The following text may have been generated by Optical Character Recognition, with varying degrees of accuracy. Reader beware!

Address communication* to Agronomist, 73 Adelaide St. West, Toronto X. Y:-Will y ? u please explain tlw confront the man or _ woman who action of bactena ,n relation to BOI! work, on the kind. If things are not ? y ,,. idea / ly , th U v! ,K Answer :-The action of bacteria in made for obtaining the 'Teeling" For Layers This method is about as certain as the trap nest Experi- ments with capons Feeding costs Excellent Flesh produced without confinement Handling Baby Chicks. BY L. STEVENSON, ONTARIO DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE, writer carried on a series of crates for two " weeks, produced the experiments with poultry when con-, same high grade of flesh. Following "!!!i nected with The Agricultural Experi-j is the feed cost of an eight-pound SMOKE for Vancouver ounce capon: the soil is to bring about the decay other material needed to insure the o: riri p V Rr an j nr ~ aftnt * r h* f -illnw ' ' i? * . .... ... . ,.^,,^ . 4, rt,. unrip* a'lney, B.U., and presents the follow-, Feed cogt to rear to en d of the organic matter and so reduce greatest success, when the spring U to a condition that it can be used rush comes it may be too late. as food by plants. In the process of. There is such a difference in the decay, acids are created which make quality of seeds of various kinds and food available. The nodules on varieties of vegetables that this of ing notes as among those worthy of I third month 21.54 consideration: , Feed cost to rear during fourth Determination of Egg-Laying. month . 16.2 A test was made of the feeling Feed cost to rear during fifth leguminous plants are caused by bac- should be considered when ordering, method, to determine its accuracy. month 13.17 teria, making possible the utilization Take, for instance, the onion. The Thirty hens that were under trap- Feed cost to rear during sixth ^ of nitrogen from the air. This nitro- seed of this vegetable loses its ger- nest record were subjected to the month 21.- gen, and, in fact, all soil nitrogen minating power very rapidly, and if feeling process for eight days: Janu- TneTobacco of Quality Feed cost to rear during sev- occurring as plant or animal remains, O ne obtains old seed, or uses old seed ary 17 to 24. enth month 21.3 cannot be utilized by ucceeding crop* that one has on hand, there may be The results of "feeling" were check- Feed cost to rear during eighth nntil it has gone through preparatory f e w, if any, plants germinate. More- ed up and tallied perfectly with the | month . . . 23.4 processes. First, it is broken down over, even if some plants grow, there "trapnesting." indicating that it is 'Feed cost to rear during De- to ammonia, then built up to nitrite, may not be enough to insure a good quite possible for any careful person ' cember, 20 days 14.4 and then to nitrate, the form in which stand, particularly if the root mag- to determine which hens are laying! ' crops take it from the soil. These go t 3 happen to be bad. Sometimes, by feeling the bird for -the presence Total feed cost $1.31.21 processes depend entirely upon soil also, the onion seed bought may be of the egg in the oviduct, in the early These birds were sold for $2.43 each bacteria. i from-strains which require a longer morning before she leaves the perch, wholesale, leaving $1.11.79 per bird. E. N. B.: I understand that sweet warm season for development than we The method also has an advantage in From this we can deduct 20 cents, the clover sometimes introduces from 40 have in many parts of Canada, and that it eliminates the necessary con- ' price paid for the bird as a day-old to 50 pounds of nitrogen per acre and the result will be a large proportion finement of the birds in a "trapnest" chick, and have 91.79 cents per bird also supplies humus-forming material. O f thickneeks. 