l'he coffee pot contained coffee made from persimmqn seed. The ho11tess did the honors. At her right appeared a plate which contained a cake of maple sugar and a bowl of sorghum molasses. She poured out two cups of coffee, and tuming to one of her visitors politely inquired : "Mister, will you take long sweetin' or short sweetin' in yours~" He did not know the difference, and timidly replied: "Short sweetnin', if you please." Thereupon the ancient dame took up the maple sugar, bit off a piece, dropped it from her mouth into the coffee and passed it. With equal gravity and courtesy she arldressed the sa.me inquiry to the other Confederate. He knew what "short sweetnin' " meant, and said with a sweet smile : "Long sweetnin', madam, if you please." She immediately stuck h er forefinger into the bowl of molasses, with that sweetened finger stirred his cup and then passed it. T.HE COl\U~G METAL. Discovery of a Cheap ProoeSB for Mak, tng Aluminum-The Revolntlon tt la Llkeiy to Work in Many Manufactures. Aluminum, with one exception, is the most abundant metal known. The mat erial, alumina or clay, from which it is produced is not confined to any locality or country. It is found everywhere. It. is more than half a century since the eminent German chemist, the late Friederich Wohler, who for fifty years Wall Professor of Medicine and Director of the Chemical Institute at Gottingen, dicovered aluminum and that it could be produced from common clay and from alum, and still it is among the least familiar of metals. Its usui.l price is $20 per pound and until the .nast year it has only been known as "aluminum gold." After many experiments extending over a series of years, its manufacture was abandoned except in one mstanee, by the French, ,who only produced it m inconsiderable quantities. After more than thirty years' labor and at a cost of more than £250,000, the eminent English chemist and metallurgist, James Webster, has discovered a. method of making aluminum by burning or roasting alum, instead of making it i11 the old and tedious way by precipitativn, By the new process it takes only one... twenty-fourth of the time required by the old method and costs less than one-tenth. as much. lnstead of produoing the al" umina powder by the old and slow method. of precipitation, Mr. Webster burns She alum with pitch in a calcining or roasting furnace, prepared expressly for this purpose, the product being a gray ash or powder, in appearance much like the ashes or cinders from an engine furnace, This gray powder, according to all scien· tific authorities, is no more or less than burnt alum. By another process this ash is converted into another product, which contains from eighty-four to ninety-fiTe per cent. of the alum.ma, having left behind i~ several bi-products, which neitrly The alumina pay the cost of working. thus produced is better than that by the old method of precipitation, in that it is much finer in texture and almost entirely> free from silica. The discoverer has been producing 200 pounds of alumina per week for more than a year, the value - of which is £4,000 or £208,000 per annum.. the result of which has been that at the present time a manufactory which covers more than one-half an acre is kept busy mght and day, with orders ready for more than fifteen months' work. The present output is twenty tons of aluminum metal per week. From the results already obtained by the aluminum bronze factory (near Birmingham, England,) it is plainly evident that m a very short time this almost new and peculiar metal, which never oxidizes or corrodes, and which nevei: ~i:-. nishes u!lder any circumstances, to which can be given the color of gold, silver. bronze or purple, and which differs from all other meta.ls in that it is never produced direct from ore, but only by a long and elaborate process, must become an importan f~tor in the manufacture of jewellery ; and not only s0, but that almost every article mad_e from metal, from chor of the the screw-propeller or largest steamship down to the iniest teaspoon, must be manufactul'ed from it, or its alloy or bronze. Th~ o_hid value _of aluminum, at preil.. ent, is m tempermg or giving strength and a surface or body to alloys, bronz· or metals, so that they will not corrode. To copper, tin or zinc it gives such properties as can be obtained by no other means, softening their nature while increasing t heir real hardness and strength, and enabling them to resist all the test.a applied to gold or silver, preserving them horn corrosion and rendering them more ductile and refined, and givieg them a surface and body that withstands the chemical action of the elements. As a result of this new process of making aluminum, all plated goods, nickel or silver, watch cases, cups, saucers, spoons, knives, forks, gun and pistol barrels, pistol handles, gun, harness, carriage and saddle ornaments made of brass, nickel, German silver, bronze or silver, must give way to those made of aluminum or bismuth bronze. Piano-forte wires made from it will vibrate ten seconds longer than the best now in use. The tensile strength of the aluminum or bismuth bronze being the same, only in the latter 1-800th Pt,rli of bismuth is added, had been proved, by repeated tests, to bear a strain of fortytwo tons to the square inch, or fourteen tons more than gun metal, and twelve tons more- than t he best bessemer steel. Whenever and wherever there is need of a metal, and one is demanded that cannot crystallize er corrode under any circumstances, a metal that combines great strength and :flexibliity, it is plain that aluminum must be used. In the t ests already made with propellor-screws, blades, journal bearings, and h eavy artillery made from alummum or bismuth bronze, as agamst those made from the best gun metal, the ship builders decided in favor of the former as the strength was so much greater and the weight so much less, being only one-fourth as great. ........ She Knew Him. Mrs. Slingchin put her head over the fenc~ and thus addressed her neighbor, who was hanging out her week's washing:"A family has moved into the empty house across the way, Mrs. Olothesline." "Yes, I know." "Did you notice their furniture 1" "Not particularly." "Two loads, and I wouldn't give a dollar a load for it. Oarpets ! I wouldn't put 'em down in my kitchen. And the children ! I won't allow mine to associate with 'em, you bet. And the mother I She looks as if she had never known a day's happiness. The father drinks, I expect. Too bad that such people should come into this neighborhood. I wonder who they are !" "I know them." "Do you ~ Well, I declare ~ Who are What lie Learned. "Freddie, did you go to school to. they 1" "The mother is my sister, and the day1" father is the superintendent of the- Sun"Yes'm." day school. " "Did you learn anything new 1" A painful pause ensued. - Some?"!YiUe "Yes'm." JowrrwL "What was it, my boy 1" ~--~~~--~-~~--~ "l got on to a sure way of gettin' out How msny sighs and t ears might he for an hour, by stuffin' red ink up my saved, if kindness of hand, kindness of nose." heart, and kindness of speech were general,