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The Era gives more home news every week than any two other papers In North York combined and Is acknowledged lp be the Leading County Paper NORTH YORK INTELLIGENCER AND ADVERTISER Give me the liberty- to know to utter and to argue freely according to conscience above all other liberty PAGES No paper sent outside of North York unless paid in advance No Single Copies Cents Each Newmarket Ont Friday 8 fc PREPARE FOR THE Season Buckets 10 flaring 10c AP Buckets 10 AP Pans steel 3 AP Spiles steel lc each iron with hook lc AP Pails heavy galvanized Skimmers square or round If You Intend Building a Barn or anything requiring Hardware we- are gre pared to quote y very close prices and also give your orders the attention that we would expect our selves A The best made First prize at all tests See Samples at A BINNS NEWMARKET It Pays to Use Good Material Just one year since we suited business in Newmarket and we made large loaves more this week than we madetho corresponding week a year ago Have us call if you want firstclass Dread and Cakes made by practical m i Try a lb of our Lemon Pie Pilling We keep Oysters that are Oysters and import direct from Baltimore pet annum 5100 If paid in advance STEEL AIR RIFLE AW4 lull fir inttevtrIiLnit7rr terrific ART CO- Box TORONTO locality ticking up show card on road aUo or Err and not 10 icadr rood Kg for fun Unit Ou SOLID GOLD ft lime wishes to Inform the that to Mr that ho hit Iowa Co with all late to and that do Work in Rag CarptJ Send In to Call and gee Twitching Eyelids Indicate eyestrain The slightest hint of It should not be neglected We test eyes free of charge and reeomrnend glasses when absolutely necessary ft I vid lKCt44aitp 0 lU Hz ti Farriers Institute At Good Meeting fast Saturday A very j more value Good pea was held in Newmarket last Sat- I for beets there alter taking sixty and seventy present President grain plow shallow to 3 Mr J A Hopkins the chair inches t0 WMls It was- intended to have a morning hom tQ that may be in the i J smoothly and then spread added new names to the list fieW on in the fall after the weeds have had time to germinate plow deep to inches and if your subsoil is very hard it is better to follow names to the list of a matter of regret new members It is that the farmers in this section do not show more interest in these meet ings There should have been at least a hundred present last Satur day COLD STORAGE Mr Caston of introduc ed the subject Cold Storage by the use of diagrams of what is known as the system the simplest and most effective on the market capable of used by an individual farmer or enlarged to ac commodate several- farmers The idea is to turn what is being wasted into the consumer in good condition and thus enhance the profits of the farm and garden By the use of this with a subsoil plow thus pulverizing the bottom of the furrow- This deep tillage is very important because the beet is thereby enabled to penetrate into the subsoil without much ob struction thus preventing it from growing out of the ground and allow ing it to extract much nourishment from the lower soil The deep plow ing will also give you clean ground Soil on which for- this reason and others sugar beets should not be planted The soil must not he loos ened again by a deep harrowing as this would injure the germination Seeding- The time of planting in alt countries depends largely upon the season it being generally from about May 1st to June or about the season of corn planting in the State of Michigan As it frequently hap pens in this part of Ontario that we is gen- have severe frosts about the middle of May and as the young plants would be injured thereby I would re commend planting from May to June 1st as a general thing for On tario Not less tJmn 16 pounds of seed per acre should be used to secure a good stand under all conditions because should the weather be dry the best- seed will come first and there will be enough for a good- stand on the other hand should a crust formed on the field after a heavy rate the plants will help each other to break through the ground Seeders are made especially for this plant that is left This work should be done directly after a horse cultivation by hunching with a 6inch hoe cutting inches of beets out and leaving a two inch bunch containing from 3 to plants Af ter the beets are bunched the healthi est plant in each bunch is left stand ing the others together with all the weeds being pulled out by hand This operation will leave one plant every eight inches and care should be taken not to disturb the plant left standing by removing the earth from around it Hoeing As the ground will have become packed during the fiffoips in China Shanghai Feb The North China Daily News says that Viceroy has been informed that the former Governor of Whose beheading was demanded by the Ministers for the part he took in the massacre of missionaries was ex ecuted at on Feb African Pretoria Feb packed during the bunching has captured east of Amsterdam and thinning thus preventing large number of cattle bo horses per circulation of air and the young plants moreover will have become weakened by their disturbance and for the further reason that it is cheaper to do then they should he hoed with a six inch hoe not later five days