'Seed that will germin- for a period which is frequently longer' for labor and shelter. Would it be a good plant to grow to a te well, and its special strain or s- than is actually required to produce j Handling Baby Chicks. be turned down as a green manure? lection, are very important with other an egg Answer Sweet clover would un- kinds of vegetables also, tbe greatest The great disadvantage of the feel- doubtedly prove a very excellent difference perhaps being in strains of ing method is that it is impracticable , hr^^r, Th first green manure, but on account of iti cauliflower, cabbage, and tomato, but for pedigree breeding, inasmuch that ' wo renaoie local eue ". . A nrsi higfe value as a food for live stock it also such staple crops as beets, car- the eggs from individual birds cannot ^ ey . re inam '" e t ] 1 , nCU *. r ' would seem unwise to turn it under in rota, parsnips and turnips vary much be recorded. trangferred 8 ^ th g br0 od er ^ut were the crop stage. Dealing with this in shape and trueness to type, and in' Experiments With Capons. ' not ' f ed unti i f ort v eieht hours old. very question at an agricultural con- other ways. If oare is taken to order j nMr cockere i s were operated on '"The following hints on general treat- ference held at Winnipeg, .Dr. Gris- seeds from a reliable source, and to when twelve weekg dd These birds ment are iyen . dale, Deputy Minister of Agriculture get, not the cheapest, but the best, the' were a thrifty and we l].,rrown lot,: Do not chill or overheat the chick- ' "P 6 " flame - aml '8tion, with explo- The first farmer was the first man, lor Canada, pointed out that where difference in price between the best ave raging *>4 pounds in weight After ens or disastrous results will follow ' rive ff ect, will occur, regardless of and all historic nobility rests on poa- sweet clover can be grown success- see d and the ordinary will be repaid capoll i z i n? they were kept under the If they pant they are too hot, and if the ** ***** on considered oneself session and use of land.-Emeraon. fully, and the grower understands how many times in the satisfactory crop 8ame conditions as the cockerels. The they huddle together they are not ' sufficiently removed from such to be to handle it, it wouM seem profitable that i. obtained, provided that it is feed cost for a pound increase 5n JJ JJJL to use it for animal food and to re- looked after and that the season is |Weight was slightly less for the ^.1 Do not o K verfeed durin? favorable. : eri .; s up to six months of age. At this week. Careful attention to the vegetable ti me the coe kerels and capons weighed Change the water daily and see crop after the seed has germinated the Mme _ These birda were kilted for thafc jt jg perfect i y c!ean and in packages turn the manure to the soil. Norse Crops for Seeding Clover. the in no danger. first' ^* recall a disastrous fire which oc- _ will do much to prevent a poor crop. Christmas trade when 264 days old,! Give plenty of green food Nurse crops are almost universally r _ B -. ostsdwhen seeding clover. Their most \ There are cutworms, root maggots, antl ~ weigrhedv p i uo i cedi g p ou * n ds 2J Feed sour skim Inilk whenever pos- Iniportant functions are: to reduce the flea beetles and other insects to com- ; ouncefl . Th e percentage of offal was sible. ' bat and great vigilance is required in low being but 18 per cent of the i Do no j. forget to gupp iy c h a rcoal, cost of production of the clover hay (red clover being a biennial or per- ennial that produces little or no for- age of value the first season), to shad* order to prevent damage from being total we i^ht. The birds were not crate: grit, and shell. done rather than in trying to control fed> but were finished on .a liberal: Make all change of food and feed- curred in a country town and which was due to the fact that two men sought to empty a barrel of gasoline into an underground tank. They were working in the open air unmindful of the fact that the wind was blowing directly from them toward the build- ing these insects after they are well under mfik rat ion. The quality of the flesh, ing gradually. where double vapor doors stood ajar, carried into the i bulWln S and found lts wa V to an open the young seedling plants from the hot T.