after thinning care Mug taken to cut all weeds close to plant but in such a manner us not tn cut or injure the beets As the purpose seeding tour rows at a time cultivator only loosens and cleans the and dropping the seed continuously ground between the rows the hoe in rows inches apart These drills will plant about acres per day Never plant over of an inch HI wagons and prisoners Gen French has taken fifty more prisoners in addition to a quantity of stock and a number of wagons London Feb The third supple mentary estimate of for the expenses or the war was issued Transport and the purchase of remounts swallow up and provisions and forage cost This brings the total voir In case the plowing his not been done in the fall plow as early in the system last season pears peaches j sprin6 wjl wih out sticking for two reasons 1st OPTICIAN Co WANTED Cble reliable person to company reputation per day absolutely alright no ft HOUSE grapes were shipped from Grims by and landed in Manchester in as perfect condition as the day they were picked Cold storage is closely allied to the Transportation question and has been the means of fostering the Canadian Industries of this Province which arc assuming large proportions A factory in the Bay of district last year re ceived one order for 565000 worth of canned apples Apples can be used for this purpose that arc not good enough for export Decay is caused by a germ The principles of pre servation are low temperature and pure air This question is of so great importance to the fanners that the Ontario Government is offering a bonus of onefifth the cost up to for every cold storage warehouse erected so loni as they are five miles apart A building costing would draw all the bonus that is pos sible By the use such storage and coldstorage cars all the perish able products of Ontario could be shipped to New Ontario and the NorthVest Territories where there a large and growing market as well as to the Old Country Manitoba people will pay from to S3 a barrel for apples in good condition while last year Ontario had thous ands of barrels going to waste That country cant grow apples hut we can It is time something was done to make the railways give the Cana dian farmers rates equal to those ob tained by our competitors across the Hues as the difference in rates is a question of profit SOU CULTIVATION Mr Gee of then intro duced the subject of Soil Cultiva tion He said the field crops of On tario last year amounted to if they can only be in creased per cent it means quite an item He said the soil was at the bottom of success for the fanner and he should pay attention to 1st Drainage 2nd Manuring 3rd Til lage Following points were empha sized Draining lengthens the season as you get on the land earlier and it easier to work In the spring it pays to go over the farm and let the water on with a spade It is safe to draw manure on top of light snow so long as you are sure there will be frost after you put it there Plow manure with as long straw as pos sible Plow clover under instead taking off 2nd crop It pays to sow rape and plow it under Great mistake to plow too deep inches about right Use the roller to pulverize the ground CULTIVATION OF SUGAR Mr lituidy gave an admirable paper on this subject and questions were answered very satisfactorily showing that Mr given the matter very careful study Soil Never select poor land Use the best piece available on your farm for richer better the soil the better the crop The best soil Is so- called sandy loam wlthlay subsoil It is all the better if the loam Is ten to fourteen inches in depth New land should at least two crops before planting it to beets as a higher tonnage of better quality will be the result A little lime ed for the fiscal year up to must perform the work between the odd plants This hoeing should be two London March War Office received the following from Lord deep and that the earth is well may be necessary once or even j Kitchener dated Pretoria March 1 twice after this depending upon the has been forced north over freedom from weeds also upon 0r River and is now clear if thf ground s loose enough to en- able the roots to grow Under or dinary circumstances no work be necessary after to days from packed around the seed The seeders have press wheels attached to them and will make it ready for early packing the earth planting which will help to ensure a secd because by pressing the large tonnage surface the necessary moisture fur- germinating in a dry season is drawn by capillary attraction out the time of planting deeper soil The heavier the soil and definite aafary no Saturday and cause the sootier the weeds are en couraged to grow the more of them can be killed before planting the beets 2nd because land plowed when the weather is cool will retain the moisture much longer than it will if plowed during warm weather In the spring never throw up more than or inches soil that not been stirred before refers only to spring when good loamy land with the requisite sub soil is plowed in the fall it makes no difference how much new soil is turn ed up as the action of the frost in winter pulverizes it After spring plowing harrow smoothly and then leave the ground alone until time to seed in order to allow the weeds to sprout If the previous crop was corn it is very necessary to take the stalks and roots of the ground in order to permit of easy and proper horse cultivation Do not manure in the spring as it does not get suffi ciently well mixed with the soil to assist the young plants in making a rapid early growth but is apt to keep them growing later when they should be making sugar Preparation of Seed Bed Land that has been tallplowed must be harrowed as soon as the soil is dry enough to prevent sticking This will level the ground and assist to hold the moisture in the soil and will also increase the germination the weed c To secure a good crop it is absolutely necessary to kill all the weeds in the ground before seeding Here is where many failures occur and if weeds ate allowed to get a start the cultivation of the crop will Involve much unnecessary and expen sive hand work therefore to prepare a good seedbed I would advise working the soil to inches deep with a spring tooth cultivator or diskharrow once lengthwise and once crosswise as it is necessary to loosen any weeds that may have already Then harrow both Ways to level the soil perfectly and finish killing the weeds After this pack well with a roller tho better the soil is packed after the weeds are killed the better the beet seed will sprout All the above work must be per formed at sl time when the ground Is in good working condition that is not too damp the working of wet soil must be strictly avoided As beet seed requires considerable mois ture to germinate it would also be a great loss to allow the soil during the preparation of the seedbed to dry out therefore In dry weather or in an average season the field should be prepared and seeded the same day This will assist materially In retain ing the moisture In the ground a great feature in raising a crop of any kind and especially so in beet cul ture- To prevent blowing which is very disastrous to the small beet plants and experience has shown us that even the best of soil will blow when worked level and fine which it must the earlier the planting the shallow er must the sowing he in order to prevent the seed from rotting in the ground The deeper the seed is planted especially in heavy soil the weaker the plants will be if they come up at all Therefore avoid deep planting With regard to the quantity of seed per acre it is admitted by all beet growers with whom I have conversed that to produce a crop best in qual ity and quantity it is necessary to give the beets very regular stand in the rows Each beet should have a space of one square foot in which to spread its leaves around itself that the sunshine can influence the whole surface of the beet leaves In planting the rows inches apart we should then bunch or single out inches apart This will give an area of 111 inches or I square loot for each plant In having the beets too far apart they grow loo large and are of a poor quality and as quality largely deter mines the value of the crop it is very essential to cultivate with that end in view Cultivating This work is perform ed with onehorse cultivators which work two or four rows at a time If after sowing a heavy rain should cause a crust to form the light har row is recommend but this only in case the seed has not germinated as otherwise it would be toiler to run the cultivator or over the field following the rows which can he done easily before the heed is up as the marks of the presswheels can plainly followed Where there is a small acreage and plenty of help this work could he better done with the hoe by hand As soon as the beets break through the ground ami the rows can be followed the cultivation must begin the earlier the better not only to destroy the weeds but to loosen the soil which permits the air to penetrate thus forcing the growth of the beet and improving its It is very important to kill the weeds before they lacome rooted This can be done quite easily by cul tivating the field with the horsecul tivator every eight or ten days care being taken to set the knives as close as possible to the rows and never over two inches from the rows while the beets are small As the beets grow older however the knives should be run gradually farther away from the beets and also deeper in the ground until the leaves meet in the centre of the rows by which time the cultivation should be inches deep and should then tease as the beets are then ready to take care of themselves Besides destroying the weeds this repeated cultivation pre Cape Colony Two hundred pris- oners have been taken others who were stragglers being captured Eighty men Kitcheners fighting scouts were attacked by superior staining casualties vest the first planting generally one week earlier as they increase in sugar mostly in September the part of October harvesting with full force should not begin before the middle of October If however the beets are ripe sooner my advice is to harvest them as fall rains may a second growth root which would materially reduce their sugar content The harvesting is done with a twohorse beet puller which loosens the beets but leaves them in the ground After this they have to be pulled- by hand thrown in heaps and topped with a corn knife at the base of the bottom leaf and can then be to the factory or pitted for delivery later offV- General Remarks respect to tare lbs from a and lbs from a car load Always prepare for