-ay. The poisoned bran mash is the Wa9 excellent, and the wholesale price] Clean and disinfect brooder often fire at che far end ' The ex P Ioslon July and August sun, and to leave a| best remedy for cutworms, and a sup-| rece j ve d was 30 cents per pound. The! Do not use damp, mouldy feed or which foi ' Iowed Wew the whole side of turcly stubble that will retain the ( ply of this should be on hand to apply advantages of caponizing are that an! straw. ^ e building out, let the roof fall in now and protect the clover from the; just as soon as there is the first indi-j exce ii en t quality of flesh can be pro-| Never allow chicks to crowd ; " and more s P eeti ''y than il takes to tell heaving action of frost. I cation that cut-worms are about. Forj dui . ed w j t hout confining the birds in brooders or colony houses. it the entire structure was a mass of The cereal nurse crops, in order ofj root maggots affecting cabbage and. sma!1 f eed j n g crates and the tender! Place chicks on the range in colony' seethinK flames. This is the time of their revenue-producing qualities,! cauliflower, corrosive sublimate is the fl esh can be retained to a greater agerhouses, after the eighth week. i year when gasoline for cleaning pur- would usually stand: oats, barley and| best remedy. Another treatment is and we j K ht. The cockerels made justi Do not let the cockerels and pullets pos * s is used oft * ntimcs within doors wheat, in Eastern Canada. In pro-! necessary for the root maggots affect-; as good ga j ns , and when milk fed in 'run together on the range. because of inclement conditions out- dding shade at the right time, and ing onions, which often destroy almost. - . _ ._..'. - - Irrigated Farms In Southern Alberta ZB Uw ramoQi TauluU Dtetziot Bow River Irrigation Bow River Irrigation Proj jLn peclaily food location for Cannln ana aalryln*. Splendid op- portunltT for younc men DOW llvtnc IB dlitrlcta wher* good land cannot b* boufht at r>aonabU prlc. THIS 18 NOT PIONEKKINU, th flrt 10.000 aero* ar* fully actled and another 10.000 acr now ready for MttUment; maximum dlstanca from railroad. **vn milea. Good road*. tlpbona* aiiJ achoola. Kamy pay- ments. extending over IS year*. Tii b tbe Bnt Land Boy In AJberta Write for further Information to: CANADA XvAJTO and OOBCPAJTT. X MedlciBC Ht. - . AJbi-rta not tending to smother the clover, all, or all, of the young plants. Bul- eedlinjr later in the season, the ord would likely be reversed: wheat, bar- ley and oats. In sturdiness of straw tnd the ability to withstand the wea- ( ther and hold a blanket of snow on the field, the order would be: wheat, oats and barley. Th investigational work with nurse crops at Charlottetown over a period of six years, has been along two lines: First, to determine the best rates of seeding nurse crops, and second, a comparison of different cereals as U 1, or all of the young ,ts BUI- Seeds Mwn in hot . bedai the plants wrly part of the Sea90n is important letins dealing with these insects can] from which will not stand f ros t ^ we are to prevent a loss of cron be obtained free on application to the me!onS( egg plants and peppers. These j ust at bloomine time and when the Publications Branch, Department of lants ire a longer warm season J " tti "f ;~ece* sarv ^have P-o^n should the gasoline A,~;,.,,!t-,,~ M-. ...... rruii is setting, it rs necessary to nave vanor m , x WI h tho ar n tist tha side. It should be remembered that the cooking or heating stove, the ker- or anything else of this th" spark which will set ' Agriculture, Ottawa. There is often a temptation to sow seed or set out plants too early in the than most plants, hence the necessity' a good supp i y o f moisture of starting them in hot-beds. ground to insure the fruit setting vapor mix with the air in just, in the r jgtot proportions. Be careful. th order to prevent serious losses of snouW tne wea ther be hot and dry at spring, with the result that the seed; the fnlit crop it is important to begin that season. Hence, early cultivation a seaavll . . vu.uv.