a drouth Experience in the West for many years has shown that seven tons per acre pays for all work seed rent of land machinery and freight All over that amount is clear profit Our imports last pounds at a value of It would take factories manufacturing lbs to produce it The growth of the industry in Michigan A profitable thing for all concerned when conducted on busi ness principles Determining Prizes Shook- be awarded according to and sugar content with a proper coeffi cient of purity fc On the paid for beets at the Cairo factory in Michigan last namely per ton for per vein beefs Mr Lundy figured the winners beets grown in North York last yea as follows Mr Ashley per ton Mr McDonald 5i Mr Mr and and March I here express the belief that Wet will never be taken alive and that if he is not killed in fight he will commit suicide in the event of find ing himself surrounded as he knows that he is held responsible for the murder of peace envoys and other acts of barbarism The burghers say he has not the least regard for anybody even himself Cape Town March The adjutant of- the Prince of Wales Light Horse who with sixteen of his men were captured by Wet near Zand drift were ordered to be stripped of all their waterbottles fieldglasses etc and were forced to follow the Boers on foot for a lengthy period when released them together Mr Wright Mr Starr and his own at THK BACON This subject was also introduced hy Mr Caston and he appeared to be wellinformed upon it This is our youngest agricultural industry and yet last year it amounted to A few years ago the hog trade was all for home consumption and the lumber camps of the north now per cent of the hogs market ed go to the Old Country Former ly the fatter the hog the better hut now the regulation weight for the best price is from to lbs For this class there is an unlimited de mand and will be for years to come The right kind of a hog to grow was illustrated by a chart showing the prices of the various cuts in vents evaporation from the deeper Farmers must pay attention to soil and secures a good and healthy growth Thinning Out Care should be tak en in doing this part the work as ft Is the most important of all the cultivation and care of the crop It is necessary should be done just at the right time and the soon- be to secure a good crop of beets I the better after that time arrives i would advise running a light harrow over the field after rolling but before seeding This harrow should be very light the teeth of which should not project more than inches below the for the growth and yield of the crop As soon as the beets have lour leaves they should be thinned and should not remain more than eight or ten days without thinning as the roots in the soil Is excellent as beams merely scratching the soil but I will entwine around each other if where lime stone is found is of giving a rough surface which will pre- left longer and purity and consequently of vent blowing except on not only make the dry sandy J work more difficult but be detriment- breeding feeding A cross be tween the Tamworth and Yorkshire is the best The byeproducts of the cow whey and skimmed milk give the best results In feeding finish with mixed grain barley peas and oats To sell best they should be ready in Feb March and July or August Mangolds and sugar beets are excellent for pigs with an officer sixtyfive Yeoman- and tour troops of the KingsV Dragoon forced to march on foot and given little to eat They had to do hours continuous marching thru rain and slush and the officers com plained that they were footsore and exhausted and unable to proceed and finally lay down upon the wet veldt Coleslierg Cape Colony March Fifteen hundred Boers with whom it is alleged were Gen and for mer resident found a spot at Lilliefontein near bridge where the Orange River widens- and the current is slow and they all crossed yesterday both men and horses by swimming A despatch which has ap peared in the London newspapers gives a graphic sketch the action when force crossed the rail way on the westward trek which ended in the crushing defeat near It is as follows with a esti mated at between two and three thou sand and two guns crossed the rail way threemiles north Station yesterday morning ie Feb Col Crabbes column came in touch and began shelling with two fifteenpounders the Boers scat tering in all directions armored train arrived from the north and immediately opened fire on the Boers with two naval- twelvepound ers The result was that practically the whole of convoy was captured One hundred thousand rounds of smallarm and a large quantity of pompom ammunition were captured besides twenty prison ers The prisoners were in a most de plorable state Many of them were in rags and several were bootless It is thought by those who witnessed the fight that the enemy must have lost heavily The loss of the convoy with such a quantity of ammunition at such a junction is the worst blow has had since the chase began To Cure a Cold In One Day Take Laxative Quinine Tab- refund the money fails to- cure BW Groves signature Is on each box A HORRIBLE OUTBREAK large sores on my little daugh ters head developed into a case scald writes but At- nica Salve completely cured her Vs a guaranteed cure for Salt Rheum Pimples Sores and Piles Only cents at JR Lehmans drug store- 1 t