^n e.ther rots m the ground, or else the early . If foliage of ^^ tree9 is de . gerve moisture and warm the young plants are kil.ed or badly in- 1 stroyedj the crop for the fol i owing go that h wiH ^ jured by frost, and when a mowing ^ t will u reduced very much> if, there wi ,, be a flow of to th set . or a replantmg is made, it may be . indee<1> there is any crop at . n that frui , necessary. too late to obtain good crops. The. year it will have a bad effect on this following hints may be of service: ; Seas0 n's crop also. The tent eater- Danger From Gasoline. The writer happened recently upon nurse crops for clover. Seed to be sown early in spring, the, pj],i ars are increasing in Eastern Can- The experiments on rates of seed-' young plants from which will stand ada> canker worms are bad elsewhere, Ing nurse crops were arranged in con- [ some frost beets, carrots, lettuce/ and otnr i nsec ts are destructive, 1 an advertisement which began some- nection with a four-year rotation, onions, parsnips, peas, radishes, kohl- h enee the trees should be sprayed to thing after this fashion: "If a quart hoed crop, grain, clover and timothy, j rabi, garden cress, salsify, spinach/ kill tnem before they have done ap- of gasoline will carry your Ford a Four rates of seeding were used each parsley and leeks. | preciable harm. Disease must also be | distance of four miles how far will Seed beat sown in hot-beds, the controlled if loss to the crop is to be ' one gallon of it carry the roof of your year with both oats and barley. The rates used were 1H, 2, -'3 and 8 bushels per acre with oats, and 1, m, 2 and 2Va bushels per acre with the barley. The returns, though not con- clusive, re feeding for clover, were quite marked in the second year hay (timothy) in favor of the light seed- young plants from which will stand some frost cabbage, cauliflower, celery. Seed to be sown after danger of frost is over unless it is planned to protect the plants beans, corn, cu- . prevented. As caterpillars begin to | house?" Certainly, here is food for work and diseases are active Just: reflection 1 Plenty of people there are when the leaf buds are breaking, or! who never stop to figure it out until have broken, the spray materials ' after the explosion carries roof and should be on hand and the pump* in| waJls and everything else before it. RADIO RECEIVING SETS Farmers! Protect your crops by Bet- ting last minute weather reports with a Westinghouse Radio Receiving Set. Also latest Market JU'purts, Concerts, Church Services. Etc. CANADIAN WESTINGHOUSE CO. Limited HAMILTON. ONT. District Offices: Toronto. Montreal, Hullfax. Ottawa. Fort William, Win- nipeg, Calgary, Edmonton, Vancouver. and iouik a! ttjtt \\l :rfrr< TV Br-.titfotil " TjlK E3r VAlt'i: FABM-S-1/.K MIXKll. li U i be Vltnt su- o" am>H 1 t) tonnda- t!on, horar truucb*. -l*.. ic. Manv farm. t for mt'lt'i p<-l. f-;llia -. etc MadP tor h.0 ' : i> w.f . ou aaidi or muuntcd oa irurlu. wlih r wtthj.it etiduj. Willr (or buukltt Coo d thapltr * Mulr Co., UmilaJ. .MM '""*- On.,o. to begin spraying. Spray I The danger of using gasoline cumbers, melons, potatoes and squash, j ca iendars can be obtained from the cleaning or other purposes, lies for not yvtaatwbiij / (it AM T \J i V* win. itf,ii\t DWVI ' i ,1 it 11 VI ^i 9 VJli *- V VfVaa I1VU I i i ' II I M1O \. ITTil J I 1 1 1 J^ \J i ULlUTt U Ul UVJ&^TB, . iv 3 i I ' 'L lag of the nurse crop. The rate of i Seed of late cabbage is not sown until ; Dominion and Provincial departments; so much in its being-inflammable as in 1% bushels per acre of either cereal,! May, but the plants will endure frost.j grv ing best formulas to use and times' the fact that its vapor, when mixed ave the best average returns for the and seeds of swede turnips should be to 8pr ay, with information about the! with air in the proper proportions, two hay crops in the rotations. When sown late, although turnips will stand! j n3ec ,ts and diseases to be destroyed. Is highly explosive. A slight draft the returns from the rotations wer] frost. The conservation of moisture in the will carry the vapor oftentimes to an made up as a whole, roots, grain and hay, seeding at the rate of 1V4 bushels per acre with oats and also with bar- ley gave tho highest average return per acre. ^ *.. y ; : The experiment with different sorts of cereals as nurse crops was planned also with a four-year potation of hoed crops, grain, clover and timothy. The three cereals, wheat, oats and barley were used. The rates of seeding were:| wheat, l^a bushels; oats, 2^ bushels; barley, 1 ^3 bushels. A six-year aver- ' age of the hay produced, places these in order of value as nurse crops: oats,' wheat and barley. Taking into con-, sideration the value of the hoed crops | and grain in the complete rotation,' then the average return per acrej would place them in the following i order: oats, barley and wheat. Summing up then, the different fac- tors to be considered in the selection of a nurse crop for clover, we are rather surprised to find that oats,! sown at a rate that win give first' quality seed grain, stands at the top, with barley second and wheat third.! The results also indicate that these; cereals are all satisfactory nurse crops : when sown thick enough to produce' the best quality of seed grain. "Eastlake" Galvanli.d Copp.r-b*arlna "Metallic" Shingles Fir*. Lightning, Rutt and Storm ~ >-MBkM Wat.r by Condcnalng Poor Fruit and Vegetable Crops: How to Avoid Them.- The long Canadian winter gives jfermera, fruit growers, market gards en/erg and dwellers HI cilioa and town* abundant tfma to think over the work of the cotaing growing season, and to plan how to make use of their tim' In order to obtain the best possible but Miuetimea opportunity is' c<l. mid sufficient thought t*' i .. ' the many problem* whwh D*w and Frost. Smd Portal Cord for folder "I" The Metallic Roof ing Co. Limited 40S 1194 King St. W., Toronto Be Safe! Don't wait for someone to be in pain to get Kendall's Spavin Treatment in th* house. For all external hurts and painfl for all muscular trouble*. Kendall's Spavin Treatment makes good. no!;-..;. 1 h-ivv iwrj Yrtur k^ndallt 9tv!n Curfnr o*r IWMI f**it*tni f'vmiUl one ofth 1 >*: l.n'.mtuu*! iMtv Get a tattle at vouf Jraggist '> to Jay. Regular /or Hone Treatment RrfineJfor Human UM. DR. B. J. KENDALL COMPANY, Enosburs Fqlls, V!., U.S.A. KENDALL'S SPAVIN , TREATMENT .4^^ . AN OLD INDUSTRY IN A NEW SETTING Maple syruy aad maple sugar, now delicacies, were originally used by settlers a a subs-tltuto for cano sugar, was, of course, almoe* lmps!bl to obtain. In lonie parts o Quebec and Rastern Ontario, th old mothods ot collecting sap and convortlug It into syrup are still used. The picture shows a farmer collecting synltf in wood- en palls and boiling It at an outdoors fire. The upper central picture shows the modern method of tapping and col- lecting sajj In sanitary iaot>placl8e, sad thi> u;n'cr left hawl picture shows the scientific methods of handling syrup. The Canadian Pacific Railway WILL FIND Farm astern Farmers TO BE OP SERVICE tr> Enst^m Ca=adr> FarTiwrs nnU help to nwet thW needs In securing ccmittat fium hi-lp, ihu Canaoiun Faciflo Jiailway !i preparrj to utlllzo k* m number of countries. ay oigaiiiMlioo to DruvMa snch help ircn The CANADIAN PACIFIC Hull*?.* vlil now racaivo and nrrsng* to fill applications for Dial* and ferv.lo fr,rl he)? to be :,u;>j>!l<xl from Gr*at Britain, Belgium. Holland, D*nCD*W\ SwItMrl.ir.d r.:-J Norway, In all of which countries tha Carcpany has rap roson tali vw v/ho !... c ru.-mcU In and are familiar with Enstcrn Canadian conditions anil h> ar* now la touch with uch niea and \vom&n ready and :-.:._...> to cumg to Canada. THB GOVERNMENTS of tho eountrliw apo mentioned hava t uiniaiil the!.- wlMniBMM to aid iho IriimlgraUoa of Uils clusl of th<-lr peoplra. I'. order to fill auch appMcBilor.a t..;ia!ci;ni :'y and b.-i:-.j the he'i> to the farmer at the proptr Una and wiih clear undorstandinK , f Ui rqulra- menu and obligations of each, a prir.f.d "Application for llilp" form has bcea prepared wlilch can be obtained from any of the utttcra listed below. The Company will maUo ao chorea to ti.e ftrmor for thl service nor will the farnwr be required to make any ca^i advance whatsoever tow>:-di Ihe travelling expenses of h:s );c:j> to the r.ci-.ast railway Cr.Uoii. The Informa- tion neaarl!y asked tor !n th~s nrr'^oa'.'.on forma, -whlsh Y.;:I bo held in stricteit confluence, covers the follow., i points: Uio kind of lic!p wanted mate or fetnn!e married or ur.rr.arrlcd : date required und for how long; nntiouality desired ; monthly v/ajja oiered ; ki&d of TVork offered. eu>, Bou * J1 ' c n - Asricultornl Azcnt, C.PA C. U Due Xorwooi Land Acent. C.P.B. KICNTVILI K, x.s. <;.-. ".. Graham, Ccn. M n -r., Dominion AUanUa Bit Department of Colonization end Development Canadian 1'aoille Railway I. 8. Railway DENNIS, iL'hlcf .Commiiiioner, Montreal.